英美概况习题答案

英国概况

8. The Capital of Wales is __B___.

A Swansea B Cardiff C Rhonda D Belfast

10. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _C____.

A the Liberal Party B the Democratic Party

C the Labour Party D the Republican Party

5. In 1653 __A___ was made Lord Protector for life.

A. Oliver Cromwell B. Charles I C. William II

11. Norman Conquest began in ___B__.

A. 1016 B. 1066 C. 1035

16. Charles I was beheaded in ___A__.

A. 1649 B. 1648 C. 1653

17. It was __A___ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.

A. Edward I B. Henry IV C. Simon de Montfort

21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a __A___.

A. coup d’état B. racial slaughter C. peasant rising

22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the ___A__.

A. factory of the world B. expansion of markets C. social upheaval

25. The Great Charter was signed by __C___ in 1215.

A. King Henry II B. King Richard C. King John

26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to ___C__ in England.

A. grow B. flourish C. decline D. end

30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as __B___.

A. the Wars of Roses B. the Hundred Years’ War C. Peasant Uprising

31. In the first half of 17th century __B___ grow rapidly in England.

A. feudalism B. capitalism C. Catholicism

41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was passed. ___C__ began in England.

A. The Constitutional Monarchy B. All Estates Parliament C. House of Lancaster

53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to ____A_.

A. 1756, 1763 B. 1713, 1720 C. 1754, 1761

C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells

填空

10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.

11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.

12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.

13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.

14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.

15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.

18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.

25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.

26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.

32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.

33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.

34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.

35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.

36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.

37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.

38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.

39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.

Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Glorious Revolution Paris 1840 Chartered feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector

Political System

1. The British Monarchy is ___C__.

A. elective B. democratic C. hereditary

2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __A___ century.

A. 17th B. 16th C. 15th

3. The __B___ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.

A. Prime Minister B. Crown C. Parliament

4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _B____.

A. the House of Commons B. the House of Lords

C. the Charmer D. the Shadow Cabinet

5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __B___.

A. the Crown B. the Cabinet C. Shadow Cabinet

6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___C__ years.

A. four B. six C. five

7. The House of Commons consists of __A___ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.

A. 651, 651 B. 535, 535 C. 635, 635

10. The _____ _A____ is the supreme administrative institution.

A. British government B. British Parliament C. Opposition D. Privy Council

11. The ___A__ is the core of leadership of the British government.

A. Cabinet B. Privy Council C. Crown

15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __A___.

A. Lord Chancellor B. Speaker C. Prime minister

16. ___B__ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.

A. The Conservative Party B. The Labour Party C. The Liberal Party.

17. It is the ___A__ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.

A. Prime Minister B. Lord President C. Speaker

28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as ____B_.

A. Roundheads B. Loyalists C. the Whigs

23. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.

24. During the Civil War, the non-Puritan Anglicans who supported the king and church were known as Cavaliers or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament were known as Roundheads or _____ _____.

25. In 1833 the Tory changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the _____ became liberals.

Conservative, Liberal loyalists, Parliament Men Conservative, Whig

Geography

12. London is situated on the River of __B___. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey

13. Edinburgh is the capital of __B___. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales

33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except ___D__.

A. final unification of England B. foundation of aristocracy

C. great administrative progress D. some peculiarities of dialect

34. About __A___ percent of the population live in cities or towns. A. 80 B. 85 C. 90

35. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _A____ million acres.

A. 30 B. 25 C. 40

36. The highest mountain in England is __C___.

A. Mt. Mourne B. Mt. Snowdon C. Mt. Seafell

37. The second largest city in England is ___B__.

A. Glasgow B. Birmingham C. Manchester

14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.

15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.

Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850

14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early __C__ century.

A. England, 14 B. England, 15 C. Italy, 14 D. Italy, 15

15. The English Civil War is also called __D___

A. the Glorious Revolution B. the Bloody Revolution

C. the Catholic Revolution D. the Puritan Revolution

16. In ____B_, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.

A. 1620, London B. 1620, Plymouth C. 1720, London D. 1720, Plymouth

17. In the 18th century, there appeared __A__ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.

A. the Industrial Revolution B. the Bourgeois Revolution

C. the Wars of the Roses D. the Religious Reformation

4．Christianity was brought to Britain____D______．

A．directly by the Roman priests B．directly by traders and soldiers

C．directly by the Pope D．indirectly by trader and soldiers

9．Magna Cater was proposed by the barons led by___B________against King John in 1215．

A． Simon de Montfort B．Langton C．Watt Tyler D．Jack Straw

12．The Doomsday Book was completed in____D______．

A．1083 B．1084 C．1085 D．1086

15．The English Renaissance was usually thought of as beginning with the accession of _____C________to the throne

A．The House of Lancaster B．The House of Plantagenet

C．The House of Tudor D．The House of Stuart

16．King John was forced to put his seal to Magna Carter_____B_____．

A．on July 9,1215 B．June 19.1215 C．June 14,1381 D．July 15,1318

17．The spirit of Magna Carter was_____A_____.

A．A limitation of the powers of the king B．the foundation of English liberties

C．a limitation of the powers of the barons D．an expansion of the powers of tie king

22．William，Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in B

A．1065 B．1066 C．1067 D．1068

36．The English Renaissance is said to have begun in__C_____.

A．1422 B．1478 C．1485 D．1495

41. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before__A____.

A. 1918 B. 1920 C. 1928 D. 1945

60. Parliament has the following functions except__C____.

A. making law B. authorizing taxation and public expenditure

C. declaring war and making peace D. examining the actions of the Government

65. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the__A____centuries.

A.l2th and 13th B. 13th and 14th C. 14th and 15th D. 15th and 16th

42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except __C___.

A. Yale B. Harvard C. Oxford D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _D____.

A. the American West B. the Great Plains

C. the Midwest D. the Middle Atlantic States

44. The Midwest in America’s most important ___A__ area.

A. agricultural B. industrial

C. manufacturing D. mining industry

51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by __B___.

A. James Madison B. Thomas Jefferson

C. Alexander Hamilton D. George Washington

52. On July 4, 1776, __B___ adopted the Declaration of Independence.

A. the First Continental Congress

B. the Second Continental Congress

C. the Third Continental Congress

D. the Constitutional Convention

55. President Jefferson bought __B___ from France and doubled the country’s territory.

A. New Mexico B. the Louisiana C. Kansas D. Ohio

58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and __C___ conditions.

A. economy/political B. social/political

C. economy/social D. political/cultural

60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to ―save American _D____.‖

A. economy B. politics C. society D. democracy

11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.

12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported _______.

13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.

33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.

34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.

11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 33. further education, high education

34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th

美国概况

1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except __C___.

A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson

C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin

2 The New Deal was started by __A___.

A Franklin Roosevelt B J.K. Kennedy

C George Washington D Thomas Jefferson

3 The United States was rated __C___ in the world in terms of land areas.

A second B third C fourth D fifth

5 The Bill of Rights consists of __C___.

A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment

B 10 amendments adopted in 1787

C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791

D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion

8 The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from _D____.

A George Washington B Thomas Jefferson

C John Adams D John Locke

9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if ___C__.

A Washington D.C. B San Francisco C New York D Chicago

10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states__D___.

A according to their population

B according to their size

C according to their tax paid to federal government

D equally

1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。

2 A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。

3 C, 就面积而言， 美国是世界第四大国。

5 C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。

8 D, 美国的许多政治观念都是来源于英国著名哲学家约翰•洛克。

9 C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区， 也是纽约的中心地带。

10 D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表，与各州人口无关和众议院不同）。

4 The U.S. is called a ―melting pot‖ because __D___.

A its steel industry is highly developed

B it has great influence on the world

C it is an important economic center of the world

D people from different races live there together

5 The first Puritans came to America on the ship __C___.

A Codpeed B Susan Constant C May Flower D Discovery

美国政治体制练习（转）

1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _A___.

A. the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President

2. The general election in America is held every __B___ years.

A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3

3. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is __A___.

A. donkey B. elephant C. eagle

4. ___B__ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.

A. The Cabinet B. The Supreme Court

C. President D. Congress

5. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _B____.

A. tiger B. elephant C. donkey

6. The political system of the US is based on the following except _B____.

A. federalism B. the constitutional monarchy

C. the separation of powers D. respect for the constitution

E. the rule of law

11. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is __B___.

A. the Supreme Court B. the Congress

C. the Cabinet D. the president’s committee

14. The members in the Senate must be at least ___B__ years old and those in the Representative _____ years old.

A. 40, 30 B. 30, 26 C. 30, 25

19. If the president wants to put a treaty into effect, he has to get the approval by two thirds of the __A___.

A. Senate B. Cabinet C. Congress

I. Fill in the Blanks

1. Only the _____ _____ has the right to interpret the constitution.

2. There are _____ voting members in the House of Representatives.

3. Each of the fifty states of US elects _____ senators.

4. There are _____ judges in the Supreme Court of America.

7. The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the ―System of _____ and _____‖.

8. The _____ determines the government and divides the power of the government into three branches.

14. The president who was first assassinated in 1865 was _____ _____.

15. The American Congress is made up of two houses: the _____ and the House of _____.

16. In the US the chief function of _____ is to make laws.

17. The Democratic Party grew out of the _____.

20. The head of he House of Representatives is called the _____.

Supreme Court 435 2 9 Checks, Balance Constitution Abraham Lincoln Senate Congress Speaker

美国社会生活练习

17. American Independence Day fall on _A____.

A. the 4th of July B. October 31st C. March 20th

18. Halloween is a ___B__.

A. summer festival B. night-time festival

C. sweethearts’ holiday D. pilgrims holiday

23. In the US about ___A__ of all the property is in the possession of one-tenth of the population.

A. half B. one third C. two thirds

27. The outstanding characteristic of American society is the diversity of __C___.

A. climate B. industry C. people

6. A _____.is a kind of sandwich made with ground beef that is fried and put into a bun.

7. A cheese burger is a hamburger with melted _____.

8. The coffee without cream or sugar is called _____ coffee.

12. _____ is the most popular American drink.

13. The most typical and true national holiday in the US is _____ _____.

14. Americans have great admiration for the _____ man.

15. American children suffer most for their parents’ _____.

16. The American’s favourite meat is _____.

17. The peculiarity of American history made the American spirit of _____ come into being. This spirit is reflected in many aspects of American life.

hamburger cheese black coffee Thanksgiving Day self-made divorce steak do-it-yourself

美国历史 练习（转）

2. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except ___D__.

A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado

3. __B___ was the first man who sailed around the earth.

A. John Cabot B. Magellan C. Balboa D. Cartier

14. The pamphlet ―Common Sense‖ was written by __B___.

A. Thomas Edison B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson

31. The first American President from the Republic Party is __A___.

A. Abraham Lincoln B. Andrew Johnson

C. Thomas Jefferson D. George Washington

32. In 1918 President __A___ issued the ―Fourteen Points‖.

A. Woodrow Wilson B. William H. Taft

C. Theodore Roosevelt D. Warren G. Harding

35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh ___C__ persecution of the progressive people.

A. religious B. spiritual C. political

36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the ___A__.

A. blacks B. Indians C. progressive people

54. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called __B___.

A. Eisenhower Doctrine B. Marshall Plan

C. Truman Doctrine

55. The _C____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.

A. Vietnam War B. Cold War C. Korean War

56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the __C___.

A. Germany B. Japan C. Soviet Union

60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called ___C__ to save the economic situation.

A. Good Neighbour B. the Open Door Policy

C. the New Deal

66. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located ___A__ seaboard.

A. the eastern B. the western C. the northern

73. The city’s name ―Philadelphia‖ means __A___.

A. brotherly love B. fishing pit C. philosophy

14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.

17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.

26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.

43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.

53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _____ _____ _____.

54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.

55. ―I know not what course others may take, but for me, give me liberty or give me death.‖ This was said by _____ _____.

Cold War 19th second Apollo Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry

Define the Following Terms

1. The Boston ―Tea Party‖

2. The Westward Movement

3. The Civil Rights Movement

4. The Atlantic Charter

5. The ―Open Door Policy‖

6. The Cairo Declaration

7. The Marshall Plan

Answer the Following Questions

1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.

2. What success did Washington’s administration achieved?

3. Abraham Lincoln is usually regarded as the fulfillment of the ―American Dream‖. Why?

4. What was Roosevelt’s role in the Second World War?

美国文化练习（转）

17. ___A__ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.

A. Sinclair Lewis B. Saul Bellow C. Ernest Hemingway

18. Yale University was founded in _A____.

A. 1701 B. 1746 C. 1749

20. ___C__ belonged to the Lost Generation.

A. Ernest Hemingway B. Wilt Whitman C. Tennessee Williams

32. The most influential newspapers are the following except __D___.

A. New York Times B. Washington Post

C. Los Angeles Times D. Wall Street Journal

36. Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by ___A__.

A. Negroes B. Indians C. Europeans

37. The Father of American literature was _B____.

A. Mark Twain B. Washington Irving C. Walt Whitman D. Jack London

Fill in the Blanks

33. Two-year college were originally called ―_____ colleges‖, but now they are called ―_____ colleges‖.

34. A four-year college is often called a ―_____ _____ college‖ or a ―college of _____ and _____‖.

35. One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or ―credit hours‖, or ―_____‖.

38. Jazz music developed out of the music of the early American _____.

39. _____ _____ was considered the father of American literature.

40. Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.

41. _____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L. Clements.

42. Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.

43. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered _____ _____’s masterpiece.

44. Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.

Junior Community liberal arts,arts,science points Negroes Washington Irving

Mark Twain Leaves Grass Mark Twain lost

American Survey Test: geography

Scarlet Letter

1. The ___b__ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.

A. eastern B. western C. northeastern

2. In eastern ___a__ lies Death Valley, 85 metres below sea level.

A. California B. Utah C. Arizona

3. In the west of the __a___ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.

A. Rocky Mountain B. Coast Range C. Cascades Mountains

4. The __a___ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia Plateaus

A. Great Basin B. Colorado Valley C. Great Plains

5. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of __c___.

A. California B. Arizona C. Wyoming

6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern __A___, which is cut by the Colorado River.

A. Arizona B. Utah C. Montana

7. Among the five Great Lakes, only ___C__ is wholly within the United States.

A. Erie B. Superior C. Michigan

8. Only the climate in the southern part of ___A__ is tropical.

A. Florida B. Georgia C. Virginia

9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _A____ river.

A. Potomac B. Delaware C. St. Laurence

10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about __B___ metres and the drop average _____ metres.

A. 1650, 50 B. 1240, 49 C. 1540, 49

11. __B___ part is the most densely populated region in America.

A. The southern B. The northeastern C. The western

12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern __D___.

A. Idaho B. Arizona C. Nevada D. Utah

13. __A___ has been called the ―cradle of American Liberty‖.

A. Philadelphia B. Plymouth C. Boston

14. About ___A__ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.

A. half B. one third C. two thirds

15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount __B___.

A. Appalachian B. McKinley C. Rocky

16. Mount McKinley lies in the ___C__ Range.

A. Sierra Nevada B. Cascades C. Alaska

17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except ___C__.

A. New York B. San Francisco C. Miami

18. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake __A___.

A. Superior B. Ontario C. Victoria

19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of ___B__.

A. Erie and Michigan B. Erie and Ontario C. Superior and Haron

20. ___A__ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.

A. 1/4 B. 1/5 C. 1/3

21. Texas, having belonged to __C___, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.

A. France B. Russia C. Mexico

22. Hawaii is in the __C___ Ocean.

A. Atlantic B. Indian C. Pacific

23. The American black population consists of __A___ of the total population.

A. 1/10 B. 1/5 C. 1/9

24. __C___ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.

A. Florida B. Louisiana C. Alaska

25. The United States today is the ___C__ largest country in size in the world.

A. third B. fifth C. fourth

26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except __C___.

A. Atlantic Coast B. Pacific Coast C. Northwest

D. around the Great Lakes E. Gulf of Mexico

27. There are ___B__ river systems in the U.S.A.

A. 8 B. 3 C. 6

28. Detroit is famous for the production of __A___.

A. automobile B. timber C. bamboo

29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _B____.

A. East B. West C. Northeast D. Southwest

30. The city ___B__ is given the nickname ―Space City of U.S.A.‖.

A. Boston B. Houston C. San Francisco

31. The __B___ were the original inhabitants in America.

A. blacks B. Indians C. Puerto Ricans

32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of __A___, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.

A. Pittsburgh, 60 B. Chicago, 50 C. New York, 60

33. The largest industrial city in America is __A___.

A. Chicago B. Boston C. Houston

34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to __C___.

A. subtropical B. continental C. tropical

35. ¬___C__ is famous for many stores and shops.

A. Wall Street B. Broadway C. Fifth Avenue

36. In __A___ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.

A. Philadelphia B. St. Louis C. San Francisco

37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, ___B__.

A. Maine B. Massachusetts C. Connecticut

38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _C____.

A. the Gulf B. the Atlantic C. the Pacific

I. Fill in the blanks

1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.

2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.

3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.

4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.

5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.

6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.

7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.

8. The western part of the central plain is also called the ―_____ _____‖.

9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.

10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.

11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.

12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.

13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.

14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.

15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.

16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.

17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.

18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the ―_____ _____‖.

19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.

20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.

21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.

22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.

23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.

24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.

25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.

26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.

27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.

28. The Death Valley is _____ metres below sea level.

29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.

30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.

31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.

32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state of the U.S.A.

33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.

34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.

35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.

36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.

37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.

38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.

39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.

40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.

I

I. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABC

II.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Yellowstone Great Plains

Great, Mexico Death

Valley Colorado Valley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada 50 centimeter Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New York Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California Industrial

Explain the Following Terms

William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated King Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.

It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered. Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials to compile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on Judgment Day.

King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties, its spirit was the limitation of the king’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land. It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries. Joan of Arc

She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ War. She successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.

It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences. In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly. The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began. The present Sovereign, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society. The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States They are Lake superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan (the only one entirely in the U.S.), Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.The Great Lakes are the economic lifeline of the Midwest, they provide cheap transportation for material Industrial Revolution

It refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The consequences of the Industrial Revolution are: Britain was by 1830 the ―workshop of the world‖; and mechanization grew rapidly and became the source of the nation’s wealth. The Constitution of the United States, the oldest written constitution in the world, is the basic instrument of American.

Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a ―melting pot,‖ meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.

Answer the following questions

What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.

Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death? —— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.

What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest? ——The Norman Conquest of 1066 is one of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with

a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts.

What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter? —— The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.

What are the main functions of Parliament? —— The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to provide the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3) to examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure; (4) to debate the major issues of the day.

What is meant by the term “welfare state” in Britain? —— The welfare state is a system of government by which the state provides the economic and social security of its citizens through its organization of health services, pensions and other facilities. The system is funded out of national insurance contributions and taxation. In Britain the term applies mainly to National Health Service (NHS), national insurance and social security.

What are some of the characteristics of American education?

(1) Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education. (2) Public educations is free and compulsory. (3) Diversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. (4)Education is a function of the states, not the federal government.

What are geographic features of Britain?

Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It’s separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and North Sea in the east.

The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands, and the east and south east are mostly lowlands.

What are the features of British climate?

Britain has a maritime climate. Winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range. The climate in Britain is mainly influenced by three features.

1. The surrounding waters tend to balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling off relatively and slowly they bring

warm air in winter and cool air in summer.

2. The prevailing winds blow over the country all the year round, bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperature moderate.

3. The North Atlantic Ocean Drift, which is a warm drift, passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.

What was the impact of the Vietnam War-on American society? —— The Vietnam War had a great impact on American society. (1) The United States was weakened as a result of the long war. (2) American society had never been so divided since the Civil War. (3) There was serious disagreement with in the ruling circle. (4) The image of the United States, especially the image of the American armed forces, was discredited.

Who was McCarthy and what was McCarthyism? —— Joseph R. McCarthy was U.S. Senator. He started his campaign by saying on Feb. 9, 1950 that he had the names of over 200 Communists in the State Department. His campaign of accusation and anti-Communist hysteria was called McCarthyism.

What are the functions of the Congress? —— The Congress has many functions, but the most central is the passage of law. One of the most important non-legislative functions of the Congress is the power to investigate. A second important power is to compel testimony from unwilling witness and to cite for contempt of Congress witness who refuse to testify, and for perjury those who give false testimony.

Why did the Civil War break out?

In the early 1800s, the Northern states turned from farming to manufacturing. Black slavery soon disappeared in the North. But the South expanded both its agriculture and its slavery. The problem of slavery became a serous political issue and finally caused the war broke out on April 12, 1861.

What sports were introduced by the British?

Many international sports were introduced by the British. Such as football, rugby, cricket, tennis, golf, badminton, snooker, squash and curling.

What were the causes of the War of Independence? —— The economy in the thirteen colonies developed very fast and people wanted more power to determine their own business. But the policy of the British government was to bring the development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies. On April 19, 1775, on their way to Concord to seize the military supplies of the militia there, the British soldiers met armed militiamen. The shots were fired, the War of Independence began