结尾的写法
做让步,举出确实自己的观点不能以偏概全。
欲扬先抑的手法在中文作文中也是非常推崇的一种写法,在你要对别人表达自己的观点自己的看法的时候,先说出确实自己的想法不是可以概括所有情况的,举出一小段的例子说明让步部分,使得文章更为生动。然而在这里需要证明的是,让步段之后必须要有解决方法,也就是说,这段里面,你讲到了不得不承认怎样怎样,然而到段末一定要用自己最开始的想法和观点再把让步段的问题解决掉
优点:考生可以只想出两个理由,再想出一个反面理由做为让步。
缺点:有时候让步段会不小心的喧宾夺主,让读者读起来觉得让步段似乎更有说服力一些。而且如果没有把让步段的问题解决掉,文章中心会很模糊。
例子:It is better to have outdoor activities than to have indoor activities.
Agree. Outdoor activities are superior although they have some drawbacks.
SP1.Outdoor activities improve health.
SP2. Outdoor activities are more exciting.
SP3.Admittedly,outdoor activities might have one or two downsides. For instance, some of them can be dangerous. It is not unheard of that hikers get lost in the wildness or suffer from fatal accidents. However, as long as people avoid extremely dangerous places and take more care, I don’t think there will be much to be worried about.
※No.3 有例外的情况。找出一个例外情况,但是为了确保自己的观点依旧站得住,这个例外情况必须在自己的观点中,是不成立的。
这个手法经常和上面的让步混为一谈,其实两者是有本质上的区别的。让步的观点中,是要用自己的观点去解决让步段,使得让步段中的那个特殊情况不再特殊,完全有解决的方针。 而在有例外的情况中,是在自己说了自己的观点之后,再举出一个通俗易懂的例外,然而在你的观点之下,这个例外完全是不成立的,也就是说,没有任何击败你的观点的力量。 优点:写过例外之后不必考虑解决方法,直接结尾。
缺点:和NO.2类似。
※No.4 分情况讨论,有的时候一个话题并不是立意特别鲜明,需要从各个层次剖析才有一个比较公正的评论的时候,分情况讨论就会出场。
优点:字数不会再是负担,从各个方面论及,会有很多思路。
缺点:如果做不到条理清晰,文章的中心论点会不清晰,给人感觉作者没有个人独到的见解。 策略:以利为主,弊做让步,或找例外。
§People should not pay for public transportation.
有例外的开头方法:Basically, I agree. Generally speaking, public transportation should be made free.
SP1: Firstly, various problems associated with cars will be relieved. Traffic jams will be reduced and air pollution will be improved.
SP2: Secondly, making public transportation free can save money for the city residents and reduce their living costs. Thus, the government can improve its supporting rates.
SP3:让步写法:Admittedly, making public transportation free might have one or two downsides. For instance, it will reduce the income of bus or subway companies, making it more expensive to operate public transportation system. As a result, it is possible that many public transportation companies will go into bankrupt. As long as governments give these companies special subsidies, the problem will be solved.
例外写法:On the other hand, it is worth noting that exceptions do exist. If the city has a huge population, like and extremely heavy financial burden, it is impractical for the government to make public transportation free.
议论文结尾段的写法
1.再次重申强调比较优缺点
2. 重新阐述你的立场和观点(必须写)
3. 总结你的理由或者总结在主体部分你讨论的要点
4. 发出相关议论,但不要加入新的内容,尤其不要加入主体段没有讨论过的内容
例题结尾段
In conclusion, adverting plays an essential role in society, not only making consumers well-informed buyers, but also fostering economic development. However, customers should be aware of the misleading nature of advertising.
结尾段常用句总结
总而言之,综上所述:
1.in summary 2 to sum up 3.to summarize
4.in conclusion 5. to conclude
6. in the final analysis,
7.based on all the arguments mentioned/ offered above,
8. on the basis of the above discussion,
9.taking all the factors into account/ consideration,
10. All the evidence discussed in the above supports/justifies/confirms/warrants/points to my conclusion that (an/a/ unshakable/unmistakable/sound conclusion that)…..
11.From what has been discussed above /judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely draw/reach/come to/ arrive at a conclusion that…..
辩论类讨论类结尾段常用句总结
1.Based on all the arguments mentioned above, I firmly subscribe to the notion that…
2. Having considered the respective merits of both views, I assert that…. In addition, I would suggest…, which I believe is soundly based on the above reasoning I have presented.
3. Judging from all the evidence offered, I would concede that…. (填写你不倾向的观点)Despite this, I am in favor of the opinion that… (填写你倾向的观点)Overall, I claim that …should …
4. To conclude, regarding this issue, my personal view is…. Furthermore, I would argue that it seems highly advisable for…to…
问题类结尾段常用句总结
1. On the basis of the above discussion, several factors contribute to ….I am convinced that we should take effective and immediate measures including …, …and …to address this problem.
2. In the final analysis, the causes of… are complicated; therefore, we should take a wide range of measures, including…, …and…to handle this issue before the damage caused by this trend becomes irreversible.