语法填空做题技巧
语法填空做题技巧
2015年，深圳中考英语推出语法填空题, 把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行, 旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。
它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力, 而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一一篇文章10个空，每空1分。其中，一般定的阅读理解能力。
有提示词的，需要我们填入连词，代词，介词，冠词等虚词。其实这种题型和广东英语高考中的语法填空题型基本一致。
如何解决呢？ 一解题步骤：
1. 快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；
2. 上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式； 3. 通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。 二. 解题思路： 1. 有提示词
这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。
1). 如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。 如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。
若句中已有谓语动词（主语后第一个动词），又不是并列谓语（第二个动词前没有and ）时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do, doing还是done 的形式。
①For example, I ________ (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. ②When I die, I ________ (give) everything to you.
③On their return, the father asked his son ________(explain) what he had learnt.
④There are animals ________ (live) in the sea. ⑤He likes reading books ________ (write) by Lu Xun.
2). 如果需要填入名词，我们则需要判断是否有单复数的变化。
做题方法：形容词性物主代词后要用名词，作主语，宾语或者表语要用到名词。 ①My first ________ (impress) of him is that he was a kind and thoughtful man. ②These people have made great ________ (contribute) to China with their work.
3). 如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。 解题方法:
a, 在冠词和名词间要填入形容词。 b, 在系动词后面要填入形容词。
c, 在行为动词后、句首或者句末、单独运用时要填入副词。 d, 在动词变形容词时要加-ed （修饰人）或者-ing （修饰物）。 e, 修饰形容词要用副词。
f, 见到than 要用比较级。二者比较用比较级，三者及三者以上比较要用最高级，as....as 中间用原级。 g, 形容词变副词规则：形容词变副词通常是加ly, 其变化有规律可循, 请记住以下口诀：一般直接加ly ，“元e”去e 加ly ，“辅y”改i 加ly ，“le”结尾e 改y.
①Before the trip I thought we were rich, but today I learnt who is ________(true) rich. ②He must be ________ (mental) disabled.
③His teacher took a deep drink and smiled ________ (warm).
④________ (Fortune), nobody was injured and no buildings were destroyed.
⑤Some people say that the oldest child, who are smart and strong-willed, are probably _____ (succeed) ⑥The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour---much __ (fast) than any of its rivals. 4). 如果要填入数词，要判定用基数词还是用序数词。 做题方法：
a, 一般在复数名词前要用基数词，单数名词前、定冠词（the ）后面用序数词。one-first-once 、two-second-twice 要合理选用。
b,hundred, thousand, million, billion 在of 前要加-s ，在基数词后面保持不变。 c, 逢整十在in one’s 后要要把整十数变复数。
d, 基数词改序数词规则：一、二、三，特殊记。八加h ，九减e 。逢十改y 为ie ，f 要把ve 替，还有th 莫忘记。
①I think the ___________ lesson is the most difficult in this book.(twelve) ②Louis is now in his ____________,but he is still taking some course at college.
③There are _______of people who are losing jobs and _________ of them find jobs.(hundred thousand) 5). 代词，要判定使用人称代词主格、宾格；形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词。 做题方法：
a, 指代人用人称代词，作主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。
b, 指代物用物主代词，名词前用形容词性物主代词，其他用名词性物主代词。 c, 和主语指同一个人用反身代词。 d, 表格如下：
2. 无提示词
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。 1). 名词前面一般用冠词，代词或介词等。
①A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ________ water was sweet. ②Besides,shopping at this time of the year was not ________ pleasant experience. ③The young man went home ________ a happy smile. ④Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for ________ great works. 2). 缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。
①Here are two bags. The blue ________ is mine. ②Suddenly the wall moved---________ was made of trees.
③New technologies have made _________ possible to turn out new products faster.
3). 并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等。 ①Each winner receives a gold medal, a diploma ________ a sum of money. ②He was very tired from doing this for a whole day, ________ he felt very happy. ③Which do you prefer, folk music ________ pop music?
4). 两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。比如宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。
①Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. ②________hard your try, it is difficult to lose weight.
③If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ________ you are. ④________we have enough evidence, we cannot win the case.
⑤Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from______ their parents speak at home. ⑥At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students ________came back to China after study. ⑦My face turned red on hearing ________ my mother said.
【课堂练习】
Passage 1
Can you see the rabbit’s tail? When a rabbit sees something dangerous, it rans away. Its tail is white and moves up and (move) and they run, too. They know that there is danger. The rabbit
(make) itself fierce. the food is by seaking to them, but it does in the air. This tells (other) same way. we have something that no animals has-a large number of words. No animal has the wonderful power lf language.
提示词： rattler 响尾蛇；fierce 凶猛的；hood 环
1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.___________
Passage 2
recycled(循环气候) change.
can last 25years or more. It is green and enviroment-friendly(环保的), and as (cost)£30.
Good news for swimmers. Do you want to ttalk to your friends under the water? Rich Stachowski invented this Water 扩大)voices underwater for up to 15 feet.
If you sit in a chair for too long of in a bad position(姿势new chair that move.
1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.___________
Passage 3
It was strange getting on a plane after being on the boat for five days. We’re now in Shanghai. We travelled on (fast) train in the world. goes 420 kilometres an hour! My feet felt really wobbly I got off. Shanghai is really and it was nice (send) some emails home. Even the Internet cafés are different in China those in England. They are bigger and there are so many young people. My computer was all in Chinese so I couldn’t understand . Just then a young girl (sit) next to me realized and helped me put it English. I wish I could understand Chinese and I think I should learn it back in England. 1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.___________
Passage 4
A young British woman arrived in Hong Kong for the first time. She knew little about the______1______ (China) culture. One day she went to visit a friend and______2______ (give) a cup of Chinese tea. She was not thirsty at all_____3_______she felt she should drink it up. So she started drinking as much as she______4______. But as_____5_______as her cup became half-full, the host insisted on filling it up. She told the host that she had had_____6_______, but her cup kept being filled, and she______7______on drinking. She drank 12 ______8______of tea altogether! ______9______ (late) she came to know that she should have just stopped drinking to show that she had_____20_______ (drink) enough.
Passage 5
International Friendship Day is a day for celebrating friendship. It is very popular in western countries. _1_ that day, not only teenagers _2_ people in all age groups have different ways to make this day special for their friends. Some believe to give a surprise party to their very dear friends, while some believe to go for _3_ outing and talk to each other will _4_ (make) their life special. There are different kinds of gifts in these days on Friendship Day. Gifts like a watch, a mobile phone or a music player could be one of the _5_ (choice). Those _6_ live far away from each other and cannot meet _7_ (person) on Friendship Day prefer to send flowers and greeting cards online. There is no exact way _8_ to celebrate a Friendship Day. _9_ you want to leave an unforgettable Friendship Day in the mind of your friends, the best way is _10 _ (pay) attention to what your friends like most and how much you can pay. So they will feel you are the special one in their life.
Passage 6
When inviting some friends at a dinner, we Chinese often say, “The dishes are not good. Please forgive me.” In fact, it is a Chinese way of he really means is that all the dishes here are really wonderful! what he really hopes is compliment from the guests! But English would not understand it at all! Now that it is not good, why should you present the dishes before us? The English would say to their guests “ Enjoy yourselves!” when eating “ Hope you’ve enjoyed !” after eating.
While eating, we Chinese often say to the guests, “Eat slowly.” This would be very ( puzzle) to the foreigners: Am I eating very violently? Am I eating too or too much?
And now come to the end of the dinner when your guests (leave) . The Chinese would say: “Walk slowly!” This is a very polite saying in Chinese,but will also be confusing to the foreigners: Why can’t I walk fast?
a simple “ Bye!” or “ See you next time!” Keys:
16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________ 20._________ 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________
Passage 7
I felt upset when I 16__________ (tell) that I would have to leave the company. In order to find 17__________ new job to support the family, I read almost all the newspapers 18__________ set down almost all the telephone numbers in ads 19_________ my notebook and tried to call almost all the companies that needed new clerks. Not until 20__________ (find) a job in a small town near Townsville did I calm down. My new boss, Mr. Brown, was one of my schoolmates 21__________ I was getting along well with at school. Both of us were 22__________(excite) to see each other and we spent the whole afternoon 23__________(talk) about things and persons that we remembered at school. He asked me to give24__________ some advice on how to enlarge his present business and he was 25_________(entire) happy about my advice. Keys:
16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________ 20._________ 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________
Passage 8
Chinese proverbs(谚语) are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. Behind these proverbs there (be) often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up (拔高)a crop to help it grow”, is based following story.
It is said that a short-tempered(脾气急躁的) man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help (slow) than he expected.
He was very tired after doing this a whole day, he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”higher. (hear) about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither(枯萎).
16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________ 20._________ 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________ 【课后作业】
Passage 9
Bill Gates He is very generous but has he got his money? He has done this by making sure that no one else will be able to compete with his software. His software is not the best it is used most widely in the world. anybody else. That way he gets Then he works He tries hard to stop others making better software. In 1995 the government tried The government wanted to make Microsoft into two companies so that neither of them was so strong This meant that they could not stop somebody else making new software. I always wonder how he could get so rich so quickly. Has he fair means? Or has he done it by being a computer bully. Keys:
16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________ 20._________ 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________
Passage 10
Taking a taxi in a certain Eastern European country can be ___16___ shocking experience. It is said ___17___ some taxi drivers have metal wires struck into the passenger seats. And ___18___ a button is pushed, the seat will give you an electric shock. These taxi drivers don’t do this ___19___ fun. They do it to tourists __20___ argue about the ridiculous（可笑的，荒唐的） fares they charge. Some drivers charge as much __21___ ten times the legal fare.
They have a secret switch which __22___ (make) the meters much faster. If you refuse to pay, you are really in for a shock.
In one case, a German woman had no choice but to pay US $120 for a US $20 ride from the airport. She said that she was really ___23___ (take) for a ride, but what could she do? Besides the electric shock, she was verbally（口头地）abused and threatened with physical ___24___ (violent). She has only one piece of advice for tourists, “Take the bus ___25___ stay at home.” Keys:
16._________ 17._________ 18._________ 19._________ 20._________ 21._________ 22._________ 23._________ 24._________ 25._________