英文中的拉丁文词汇

1.  vs. versus, turn against, usually denotestwo opposing teams or persons对，对抗（常指对立的双方或个人）

e.g.In the college volleyball tournament, the most excitingmatch was the English Department vs. the Biology Department; thecompetition was quite high.

学院大学生排球赛中，英语系对生物系最精彩；竞争非常激烈。

2.  p.a. per annum, through each year,referring to an item such as a tax or a benefit which occurs eachyear 每年，整一年（指每年的税收或收益）

e.g.Mrs. Brandt received about ＄500 p.a. from her annuitypolicy.

布兰特夫人的年金保险收入大约每年500镑。

3.  mega culpa, my fault, my blame, said toexpress that one takes the blame for a misstate我的过错（表达对自己的错失或感到羞愧）

e.g.The hostess was so ashamed when the guest bed collapsed thatshe must have said, “mega culpa” a dozen times, even though it wasnot necessarily her adult.

客人的床塌了，女房东如此羞愧，尽管不一定怪她，但她还是左一遍右一遍地重复“我的过失，我的错”。

4.  p.s. post scriptum, after the writing,added on a letter after the formal closing 附言，又及（信件正式结尾后附加的字句）

e.g.After she had already signed her name to the letter’sclosing, Betty added a p.s. which said, ‘Please let me know exactlywhen you will arrive.’

贝蒂在信的结尾签名后，又加附言说“请告知你到达的确切时间”。

5.  vice versa, turns against, the other sidewhich turns, usually denotes the other side of a question or idea反之亦然（常指某一问题或观点的另一面）

e.g.Kathy Brown is well-liked by others because she’s veryhappy; or, vice versa, she is happy because she’s well-liked.

凯西·布朗因为生活幸福而受众人喜爱，反过来说也一样，她受众人喜爱也很幸福。

6.  A.D. anno domini, the year of the Lord,traditionally, dating from the beginning of the Christian Era公元（习惯上自耶稣降生之年起计）

e.g.The involvement of the United States of American in theSecond World War is usually dated from 7 December 1941 A.D., thedata of the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

美国卷入第二次世界大战时在公元1941年12月7日，即日本轰炸夏威夷珍珠港之日。

7.  a.m. ante meridiem, before the middle, atime indicator meaning before the midday hour of 12:00 noon.午前，上午（中午12点之前的时间）

e.g.The English classes begin promptly at 9:00 a.m.; the teacheralways dismisses us in time to go to lunch at 12 noon.

上午9点准时上英语课，教师总是在12点下课让我们去吃午饭。

8.  bon voyage, good trip, a parting expressingsaid to a traveler 一帆风顺，一路平安（对旅行者道别所言）

e.g.Many members of the family went to the airport to wish theWalkers ‘bon voyage’when they left on their trip.

当沃克一家离家旅行时，家族中许多成员到机场送行，祝他们旅途顺风。

9.  cf. confer, compare or bring together, usedto indicate to the reader other information, found elsewhere in areference work, which will add further knowledge on a certainsubject 参看，试比较（用于指示读者参考在书中别处出现的其他资料，以增加某一学科的知识）

e.g.In the text of an important reference work, the student mayoften see a footnote which says something like: ‘*cf. p.147,paragraph three, for further information;’this helps the student tofind out more about the subject he or she is studying.

一本重要的参考书课文中，学生常可看到“详解参看第147页第三段”之类的脚注，这有助学生对他或她所研究的资料有更多的认识。

10.  e.g. exempli gratia, for the sake of anexample, 例如，举例，作为例子

e.g.New students are always given an orientation on the firstday of school to acquaint them with the rules and regulations;e.g., students are required to pay a laboratory fee if they arestudying biology or chemistry.

新生到校第一天都发给一份学生守则，以使他们了解规章制度，例如：学习生物或化学的学生必须缴纳试验费。

11.  cogito ergo sum: I think, therefore, Iexist. 我思，故我在。

e.g.The Seventeenth Century French philosopher, Descartes, wrotethe Latin phrase, cogtio ergo sum, as essential to hisphilosophical system; Descartes believed that because a human beingcan think, that is proof of his existence.

17世纪法国哲学家笛卡尔用拉丁文写下“我思，故我在。”的句子，这一点对他的哲学体系是很重要的。笛卡尔认为只要一个人能思考，就证明他的存在。

12.  c.v.: curriculum vitae, the running of alife, a list of the pertinent facts of one’s life, such aseducation and employment history, sometimes called a dossier.履历，简历（人一生的有关联的事实，诸如所受教育和工作经历的列表，有时也称档案）

e.g.When you go to your job interview, be sure to include yourcomplete c.v. with your application.

当你去作工作面试时，切记讲述你完整的简历和申请。

e.g.When I applied to enter the post-graduate program at theuniversity, I had to send the registrar’s office my c.v. along withthe request for scholarship information.

我在大学申请读研究生时，必须将我的简历和索要奖学金方面资料的申请一并寄到登记处。

13.  etc. et cetera, and the others等等及其他（指物）

e.g.The group of friends who planned the beach picnic toldeveryone to bring plenty of food: sandwiches, salad, chips, sweets,drinks, etc.

计划海滩野餐的那帮朋友告诉每个人带足食物：三明治、色拉、薯条、糖果、饮料等。

e.g.The professor told the class that we should never use theabbreviation etc. in a formal essay; any information which isimportant should be added rather than assumed.

教授告诉我们全班学生，在正式论文中绝不能用etc.这个缩略词；任何重要内容都要加上去而不是让人去猜想。

14.  i.e.: id est, that is, in other words即，换言之

e.g.The teacher told the class that she would hold extrasessions for the purpose of reviewing the semester’s outsidereading; i.e., if we wanted to understand more about the coursebefore the final examination, we would have the opportunity.

老师说了帮助复习本学期的课外阅读内容，她将加上几节课，即如果我们想在期末考试前更好地掌握这门可的话，我们还有机会。

e.g.Each class in the animal kingdom has certain characteristicsin common; i.e., all birds bear their young by laying by layingeggs rather than live births.

动物界的每一纲都有某些共同的特征，亦即所有鸟类都以卵生而不是胎生来繁衍后代。