高中形容词副词用法

一．形容词副词的作用与位置

形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词动词。其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下几种特殊情况，须牢记：

1. 形容词短语作定语，定语后置。

Eg: a language difficult to master

A leaning tower about 180 feet high

2. 表语形容词 （afraid, alike, alone, asleep, awake, alive等）作定语，定语后置如 a man alive

有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well, faint, ill只作表语。Sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为 “bad”

3.形容词用作定语， 修饰不可代词通常后置。

4. else 常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。

5. enough, nearly 等修饰名词前置或后置均可。但enough 修饰形容词。副词时必须后置。

6. 几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序比较灵活，一般是：方式—地点-时间。 We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.

7. 频度副词often, always, usually 等放在be 之后，行为动词前。

8. 副词作定语，定语后置

The people there are friendly

9. 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序。

限定词 （冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词）

数 （序数词、基数词）

行 （大小、长短、形状）

记住：限-数-描-形-新-颜-国-材 + 名词

The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge.

一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶

A nice big new Chinese china vase

二．形容词与副词的比较等级

1.原级的构成和用法

构成 ：形容词、副词的原级即本身

用法：表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面

相等时用 as +原级+as

不等时用 not so/as +原级+as

倍数用 倍数+as+原级+as

Eg: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.

This building looks not so/as high as that one.

Miss Liu speaks English as fluently as you.

This room is three times as large as that one.

2. 比较级和最高级的构成。

1．）规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级

2） 不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。

Good/well bad/ill many/much little far od

二．比较级的用法

1. 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构

This picture is more beautiful than that one.

2. 表示一方不及另一方时，用less+原级+than结构

This room is less beautiful than that one.

3. 表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, yet, by far等修饰

He works even harder than before

注意：by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者中间加the.

He is taller by far than his brother.

He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

4. 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时， 用the+比较级（主语+谓语）the+比较级结构（越…越…）

The harder he works, the happier he feels.

5. 不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用比较级+and+比较级结构。 The girl becomes more and more beautiful.

The weather is getting colder and colder.

6. 某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较级时，用to 代替than. 这些词有inferior（劣等的。次的）superior, junior (资历较浅的)，senior.

He is superior to Mr Zhang in chemistry.

7. 倍数表达法

A. is +倍数the size (height/length/width/depth) of B

A is +倍数+ as….asB

A is +倍数+比较级than B

注意：times 表示三倍以上，两倍用twice/double

三．最高级的用法

1. 三者或三者以上比较，表示最高程度时，用the+最高级的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示范围的介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.

He works (the) hardest in his class.

2. 最高级可被序数词以及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really,

Nothing like(没有什么能比的上)

This hat is by far the biggest.

How much did the second most expensive hat cost?

3. 表示最高程度的形容词，如 excellent, extreme, perfect等没有最高级，也没有比较级

4. 形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省。 He is the tallest boy in his class.

四．由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语

1. as much as+不可数名词数量。如

each stone weighs as much as 15 tons.

She could earn as much as ten dollars a week.

2. as many as +可数名词数量

I have as many as sixteen reference books.

3. as early as 早在

As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.

4.as far as 远道，就。。而言

we might go as far as the church and back

as far as I know, he has been there before.

5. may/might as well 不妨，不如

Then you might as well stay with us here.

6. as…as sb can be 到了最，，的程度，极其

They are as unreliable as they can be (他们极其不可信)

7. as…as one can= as … as possible (尽某人可能)

He began to run as fast as he could

五．几组重要的词语辨析

1. very 和much 的区别

可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very不用much

表示状态的过去分词前用very

A very frightened boy, a very tired child

以 ing, ed 结尾的分词多用much, very much, greatly 修饰

We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.

Too前用much 或 far， 不用very

You are much/far/a lot too nice.

修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very, 而用quite, completely, well, entirely等修饰

Quite wrong/mistaken/sure completely dead quite impossible quite perfect 六请区分下列词组

1. more than 不只是 （=not only）

Miss Li is more than a teacher, she is our best friend

2. more than + 数词，多于，超过相当于over

There are over/more than 70 students in our class

3. more…than… 与其说，不如说

He is more diligent than clever

4. more than极其地，非常地

They are more than satisfied

5. sth is more than +从句 （此事非某人所能）

This problem is more than I can solve

This is more than I can say.

6. more than one 不只一个（谓语动词用单数）

more than once 不只这一次

More than one person ____ this secret.

7. more than

not more than 不超过，至多 = at the most

no more than 仅仅，和。。一样多

no more… than 两者同样不 not more … than 前者不如后者，不比。。更

8. less than (少于) not less than (不少于)= at least

9. no less than (和，，一样多)=as much as

no fewer than 和 一样多 no worse than 和 一样好 no better than 和 一样坏 no richer than 和 一样穷 no later than 和 一样早

高考再现 ADABBDDDBDDCACB

1. This ____girl is Linda’s cousin.

A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish

2. Mr Smith owns ____ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.

A. large B. a larger C. the larger D. a large

3. Mary can’t speak English ___ her friends, but her written work is perfect.

A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good as

4. How ____ can you finish your composition?

A. often B. soon C. long D. rapid

5. It was _____ late to catch a bus after the party; therefore we called a taxi.

A. too very B. much too C. too much D far

6. It takes us quite long to go there by ship, it’s ____ by road.

A. quick B. the quickest C. must quick D. quicker

7. _____ terrible weather we’ve been having these days?

A. How a B. What a C. How D. What

8. If there were not much pressure, we should have _____ at school

A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happier time D. a much happier time

9. Can you believe that in ____ a rich country there should be ____ many jobless people?

A. such, such B, such, so C. so, so D. so such

10. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ___ choice.

A. good B. the best C. better D. the better

11. If you are _____ about Australian cities, just read the book written by Dr. Johnson.

A. interested B. anxious C. upset D. curious

12. The teachers in our school are ____ young people between the age of twenty-five and forty.

A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most

13. She told us ____ story that we were moved to tears.

A. such a moving B. such moving a C. so a moving D. a so moving

14. After the new technology was introduced, the company produced ____cars in 2005 as the year before.

A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

15. Are you feeling _____? Yes, I’m OK now.

A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better