新目标英语八年级下册1单元笔记
新目标八年级下册Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(1)
1. fall v. 落下;跌落;变成 The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。
用法
fall用作动词时,主要有两种用法。一种是作为实义动词,可以和介词或副词搭配,表示“落下;跌落”,例如:I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一种是作为系动词,与形容词连用,表示进入某种状态,如:fall asleep 入睡(进入睡眠的状态)。fall的动词过去式是fallen。fall用作名词时,表示“落下;降低” fall还可以表示“秋天”,与autumn意思相同。
常用搭配:fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于(某人或某物)fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜爱;爱上 fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落;被绊倒
谚语:He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。
2. alone 独自地;孤独地
解析along 和lonely:
(1)alone 既可用作形容词,又可用作副词,意思是“独自的(地);单独的(地)”,侧重于说明独自一人,没有同伴或助手。alone和on one's own,by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容词时,一般与be 动词连用,在句中作表语。alone 用作副词修饰动词时,放在动词后面作状语。alone 用作副词时,也可作定语,意思是“只有;仅仅”,但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
(2)lonely只用作形容词,它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语,表示“孤独的;寂寞的”。该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定语时,意思为“孤单的;荒凉的;偏僻的”等。Lonely用作表语时,可以表示“孤寂的;寂寞的”。
常用搭配:let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物;听其自然 let alone不必考虑
谚语:An evil chance seldom comes alone. 祸不单行
3. dress 穿衣
用法
dress还可以用作名词,表示“女服;连衣裙;服装”。
辨析dress,put on 和wear:
(1)用作动词时,dress既可以表动作,也可以表状态,常用人作宾语,意思是“……穿衣服”,需要注意的是,在表示“给自己穿衣”时,我们通常说dress oneself (= get dressed);当dress表示状态时,一般要用be dressed in 结构,例如:She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。
(2)put on 意思是“穿(戴)上”,强调动作。(3)wear意思是“穿(戴)着”,强调状态。常用搭配:dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妆打扮
谚语:Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用,穿是使别人受用。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(2)
1. unpleasant 使人不愉快的;不合意的
相关词:unpleasantly adv. 厌恶地 反义词:pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
2. hundred n. the number 100; a very large number of things or people (一)百;许多(事物或人)
hundred 用于数词或含有数量意义的词之后,一般不用复数形式,例如:three hundred, a few hundred 等。但当hundred 表示“成百的;许多的”意思时,它面前不用具体数字,而常用hundreds of 结构。注意hundred 在这个结构中要用复数形式,前面可加some,a few,several等词修饰。类似的搭配还有thousands of数以千计的;许多的,millions of 数以百万计的;无数的。
谚语:To hear a hundred times is not so good as to see once. 百闻不如一见。
3. such 这(那)样的;这(那)种
辨析such 和so:
(1)such 是形容词,意思是“这(那)样的;这(那)种;如此的”,修饰名词。需要特别注意的是,such修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词。
(2)so是副词,意思是“这(那)么;这(那)样;如此地”,修饰形容词、副词和分词。同样,需要特别注意的是,so修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词。
此外,当名词前有few,many,little,much等修饰词时,要用so。例如:so many people,so few days,so much time,so little money等。
常用搭配:such as 例如 such and such 某某;这样那样的
谚语:There's no such thing as a free lunch. 世上没有免费的午餐。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(3)
1. in prep. 在……之后(用于将来时)
比较:after 在……之后(用于过去时,表示从过去某时间起一段时间之后)
He will come back in two hours. 他两小时后会回来。He came back after two hours. 他是两小时后回来的。
2. less, fewer 比较少;more 比较多
less 是little 的比较级,修饰不可数名词 fewer是few的比较级,修饰可数名词
more 是much和many的比较级 much 修饰不可数名词,many修饰可数名词
3. fall in love with ... 爱上……
4. a kind of ... 一种;some kinds of ... 几种
many different kinds of goldfish 各种不同的金鱼 (fish 单复数相同,此处是复数)
5. as well as 也;与too 同义
6. worth adj. 值……;值得……;相当于……价值 be (well) worth doing sth. (很)值得做
7. knock down ... 击倒,撞倒;拆除 knock down the pins 击倒球柱 knock down the machine 拆除机器 knock 组成的词语还有:
knock on (at) the door 敲门 knock into sb. 撞了某人 knock up 叫醒
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(4)
1. prediction n. 预言,预测 predict v. predict + that 后接从句
2. paper money
paper n. 纸,纸张,是不可数名词,如a piece of paper。
paper money 中paper是名词做定语,表材质,只用单数。newspaper n. 报纸,可数名词
3. space n. 表示“宇宙,空间时”,不可数名词;通常前面不用冠词。
4. besides prep. 除了……还;相当于as well as, in addition to。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 语言要点
1. --- What do you think Sally will be in five years? --- I think she'll be a doctor.
2. --- What do you think life will be like in 100 years? --- Every home will have a robot.
3. --- Will kids go to school?--- No, they won't. They'll study at home.
4. --- There will be fewer trees.
学校要举办My future is not a dream. 的演讲比赛,请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。
My Future is not a dream.
Future! What an exciting word!
Very often I ask myself: "What will the future be like?" Sometimes I sit at my desk, daydreaming. Could I make great achievement in the future? Will my future be a bed of rose? Can I grasp the chances when they come to me?
In ten years or more, will I be working as a scientist, a teacher or a soldier? After work, what other things can I do? Maybe I can go to many places and see the world. And I'll have more leisure hours for books. There are so many books I want to read. I'll go swimming in the real sea, and to skate on real ice!
Facing the future, I couldn't help feeling excited. As a junior middle school student, first of all I must study hard, keep fit and work well. Furthermore, I will learn English well. I'll do my best and I'm sure I'll achieve success.
I feel confident for my future.