一般现在时和现在进行时时态对比[1]
一般现在时和现在进行时的区别
宜宾县育才中学 刘申平 一般现在时和现在进行时是两种重要时态, 通过对这两种时态进行对比我们可以更加牢固地掌握它们的用法。我们可以从以下三个方面进行对比:
一、基本用法
一般现在时一般用来表示人或物经常性或习惯性的动作或状态, 也可以用来表示人或物现在的状态或者用来表示主语现在具有的性格或能力等。现在进行时则一般用来表示现在(说话的瞬间 ) 正在发生或进行的动作或者用来表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。如:
She goes to school by bike every day. 她每天骑自行车去上学。(经常性的动作)
He can speak a little Chinese. 他会说点儿汉语。(主语现在具有的能力)
They are watching TV now. 现在他们正在看电视。(正在进行的动作)
We are working on the farm these days. 这几天我们一直在农场劳动。(现阶段发生的动作)
二、谓语动词的形式不同
一般现在时的谓语动词为:1.be动词用am / is / are这三种形式; 2.实义动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式。
现在进行时谓语动词的形式为:be(am, is, are) + 实义动词的 -ing 形式。
这两种时态的否定句和一般疑问句的变法也不同:在一般现在时中, 含be 动词的句子变否定句直接在be(am,is,are)后加not, 变一般疑问句是直接将be(am,is,are)提到句首; 含实义动词的句子变否定句和一般疑问句必须借助于助动词do 或does 。而现在进行时的句子变否定句则直接在be(am, is, are)后面加 not; 变一般疑问句是把 be(am, is, are)提到句首。如:
She doesn't go to school by bike. She goes to school by bus.她不是骑自行车去上学, 而是乘公共汽车去上学。
She isn't doing her homework now. She is watching TV.现在她没做家庭作业, 她在看电视。 -Do they often play football? 他们经常踢足球吗?
-Yes, they do. ( No, they don't.) 是的, 他们经常踢。(不, 他们不经常踢。)
-Are they playing football now?现在他们正在踢足球吗?
-Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) 是的, 他们正在踢。(不, 他们没踢。)
三、时间状语
一般现在时常与often, sometimes, always, usually等频度副词和every morning / day / week, on Wednesday, on Sundays, in the morning / afternoon / evening等时间状语连用。
现在进行时常与now, these days, at this moment等时间状语连用。句首有 Look! / Listen!等提示语时, 后面的句子也要用现在进行时。如:
We often go shopping on Sundays.我们经常在星期天去买东西。
Listen! Someone is singing an English song in the classroom. 听! 有人在教室里唱英文歌
三、写出下列动词的现在分词形式
1. work___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________
2. dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________
3. run__________ sit__________ shop__________ swim__________
4. lie__________
四、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
1. work__________ read__________ clean__________ write__________
2. teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch__________
3. go__________ do___________
4. study__________ fly__________ cry__________ play__________
5. have__________
一、选择题练习
1. Who _____ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing
2. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class. A. have B. having C. is h aving D. are having
3. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cri es
4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing
5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep
6. Tom is a worker. He _____ in a factory. His sisters _____ in a hospital.
A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works
7. Who _____ English best in your class? A. speak B. speaks C. speaking
8. Mrs Read _____ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans
9. We _____ music and often _____ to music. A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like / are listening
10. She _____ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting
11. On Sunday he sometimes _____ his clothes and sometimes _____ some shopping.
A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does
12. The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee f or it.
A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have
二、填空:
1. My father always __________(come) back from work very late.
2. The teacher is busy. He __________ (sleep) six hours a day.
3. Listen! Joan __________(sing) in the classroom. She often __________ (sing) there.
4. __________ your brother __________(know) Japanese?
5. Where __________ you __________ (have) lunch every day?
6. The girl __________(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She __________(wear) a red skirt to day.
三、写出下列动词的现在分词形式
1. work___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________
2. dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________
3. run__________ sit__________ shop__________ swim__________
4. lie__________
四、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
1. work__________ read__________ clean__________ write__________
2. teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch__________
3. go__________ do___________ photo__________
4. study__________ fly__________ cry__________ play__________
5. have__________
五、根据中文意思完成句子
1、学生们在干什么?有一些在打电话,另一些躺在沙滩上。
_____ _____ the students _____? Some _____ _____ on the phone, _____ _____ _____ on the beach.
2、“格林先生在看电视吗?” “不, 他在打扫房间。”
“_____ Mr Green _____ TV?” “_____, He _____ _____ the house.”
3、魏芳不是在读书,她在写信。
Wei Fang _____ _____ a book. She _____ _____ a letter.
4、今天天气怎么样?_____ is the weather today? 或_____ is the weather _____ today?
5、我正在通过收音机学 (learn) 英语。
I _____ _____ English on the radio.