八年级英语下册第五单元知识点整理
八年级英语下册第五单元知识点整理
一. 重要词汇和句子
1. 助动词 do 用于 条件状语从句 或 答语中 起省略作用, 可使句子更简练.
(1)--- I think I’m going to take the bus to the party .
--- If you do , you’ll be late .
(2) --- Do you like reading harry potter ?
--- No , I don’t . But my sister does .
2. have a good \ great \ wonderful time == have fun == enjoy oneself
玩得很高兴 \ 过得很愉快
I had a good \ great \ wonderful time in the park yesterday .
==I had fun in the park yesterday .
== I enjoyed myself in the park yesterday .
3. let sb. \ sth. in 让某人\ 某物进来
Why not let him in ?
You’d better open the windows and let some fresh air in .
4. organize 动词, “ 组织, 安排, 筹备 ”
They are going to organize a picnic .
organization 名词, “ 组织, 机构 ”
She works for a voluntary organization helping homeless people . organizer 名词, “ 组织者, 建立者 ”
The organizers of the concert said they had a great success .
5. take away 拿走, 取走 take ( an active ) part in (积极) 参加 take off 起飞, 脱下 take … to … 把…..带到……
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 take a look ( at ) 看一看
take exercise 做运动 take notes 做笔记
take a rest 休息 take one’s temperature 量体温
take it easy 别着急, 别紧张 take over 接管
6. a good time to do sth 做某事的好时间
March is a good time to plant trees .
Autumn is a good time to travel .
7. remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人做某事
If I forget , please remind me to write to my mother .
8. around the world == all over the world 在世界各地 \ 全世界
Football is very popular around the world \ all over the world .
His dream is to travel around china .
9. make a living === for a living 谋生
In this city he drives a taxi to make a living \ for a living.
What does your father do to make a living \ for a living ?
make a living ( by ) doing sth . 以做某事谋生
The old man makes a living (by) hunting .
10. 提建议的句子
Why not do sth ? 为什么不做某事 ?
Why don’t you do sth ? 为什么不做某事 ?
What about \ how about doing ? 做某事怎么样?
Would you like to do sth ? 你想\ 愿意做某事吗?
Shall we do sth ? 我们去做某事, 好吗?
Let’s do sth , shall we ? 让我们做某事, 好吗?
Do you want to do sth ? 你想去做某事吗?
11. seem like sth 看起来像……
It seems like years since I last saw you .自从我上次见到你以后, 好象是过了好几年. Those cards seemed like many little flags .那些卡片看起来好象许多小旗子。 Seem like doing sth . 看起来像做某事
He seemed like forgetting what had happened .
12. chance 名词, “ 机会, 机遇 ”
We have\ get a good chance of winning the match .
There is little chance of meeting him again .
by chance = by accident 偶然地 We met him by chance yesterday . take a chance on sth . 在……上冒险
you shouldn’t take a chance on that .
13. all the time 总是, 一直
They are singing the same song all the time .
You can hear them talking and laughing all the time .
He stayed at home all the time last night
其它短语: in time 及时 on time 准时 at times 有时
at that time 在那时 at the same time 同时 once upon a time 从前 as time goes on 随着时间地推移 take one’s time 不着急
watch one’s time 等待时机
14. have a difficult time ( in ) doing sth. 难于做某事, 做某事有困难
== have problems ( in) doing sth.
== have trouble ( in ) doing sth.
We have a difficult time working out the problem .
They have some problems getting to the top of the mountain .
15. against 介词, “ 反对, 不同意, 抵抗, 对抗, 对……不利 ” 反意词 for, “ 赞成 ” There were 20 votes (票) for him and 12 against him .
They sailed against the wind .他们顶风航行.
You need to wear a coat against the cold .你需要穿上外套防寒.
He is standing against the wall . 他靠墙站着.
He hit against a tree . 他撞到了树上.
We are going to play a basketball match against Class Two on Sunday .
16. forget 忘记
forget sth 忘记某物 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事 leave sth somewhere 把某物忘在某处 I forgot to turn off the light when I left.
I forgot telling him the message and told him again .
--- Did you forget your homework ? --- Yes, I left it at home .
17. in class 在课堂上, 上课时 in the class 在班上, 在班里
We must listen to the teachers carefully in class .
They can do some activities in class .
There are 45 students in the class .
18. too much 太多 代替或修饰不可数名词, 或修饰动词
much many 太多 代替或修饰可数名词
much too 太, 非常 后接形容词或副词
He says too much but does little .
there is too much rain in summer .
I have too many rules at home .
He has drunk too much and drives much too fast .
19. exercise (1) 不可数名词, “ 锻炼, 练习 ”
A lot of exercise is good for your health .
You need to do more exercise to keep health .
(2 ) 可数名词 , “ 体操, 运动 ”
We do morning exercises ( 早操 ) every day .
Eye exercises ( 眼保操 ) are important to students .
(3 ) 动词 , “ 锻炼 ” how often do you exercise ?
20. can \ be able to
(1) can 没有人称的变化, 但有现在时can 和过去时 could 两种时态
(2) be able to 有人称的变化, 也有现在时 am\is\are able to,
过去时 was\were able to 和一般将来时 will be able to 的变化.
21. make ( a lot of ) money 挣(许多) 钱
22. get a (good ) education 接受 (良好)教育
二. if引导的条件状语从句.
(一) if 引导的条件状语从句与主句时态的呼应.
1. 如果主句是一般将来时, 从句要用 一般现在时 代替 一般将来时.
(1) 从句是肯定句, 主语是第三人称单数时, 行为动词后面要加s \ es . 否则, 动词用原形.
(2) 从句是否定句, 主语是第三人称单数时, 用doesn’t + 行为动词原形.
否则, 用 don’t + 行为动词用原形 .
We’ll have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow .
If it rains , I will stay at home .
I’ll go with you if you don’t want to go alone .
If we have the party today , half the class won’t come .
2. 如果主句含有must , may , can 等情态动词, 从句也用一般现在时.
If you drive too fast , you may have an accident .
You must stop if the traffic light is red .
3. 如果主句是祈使句, 从句也用一般现在时.
Be careful with your homework if you don’t want to make mistakes . (二 ) if引导条件状语从句 与 if引导宾语从句 时的区别 .
1. if引导宾语从句时, 表示 “ 是否, 时不是 ” . 位于及物动词之后.
if引导条件状语从句时, 表示 “ 假如, 如果 ” , 位于句首或句末
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow . if he comes , I’ll call you .
2. 在if引导的宾语从句中, 如果主句是一般现在时, 宾语从句的时态根据需要确定; 如果
主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句也要用过去的时态.
而在if引导的条件状语从句中, 要用一般现在时.
I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow .
He asked if I could help him .
I can help you if I am free
(三) if引导的条件状语从句 练习题
选择题1. --I hear Anna will give up learning the piano .
--- If she ______ , her parents will be mad at her .
A. will B. does C. do D. is
2. –I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week .
---Really ? ________ he comes , my younger sister will be very happy .
A. if B. until C. unless D. before
3. I bet Mr black will come to help us if he _______ too busy tomorrow .
A. is B. will be C. won’t be D. isn’t
选词填空 1. What ________ ( will \ would ) happen if they miss the bus ?
2. If we have the meeting tomorrow , he _____ ( do, will ) not come .
3.If we watch a video , I __________ ( am \ will be ) bored .
4. Let’s go hiking if it ________ ( doesn’t \ won’t ) rain on Sunday .
5.Can you tell me if it _________ ( will rain \ rains ) tomorrow .
仿照例句把两句合为一句.
1. You think you’re going to visit New York city .
You will see some tall buildings .
--- If you visit New York city, you’ll see some tall buildings .
2. You are going to eat and drink more . You will be fatter .
3. They are going to do more exercise . Their health will be better .
4. You are going to let me watch TV . I will stay at home .
5. Chinese team are going to be champions . I will be very excited .