总结好的作文
书 面 表 达 赢取高分策略(是什么、怎么写、题材背诵)
第一章(是什么)
NMET书面表达评分原则
1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定档次。
第五档: 25~30分 第四档: 20~25分 第三档: 15~20分 第二档: 8 ~ 15分 第一档: 0 ~ 8分
2、大纲要求内容:
1. 内容要点:覆盖了所有的要点
2. 词汇和语法的数量和准确性;应用了较多的语法结构和词汇
3. 上下文的连贯;有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑 4. 语言的得体性; 语言地道,规范
3、拼写和标点是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 4、词数少于100和多于140的,从总分中减去2分。
5、如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。
平时书写中普遍存在的问题
1.字迹潦草 2.涂改过多 3.字体不当
阅卷者喜欢什么样的文章?
1、书写工整,卷面整洁 2、紧扣主题,逻辑清晰 3、语言简约,语法正确 4、要点齐全,细节完整 5、详略得当,适当发挥
优秀作文的六个特性
1、条理性;
2、准确性; 3、流畅性; 4、简洁多样性; 5、思想性;
6、美观性;
提高作文档次五招
1.表达精练简洁。 2.避免低级错误。
3.保证赏心悦目。 4.句子错落有致。 5.句式多种多样。
五个步骤 1、审题
题材、人称、时态、要点
2、以词及点:用一两个单词或短语写出每句话的细节要点。
3、联词成句:用联词成句的方法将上述要点的词语扩展成句子。
4 联句成文: 注意:
①主语和谓语
②背景(适当增加时间、地点条件等) ③逻辑关系 ④开头与结尾 ⑤语篇衔接
5、检查修改,规范抄写 给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象
整体三部分
第一段(开头点题;一两个句子;概括性;暗示性) 主题句 句子1
扩展句 句子2
第二段(正文中心记述部分;层次分明) 主题句 句子3 扩展句 句子4 扩展句 句子5
扩展句 句子6 扩展句 句子7 扩展句 句子8 扩展句 句子9
第三段(结尾小结;呼应主题) 结尾句 句子10
第二章.怎么写(简单句式、增强表达效果) 一.简单句、并列句 (一) 简单句
1. 基本句型 一 Time files .
We all know English . 提问:什么结构?
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 基本句型一 口头练习
我们都吃饭喝水。 孩子们正在玩。 大家都笑了。 我成功了。
2. 基本句型 二 This is an English dictionary.
The dinner smells good. 提问:什么结构?
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分三类:
一、be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用; 二、be, look, feel, smell, taste, sound等表示感官情况; 三、get, grow, become, turn, go 等表示变化。
其它系动词仍保持其部分词义:stay, prove, remain, fall„
基本句型二 口头练习
他又高又壮。 我们感到很累。 天气正在转暖。 她的脸变红了。
3. 基本句型 三 I love you.
We can speak English. 提问:什么结构?
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
基本句型三 口头练习
我们需要更多的睡眠。 他犯了一些错误。 老师表扬了我。
4.基本句型 四 The teacher passed me a new book.
Her mother cooked her a delicious dinner. 提问:什么结构?
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者
之前时,这一介词往往被省略。
基本句型四口头练习
老师向我们展示了一幅地图。 我帮他了一个忙。
我给妈妈买了一件礼物。 朋友给我带来了好消息。
5.基本句型 五 We keep our school clean.
We painted the door green. 提问:什么结构?
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
基本句型五口头练习
我们发现考试很容易。 爸爸让我快点回来。 什么使她如此悲伤? 我发现教室空空如也。
6. 基本句型 六 There be
There isn't going to be a meeting tonight.
There was only a well in the village.
There used to be only one well in the village.
基本句型六口头练习
这个学校有一名音乐老师和两名美术老师。 客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。 在教室前面有棵大树。
(二) 简单句的扩展成份
简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语(如定语)来扩展,及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语(如状语)连用进行扩展。
The dog jumped through the window.
划出下列哪些是扩展成分?
He is saving up to buy a mobile phone.
A bright little boy with rosy cheeks put three bottles of milk quietly on my doorstep before seven o’clock.
He worked like a madman in the garden on Saturday.
The young girl with long black hair seems to be very happy.
两个简单句的宾语可由and、both„and等连词连接组成一个简单句。 I met Jane. I met her husband. I met Jane and her husband. I met both Jane and her husband.
It was cold. It was wet. It was
I didn’t meet Jane. I didn’t meet her husband. I didn’t meet either or . I met neither
两个或两个以上限定动词也可合并为一个简单句。 We sang all night. We danced all night. We sang and danced all night.
(三)并列句
需把几个意思连接在一起时,可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来,这种结构即构成一个并列句。
1.并列句的形式:
用分号: We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
用分号,后跟一个连接副词: We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing.
用并列连词(如and、but、so、yet等) We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
2. 常用并列连词
平行并列连词: and, both…and, not only…but also,
转折并列连词: but, however, while, yet
因果并列连词: for, so
选择并列连词: or, either…or, neither… nor
3.并列句的词序:并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。
a.主语 谓语 宾语 连词 主语 动词 表语
Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasn’t hurt.
b.主 谓 宾 连 主 谓 地点 I ’ve got a cold, so I ’m going to bed.
c.主 谓 宾 宾补 连 主 谓 宾
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
Exercise:
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 He was tired, so he went to bed.
1. He was tired. He went to bed.
2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog. 3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it. He made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.
neither…nor, and then
二.增强表达效果
一、使用较高级的词汇
词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少,也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。从评分标准可知,运用高级的词汇对提高书面表达的分数至关重要。大家先来看下面这些句子:
1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. Thanks to the good weather , our journey was comfortable.
二 使用较丰富的句式
在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少,从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。
1. 感叹句
How happy I was when I received your letter! What a kind boy he is!
2. 强调句
It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come if possible.
3、 倒装句
Only in this way can you solve this problem. There comes the police car.
Hardly had they got to the station when they
met the young man.
4、 省略句
They read while walking or riding on a bus. Come to me if necessary. 5、 with短语
I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street with a handbag in her hand.
指出下列句子的区别与联系:
Because people communicate in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
With+宾语+宾语补足语
(doing/done/adj/to do/adv„) 练习:
1. Because he has a lot of homework to do, he doesn’t watch TV.
2. Mr.li came into the classroom, he has a book in his hand.
3. The farmer sleeps, and his window is open.
With+宾语+宾语补足语
(doing/done/adj/to do/adv„) With a lot of homework to do, with a book in his hand with his window open.
6、 定语从句
In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information. Let’s come to the main teaching building, at the back of which stands the school library.
7、 各种名词性从句 That’s what I should do.
We should do a favour to whoever needs help at present.
8、 各种状语从句
Time passed quickly before we knew it.
The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting. So long as we work harder at our lessons,
★十大经典句型: 1、It’s said that„
2、No matter what/which/who/where/when/whose+从句 3、It is/was +被强调部分 +that (who) +剩余部分
4、It +谓语+时间段 +before +主语 +谓语 before引导的是时间状语从句) 5、not until 6、there be
7、When/ So long as/ As long as/ Once +从句,+主句(从句也可放在主句之后) 8、祈使句 and will do 9、倍数表达句型 10、only + 倒装
1. It is said that a fire broke out last night. 2. No matter what he says , I won`t believe .
3. It was not until you told me that I realized my mistake. 4. It won’t be long before you get well
5. Not until you told me did I realize my mistake.
6. There always exist big gaps between dreams and realities. 7. as long as you like ,you can keep the book . 8. Work hard, and you are sure to win.
9. only in this way can we achieve our goal .
三.使用恰当连接词
连接词的分类和运用
连接词是指在文章中用来说明上下句或前后两个意思之间关系的词或词组。连接词通常用于开篇,引出扩展句;也可用于句中,尤其是用于较长的复合句中,以作为上下文的连接纽带;还可以置于文末或段末,用于总结上文或结束本段落的内容。
1、表示平行、对等或选择关系:and, both„and, as well as, as well, neither„nor, or either„or„,not only„but also„等
He loved swimming when he was a small boy and at eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province.
I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
2.表示转折关系的连接词语有:but, yet, while, however, on the contrary, on the other hand, in spite of, nevertheless, although, otherwise 等
On the other hand, 40% think that fee should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers.
While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby.
3.表示因果关系的连接词:for, so, therefore, as a result, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to,
He stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. He didn’t work hard, as a result, he failed in the exam.
4.表示时间顺序的连接词:at first, first, second„, then, next, later, meanwhile, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, eventually, as soon as, the next moment,shortly after, for one thing, for another thing 等
After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer. . The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road.
5.表示空间顺序的连接词:on the right, to the left, on one side of,„, on the other side of„. At the foot\top\end\ of„, in the middle\center of„,等
On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now, stands another new building—our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.
6.表示解释说明的连接词:that is (to say), in other words, such as, for example\instance, namely, actually, to tell you the truth according to this ,and so on 等
I can follow my own interests such as reading books, visiting museums and taking computer lessons.
In other words , I love my hometown and the people there.
7.表递进关系的连接词:what’s more\worse\better, besides, in addition, worse still, to make things worse, moreover, furthermore, above all, not only„ but also等
What’s more , it will become necessary to build gates and walls
In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What’s more ,I can go to bed earlier.
In addition to meeting the need of markets at home, its products are shipped to many countries.
8.表示总结的连接词:in short, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, as far as I know ,on the whole, to sum up等
In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce the learning load. In a word, great changes have taken place in our village.
连接词在文章中起着重要作用,千万不可忽视!!!
第三章.题材写作
一. 兴趣爱好
指音乐、舞蹈、表演、体育运动、游戏(包括网络游戏)、集邮、阅读、烹饪、看电影、看电视、听收音广播、欣赏戏剧、音乐会、观光旅行、招待客人、访问博物馆、饲养宠物等。 [必备语汇]
⑴ surf the internet上网
⑵ chat online 在线聊天
⑶ enjoy popular music 喜欢流行音乐
⑷ be fond of/be keen on喜欢„
⑸ have some hobbies有一些爱好
⑹ be interested in对„„感兴趣
⑺ take an interest in对„„感兴趣
⑻ be crazy about...对„„着迷
⑼ come to like...越来越喜欢
⑽ develop a great liking for„渐渐爱上
(11)I prefer watching a TV show to going to a concert.我宁愿看电视表演,而不愿去听音乐会。
(12)He goes for playing on-line games.他喜欢玩在线游戏。
(13)Shopping is my favorite hobby in my spare time.购物是我闲暇时最喜欢的爱好。
(14)I hate visiting museums,for I think they are boring.我讨厌参观博物馆,因为我觉得它们让人感到无趣。
[即时练习]
任务写作:该不该迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的才艺
培养孩子的兴趣爱好是非常必要的,但现在有很多家长一味地追求子女的多才多艺,迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的才艺,请你以大约120个词谈谈对这种现象的看法,内容包括: ⑴ 你是否赞同上述家长的做法;
⑵ 以你或你朋友的经历说明你的观点;
⑶ 呼吁家长们要尊重孩子的意愿。
Today’s children are lucky to have many opportunities to develop their talents.But on the other hand,a lot of parents push their children too hard.
In that case,I don’t envy them. It is true that good hobbies make life more colorful and enjoyable.However,things are different if children take no interest in the “hobby” that their parents choose for them.
Without interest as motivation,they find it as a burn rather than a hobby. My 6-year-old neighbour often cries while practising the piano. She is busier on weekends than on weekdays because she has to attend many extracurricular activities. Her mother complained that she even slept in class. Therefore,parents should see the bad effects from their over-effort to cultivate children’s talents. Parents are supposed to help children learn what they are interested in.Only in this way can they learn well and be happy!
二.人际关系
人际关系指人与人之间的交往与友谊,与家人、朋友、邻居、亲戚或他人之间的情感交流或沟通,如师生关系、父子关系、同学之间的友情等;对他人的感谢、感恩、宽容、道歉、赞扬、微笑等,请求他人同意和帮助、解决问题、处理矛盾冲突、和解,等等。
[必备词句]
⑴ learn from each other 互相学习
⑵ promote the friendship 增进友谊
⑶ improve the relationship改善关系
⑷ show love and concern for sb.爱护和关心某人
⑸ Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.善于倾听使我们彼此走得更
近。
⑹ A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our studies.良好的师生关系对我们的学习很重要。
⑺ To build a good relationship,we should trust each other.要建立良好的关系,我们应该彼此信任。
⑻ Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship.只有这样我们才能享有平等的关系。 ⑼ They find it easy to communicate with their teachers.他们发觉很容易和老师沟通。
⑽ With their help,I tried my best to study hard and succeeded in entering a key university.在他
们的帮助下,我努力学习,成功地被一所重点大学录取。
(11)We should value this harmonious relationship between teachers and students.我们应该珍惜师
生之间这种和谐的关系。
(12)With the encouragement and support of my father,I have overcome many difficulties in our
life.在父亲的鼓励和支持下,我克服了生活中的许多苦难。
(13)A good relationship will make learning and teaching enjoyable while a bad one can make them unpleasant.良好的关系可以使教与学变得愉快,不好的关系令人不高兴。
[即时练习]任务写作:以约120个词就“父母与子女的良好关系”发表你的看法,包括如
⑴ 良好的父母与子女的关系的重要性;
⑵ 你希望你与你的父母之间的关系是怎样的;
⑶ 如何才能建立这种关系?
范本:
An ideal relationship between parents and children is very important for our growth. They
always show love and concern for us. They are our good listeners,advisers and supporters. With their help,we can overcome many difficulties in our life.
In my opinion,the relationship between parents and children should be one filled with love,care and understanding,in which parents and children show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely.
To build a relationship of this kind,parents should become friends of their children while children ought to place more trust in their parents and give voice to their feelings frankly.
Only in this way can we enjoy a harmonious relationship between parents and children.
三 节假日活动
是指春节、新年、国庆节、植树节、教师节、重阳节、圣诞节、复活节、情人节、母亲
节等各种中西方节假日的起源、发展、庆祝方式和假日活动安排,还有生日、周年纪念
日、毕业典礼等各种庆祝活动,以及参加这些活动的经历和感受等。暑期、寒假等的活
动、社会实践活动或者青年志愿者的活动安排及感受等等。
[必备语汇]
1.中国节日名称
⑴ The Spring Festival春节
⑵ The Dragon Boat Festival端午节
⑶ The Middle Autumn Festival中秋节
⑷ New Year’s Day元旦
⑸ National Day国庆节
⑹ International Labor Day五一劳动节
⑺ Teachers’ Day教师节
⑻ Children’s Day儿童节
⑼ Women’s Day妇女节
⑽ Tomb-sweeping Day清明节
(11)Double Ninth Festival重阳节
(12)Lantern Festival元宵节
2.西方节日名称
⑴ Christmas day 圣诞节
⑵ Thanksgiving Day 感恩节
⑶ Valentine’s Day 情人节
⑷ April Fool’s Day 愚人节
⑸ Halloween Day 万圣节
⑹ Easter Day 复活节
⑺ Mother’s Day 母亲节
3.相关句子
National Day is coming.国庆节快到了。
National Day falls on Monday this year.
We celebrated the New Year with a dance party.我们举行舞会来庆祝新年。
[即时练习]
读写任务:先请阅读下面一篇150字左右的文章:
Today is Mother’s Day. Maybe everyone wants to do something for their mothers. I know some of my classmates are going to help their mothers with the housework,while others are going to buy some flowers for their mothers. I want to say to her that I love her very much. But as a boy,it is a bit difficult for me to show my heart. I think only girls can do that.
In fact,my mother is very kind to me. She takes care of me all day and all night. She herself
spends little money,but buys anything for me that I need. This time I am determined to show my love to my mother.
I am going to give her a card and write like this,“I love you,mother!” I want to give her
a pleasant surprise. I am going to put it under her pillow quietly
[写作内容]
1.用大约30个词概括短文内容要点;
2.然后以大约120个词发表你的观点,包括如下要点:
⑴ 你是否认为只有女孩才能向父母表达爱;
⑵ 回忆今年的母亲节,你做了什么;
⑶ 你今后应当如何做。
[写作要求]
1.可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2.标题自定。
Love our mothers
On Mother’s Day,the author found it hard to say “I love you” to his mother.However,thinking of the kindness of his mother,he is determined to give her an unexpected card with love. What the writer did this time is very dutiful.In my opinion,boys can show their respect to their parents as well as girls.They both can express their appreciation to them,because,after all,each parent has paid out too much for their children’s growth.
To celebrate Mother’s Day this year,I bought a bunch of pretty flowers with a card on it,reading,“You are the best mom that a daughter ever had.I love you,Mum
From now on,to express my love to my mother,I am going to do more housework for my beloved mother,cooking,washing,cleaning and shopping,which seem to be endless.By doing these,I will come to realize that,as a matter of fact,mum is very toilsome all the time.
四.饮食健康
指各种食物食品、汤水饮料的介绍、健康饮食、绿色食品、饮食文化、快餐、饮食习惯
与喜好、订餐与供给;健身与锻炼、保健、个人卫生、各种疾病与防治、意外事故、医疗保险,财富与健康等等。
[必备语汇]
⑴ suffer from 遭受,患上
⑵ near-sighted 近视的
⑶ physical and mental condition 生理和心理状况
⑷ feel weak(well,terrible,sick)感觉虚弱(健康/很糟/恶心)
⑸ feel stressed/depressed 感到紧张/沮丧
⑹ have a pain in ... 某处疼痛
⑺ mentally unhealthy 心理不健康的
⑻ relax oneself 自我轻松
⑼ relieve pressure 缓解压力
⑽ be optimistic/pessimistic about 对„„乐观/悲观
(11)face difficulties/setbacks with courage 勇敢面对困难/挫折
(12)go on diet 节食;proper diet恰当的饮食
(13)take three meals on time 按时吃三餐
(14)eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品
(15)(un)healthy eating habits(不)健康的饮食习惯
(16)be high/low/rich in ...„„含量高/低/丰富
(17)An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一只苹果不用看医生。(谚语)
(18)Early to bed and early to rise,make a man healthy,wealthy and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。(英国谚语)
[即时练习]
读写任务:阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
With up to a third of Chinese college graduates unable to get a job the number of suicides is soaring.
Chinese student Liu Wei who,consumed with guilt about her parents financial sacrifices,took her own life.
For Miss Liu,the daughter of poor farmers,a degree was to be her passport out of a life of poverty,a way to escape working in the fields,or toiling as a humble migrant worker in a far-off factory in southern China.
But her dream will never become reality. Deeply depressed and ashamed about her failure to find a job,Miss Liu brought her studies and her life to an premature end by drowning herself in freezing ditch water.
Miss Liu’s reaction to her predicament (困境)was extreme,but not unusual.In April,suicide was listed as the leading cause of death among students.And with one in three of this year’s
graduates unable to get a job,Miss Liu’s anxiety about finding work is shared by most students. The government has tried to calm rising anger by offering graduates positions as teachers and low-level government officials in rural areas.But few seem keen to return to the countryside from which their degrees were supposed to guarantee an escape.
[写作内容]
1.以约30词概括所阅读短文的主要内容;
2.以约120词就“面对挫折(setback)时如何保持心理健康?”发表看法,内容包括:
⑴ 请举例描述你遭遇过的挫折;
⑵ 你是怎样看待挫折的?
⑶ 请就面对挫折如何保持心理健康提出一些建议。
[写作要求]
作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
Despite the efforts made by the government,many college graduates failed to get a good job this year and felt depressed and ashamed. What’s worse,some of them committed suicide,just like Miss Liu in this report.(37 words)
范本一
I came across many setbacks in my study and life. For example,I failed in my math final exam when I was in Senior One. Knowing the result,I cried hard. I analyzed the situation and studied harder. With all my efforts and the help of others,I finally became good at math and passed many exams.
In my opinion,setbacks are harsh teachers,but the lessons we learn from them can be invaluable. When setbacks happen,we should be brave and stay optimistic. It is a good way to relieve the pain to turn to our trusted ones for comfort,see a funny movie,listen to music,or visit a beautiful place. After we cool down,maybe we can gain something out of this painful experience.(127words)
范本二
【题目要求】
假如你叫李华,你校高三同学正在开展一场讨论。讨论主题是:高三学生要不要参加体育锻炼?
请你根据下表提供的信息,给某英文报社写一封信,介绍讨论情况。
55%的学生认为 45%的学生认为 应该每天进行体育锻炼。 体育浪费时间。
可以做早操、打乒乓球、打篮球,但时间不要过长。 锻炼使人疲劳。
锻炼能增加体质,减少疾病。 运动以后很兴奋,较长时间不能复习功课。
运动使大脑休息,使复习效果更好。 运动中可能会受伤。
注意:
字数在100词左右。
Whether Students Should Take Physical Exercise
Dear Editor,
[1] I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we've had about whether students of Senior 3 should take physical exercise. 55% of the students think they should take exercise every day, such as doing morning exercises, playing ping-pong and basketball, but it shouldn't take up too much time. Proper exercise can build up one's body and reduce diseases. What's more, sports let
students' brains have a rest so that they can study effectively.
[2] On the other hand, 45% believe taking exercise is a waste of time and it is tiring. After having sports, they are much too excited for a long time to pay attention to their lessons. It's also possible to get hurt in sports.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
五.人物简介
一、写作内容
1.age,sex,birth-place,background(概况)
2.appearance,character(外表、性格)
3.education(教育背景)
4.big events in his or her life(in order of time)(经历、生平)
5.evaluation(评价)
二、写作技巧
1.介绍概况:同位语结构、分词结构,使文章简洁。如:
⑴ Sun Shuwei,a world champion in diving (一位跳水的世界冠军),is a boy of
14 from Guangdong.(同位语)
⑵ Born in Maryland,USA in 1985 (他1985年出生于美国马里兰州),Michael
Phelps is a famous swimmer.(分词短语)
2.描写外貌:巧用with短语。如:
My history teacher is a beautiful woman,with long hair and big eyes (她长
着两只大眼睛,留着长发).
3.生平事迹:尽量用复合句、并列句、非谓语动词短语和倒装等高级语句。如:
⑴ In his life,he got many honours,one of which is the 2005 CCTV Moving
China Award (其中包括获得“2005感动中国年度人物”的称号).(定语从句)
⑵ In 2006,having broken the world record and got the gold medal (在他打破世
界纪录并获得金牌之后),he became the idol of the youth.(分词短语)
⑶ Not only does he show interest in science (他不但对科学极有兴趣),but also
he has a gift for music.(倒装句式)
4.评价:尽量运用短语。如:
Lei Feng set an good example to us(给我们树立了一个良好的榜样),so all the
people show great respect to him (很敬重他).
[即时练习]
假设你是李华,正在美国参加学习,课堂上老师要求你简要介绍我国的名人,你选择了姚明和刘翔,两位体育明星,他们的基本情况如下:
[写作要求]只能使用五个句子表达全部内容(开头已经为你写好)。
参考词汇:火箭队 Rocket;110米栏110-metre hurdling, the Athens Olympic Games
Hi,everyone.I would like to introduce two famous sport stars,Yao Ming and Liu
Xiang.
That’s all.Thank you!
范本:
Hi,everyone. I would like to introduce two famous sport stars,Yao Ming and Liu Xiang.Yao Ming,born in Shanghai in 1980,is a world famous basketball player. He is now one of the best players in Team Rocket in NBA,and he has been in AllStar Team for several times. Liu Xiang,who was also born in Shanghai but three years younger than Yao Ming,is a world champion in the 110-metre hurdle. He won the first prize in the Athens Olympic Games and broke the world record soon after that. Both of them love music;Yao Ming likes listening to pop music while Liu Xiang likes singing. That’s all. Thank you!
六.地点简介
简介一个地方,常常会用到以下一些表达:
位置:be located/lie;in the center of/in the east of/to the east of/on the west of...
历史:have/with a long history of
人口:have/with a population of
面积:cover/have/with an area of...
环境:with green hills and beautiful rivers
气候:neither too cold nor too hot,the climate varies from place to place
物产:be rich in/be high in,a place rich in,a city with much industry,mainly grow crops,keep
sheep
特色:be famous/well known for
名胜景观:mountainous areas,a place with many tourists attractions,places of interest
[即时练习]
请根据下图及下表所给的信息,用英语介绍斐济。
国名: 斐济群岛共和国(The Republic of The FiJi Islands)
地理位置: 太平洋的中心,新西兰的北部,澳大利亚的西北部
陆地面积: 1.8万平方公里
首都: 苏瓦(Suva)
人口: 大约86.1万
官方语: 言英语
气候: 气候温和,阳光充足,年平均气温为22℃~30℃
国庆节: 每年10月10日
交通: 水、陆、空便利,太平洋群岛的交通中心
[写作要求]
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
范本
Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean,the Republic of The FiJi Islands is situated to the north of New Zealand and northwest of Australia with a land area of 18,376 square kilometers.
Fiji,whose capital is Suva,has a population of 861,000 and the official language is English.It has a warm climate with plenty of sunshine and the average temperature ranges from 22℃ to 33℃.National day falls on October 10th every year.With the convenient sea,land and air transportation,it is the traffic center of the Pacific islands.
七.世界环境
指对人口增长(popu1ation growth)、土地(land)、粮食、住房(housing)、污染(pollution)、环境保护(environmental conservation)等问题发表意见。就公共场所吸烟、随地吐痰、随地扔纸屑、课本资料回收等发表意见。珍惜水资源、使用再生资源、实现经济等的可持续发展、创建绿色学校。
[必备词汇]
⑴ plant trees 植树
⑵ sort rubbish 垃圾分类
⑶ protect the ecology 保护生态
⑷ save energy/water节约能源/水
⑸ go green生产或使用绿色产品
⑹ protect the environment 保护环境
⑺ ride bicycles to work 骑自行车上班
⑻ develop renewable resources可再生资源
⑼ fight against pollution 与污染作斗争
⑽ sustainable development 可持续发展
(11) eco-friendly products 生态友好的产品
(12) deal with rubbish properly正确处理垃圾
(13) recycle textbooks/trash 课本/垃圾回收利用
(14) ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟
(15) improve our living conditions 改善居住条件
(16) keep the balance of nature 保持自然界的平衡
(17) stop/keep/prevent sb.from doing 阻止某人做
(18) ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋
(19) don’t litter/spit everywhere 不随地扔垃圾/吐痰
(20) make rational use of water resources 合理利用水资源
(21) take good care of our forests/ farmland 保护森林/耕地
(22) green/clean energy/products/school 绿色能源/产品/学校
(23) reduce the use of single serving packages/containers/chopsticks 减少使用一次性包装/容器/筷子
[即时练习]
读写任务:阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Lakes,rivers and the air in many places in China are still polluted,some seriously,in spite of continuous efforts to control pollution,a Chinese environmental official said on Tuesday.
Zhang Lijun,Deputy Minister of Environmental Protection,said environmental protection departments across the country should press enterprises harder on pollution control.
The quality of the water sampled in almost a quarter of the monitoring stations set up along major rivers and in 28 major lakes averaged at level VI,which is too polluted to be used even for farm irrigation, while the air quality of 39.5 percent of 320 cities of prefecture level and above averaged level Ⅲ or worse,according to a document circulated at the meeting.
The Ministry of Environmental Protection was considering a policy to deprive polluting enterprises from enjoying favorable treatment in subsidies and taxation,usually given by investment-seeking local governments.
Last year,156 projects with a total investment of 473.7 billion yuan (US$69.28 billion) failed environmental evaluations due to potentially high energy consumption and pollution emissions,including many chemical and coal-burning plants.
In 579 projects that passed the evaluation,with a total investment of 2.4 trillion yuan,clean production technology and facilities had been used to ensure the reduction of pollutants,such as sulfur dioxide,Zhang said.(211 words)
[写作内容]
1.以约30词概括所阅读短文的主要内容;
2.以约120词就“经济的可持续发展”发表看法,内容包括:
⑴ 请举例描述许多工厂或企业为了经济利益不顾环保;
⑵ 你对这些工厂或企业的看法;
⑶ 请就“发展经济不应以牺牲环境为代价”展开论述。
[写作要求]
作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
[评分标准]
概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。
As lakes,rivers and air in most places are still seriously polluted,Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection is considering a policy to urge the enterprises to take measures to stop pollution.(31 words)
范本:
To make a greater profit and save the expenses on environment facilities,many factories go against the law of protecting the environment. Some of them pour dirty waste water directly into
21 / 21
rivers,making the rivers not only undrinkable but also unusable. Others release poisonous gases into the air,causing residents to suffer a lot.
In my opinion,economic development should not be at the expense of the environment. Sustainable development should be adopted.
Without a sustainable environment,a country’s raw natural resources will be greatly reduced. Furthermore,without a healthy environment,how are people supposed to live? Therefore,stop doing such things that benefit us now but hurt us later. We don’t want future generations to suffer for our benefit.(120 words)