舞蹈教育对青少年身心健康的影响研究

舞蹈作为一种美妙的艺术，在教育传统中以“美育”为教育目的，通过对青少年进行舞蹈教育，以期达到“肢体美、心灵美”的功效。由此可见，舞蹈教育不仅有助于释放压力、克服自卑、改善人际关系等心理问题的辅导，而且对青少年的生理健康也有很大裨益。本文将从舞蹈教育对青少年身心健康的实践出发，探讨舞蹈教育对青少年身心健康的作用所在。

一、舞蹈教育对青少年心理健康的影响

目前青少年心理健康问题呈现多样化，具体表现有：注意力不集中、心理脆弱、缺乏自信等问题。在行为上具体表现出：容易冲动、厌学、甚至伤人。面对青少年的心理健康问题，在加强青少年心理健康教育的同时，舞蹈教育也是治疗青少年心理健康的不错选择。舞蹈教育对青少年心理健康的影响具体如下：

（一）释放压力。舞蹈自古以来就是情感表达、情感宣泄的一种表达方式。关于舞蹈能舒缓情绪、释放压力的作用，有两种来源可以考证。一是在远古人类，人们将疾病归结于邪魔附体，通过舞蹈方式，以明快、紧张的节奏，带动全身，帮助人们驱魔去病；二是古人说人们无论表达何种情感，动作是表达的终极方式。连贯流畅的动作即组成了基础性的舞蹈，帮助人们舒缓压力。当代青少年面临的激烈的竞争，肩负着父母“望子成龙”的期望，学业压力大，又因为心智不成熟，无法正确释放压力，容易导致心理疾病。

（二）克服自卑。在青少年的成长过程中，家庭教育必不可少。父母对子女的期望颇高，所以对子女的要求十分严厉，在日常生活和学习中经常指责子女。据青少年心理专家研究指出，经常性的指责孩子，会使孩子对自己的能力产生怀疑，容易使其产生自卑心理，否定自己，无法增强自信心，尤其在青少年心理发育的关键阶段。而舞蹈可以帮助青少年克服自卑，提升自信心。舞蹈不是艺术家的专利，基础性的舞蹈就可以帮助青少年。在优美的音乐伴奏下，孩子们把一个一个舞蹈动作展现出美感，哪个动作不到位，老师会进行指导、鼓励，帮助孩子们克服挫折、战胜沮丧。当孩子们把一个个简单的动作串成一套完美的舞蹈，他们自己会发现：原来我可以做到，原来我是这么的美。舞蹈可以帮助青少年克服自卑，找回自信，帮助他们重拾积极向上的信心。

（三）改善人际关系。当前的青少年多为家中独生子女，父母多溺爱，易于形成以自我中心的意识。加上部分青少年沉迷互联网，喜欢“宅”，成为“宅男”“宅女”。这些都不利于青少年人际交往能力的提高，在与同学、老师，甚至父母交往时，往往显得人际关系不协调。舞蹈教育有利于青少年改善人际关系，提高人际交往能力。具体表现为：（1）舞蹈要求舞者敞开心扉，用心灵去感受音乐、拥抱舞蹈；（2）舞蹈需要与观众交流、需要舞者之间交流。舞者之间需要默契、信任。在舞蹈编排时，舞者们需要一起面对挫折、一起交流；当舞者共同完成舞蹈时，合作意识也就产生了。通过舞蹈，青少年会觉得和大家在一起是多么开心愉悦的一件事，不知不觉中培养了青少年的团队合作能力，增强了青少年人际交往能力。

（四）心理治疗案例。现阶段青少年学生抑郁症患者屡见不鲜，这多因为缺少关爱等多重因素导致。案例如下，萍萍从小就在自闭中长大，没有朋友陪伴，没有亲人关心，几次自杀都幸亏发现及时而侥幸抢救成功。在一次偶然路过艺术学校时，她被美妙的音乐所吸引，循声看见一群美丽的少女在舞蹈。她回忆道，当时她深深迷上了舞蹈。之后她开始进行舞蹈训练，训练过程中她慢慢体会到自己的内心情感，逐渐享受舞蹈。萍萍从此爱上舞蹈，热爱生命，她觉得是舞蹈给了她一个全新的自我，“使她得以重生”。

二、舞蹈教育对青少年身体健康的影响

（一）舞蹈有助于人体骨骼发育。舞者需经常性进行形体训练，达到体态优美，帮助舞者保持优美的体型和姿态。舞者还须进行身体素质的训练。虽然人的形体和机能由先天决定，但是研究表明，后天的锻炼也会起到一定的改善作用。对于青少年来说，舞蹈可以帮组他们的骨骼更好发育、塑造更美身形。系统化、科学化的舞蹈教育，有助于青少年增长身高及身体的均衡发展。据研究表明，在同龄的青少年中，经常参加舞蹈训练的比不参加舞蹈训练的身高，平均高出5-9厘米，身体的发育状态也比不参加舞蹈训练的青少年要更显优美、匀称。

（二）舞蹈有助于人体内脏健康。舞蹈有助于人体各器官的健康发展，尤其对内脏健康发展尤为明显。经常性运动，可使心肌发育健康、搏动力增强、心跳有力；舞蹈时经常需要抬头挺胸，可使胸部得以扩展、增大吸氧，保证机体氧气的充足；腰腹动作能对肝、脾、肾、大小肠等诸多器官起到按摩作用，促进器官血液循环，提高肠胃消化能力，加速体内新陈代谢；经常性的腰腹运动，还能消耗多余的脂肪。通过舞蹈，可以锻炼肌肉，提高肌肉的收缩能力，促进肌肉健康发展。总之，舞蹈作为一种独特的运动方式，可以活跃人体的四肢、五脏六腑，达到强身健体之奇效。

（三）舞蹈有助于实现精神升华。当人体的动作与音乐完美结合的时候，不仅能给舞者带来精神上的快感，还伴有生理上的愉悦，这就是灵魂与身体的结合，两者交融在一起，使舞者身心共同置于极度快乐、极度兴奋的快感中，从而获得前所未有的幸福感。舞者随着音乐舞动四肢，这些动作不断刺激着肌肉，由此产生的神经冲动传输到大脑，引起美感意识，舞者完全沉浸在音乐、律动中，如痴如醉，充分释放着自我的情感，精神获得极大满足。

（四）舞蹈有助于提升综合素质。舞蹈不仅能帮助青少年的身体恢复。对弯腰驼背现象加以改善，还能对青少年的创新能力、道德素养等加强培养。舞蹈训练多涉及教学、排练、表演等多方面，在每一次的努力后，学生都能体会坚忍不拔、坚持不懈的思想品格，同时舞蹈的创意激发了青少年的创新能力，舞蹈的编排让学生懂得了生活中的真善美，对于学生综合素质的提升不可或缺。

三、结束语

在青少年身心健康问题上，舞蹈教育越来越多的发挥着作用，也越来越多的被人所重视。让我们一起来普及青少年舞蹈教育，帮助更多的青少年身心能够健康发展，让美在青少年间永远传播。

Dance as a beautiful art, in the traditional education with "aesthetic education" for the purpose of education, through the study of the dance education of teenagers, so as to achieve the effect of "physical beauty, beauty of mind". Dance education, therefore, not only helps to release stress, to overcome the inferiority, improve the interpersonal psychological problems, such as tutoring, and also has great benefit for physical health of teenagers. This article starting from the practice of dance education of adolescent physical and mental health, to study the effect of dance education of adolescent physical and mental health.

A, dance education of adolescent mental health

Adolescent mental health problems vary at present, the specific performance: inattention, psychological problems such as weak, lack of confidence. In behavior showed in detail: impulsive, tired, or even cuts. Adolescent mental health problems, while strengthen the mental health education, dancing education is also a good choice for the treatment of adolescent mental health. Dance education of adolescent mental health effects of specific as follows:

(a) release pressure. Dance since the ancient times is the emotional expression, a kind of emotional expression. About dance can relieve mood, release stress effect, there are two kinds of sources can be proven. One is in the ancient human, people due to the disease evil spirit possessed, by way of dancing, with lively, nervous rhythm, drive the whole body, help people exorcism to disease; Second, the ancients said people no matter what kind of emotional expression, action is www.guanran.net the ultimate way of expression. Fluency of the movement that is made up of a basic dance, help people relieve pressure. Contemporary teenagers face fierce competition, is shouldering the parents "high expectations, academic pressure, and because the mind is not mature, can't correct release pressure, easy to cause mental illness.

(2) to overcome the inferiority. In the process of the growth of the teenagers, family education is indispensable. Parents' high expectations of their children, so children requirement is very strict, often accused of children in the daily life and study. According to adolescent psychological experts study points out, often accused of children, can make children doubt about my ability, easy to make its produce self-abased psychology, deny yourself, unable to enhance confidence,www.dwqiwn.com www.hndamk.com especially in the key stage of adolescent psychological development. And dance can help teenagers to overcome self-abased, enhance self-confidence. Dance is not the patent of the artist, the foundational dance can help teenagers. In the beautiful music accompaniment, the children dance moves show the aesthetic feeling, one which does not reach the designated position, teachers can guide and encourage, help children overcome setbacks, overcome depression. When the children one by one simple act of string into a set of perfect dance, they will find that I can do it, I was so beautiful. Dance can help teenagers to overcome self-abased, self-confidence, help them to regain the confidence of the positive.

(3) improve interpersonal relationship. The current youth is only children in the home more, parents dote on, easy to form a self-centered consciousness. Add some teenagers addicted to the Internet, like "home", as "otaku""women do not go out for a long time. These are bad for teenagers to improve their interpersonal skills, with classmates, teachers, even the parents association, often appear interpersonal relationship not harmonious. Dance education for teenagers to improve interpersonal relationship, improve interpersonal skills. Embodied in: (1) the dance requires the dancers to open up, use heart to feel music, hug dance; (2) the need to communicate with the audience, the dancers dance between communication. Dancers need tacit understanding and trust between. When the choreography, the dancers need to face setbacks, communication together; When the dancers to dance, cooperation consciousness is produced. Through dance, teenagers will think and you together is how happy happy thing, imperceptible in developing the youth team cooperation ability, enhances the adolescent interpersonal skills.

(4) therapy. Young students depression at present stage, the more because of the lack of care and other multiple factors. Case as follows, the ping ping grew up in autism at an early age, had no friends to accompany, no family care, thanks to a few times to commit suicide found timely and rescue success. In a chance pass by art school, she was attracted by the wonderful music, hearing saw a flock of beautiful girls in the dance. She recalled, she was deeply fascinated

with dance. Then she began to dance training, she gradually realized in the process of training their own feelings, gradually to enjoy dancing. The ping ping has fall in love with dance, love life, she felt is dance gave her a new self, "enabled her to rebirth.

Second, the dance education of adolescent health

(a) dance can help human body skeleton development. Dancers need to regular form training, achieve a beautiful posture, help the dancers keep the beautiful shape and profile. Dancers must have physical quality training. Although the form and the function is determined by birth, but studies have shown that exercise the day after tomorrow will have certain effect to improve. For teenagers, the dance can help their bones better development, shape a more beautiful shape. Systematic and scientific dance education, contribute to the balanced development of adolescent growth height and body. According to the study, in the age of youth, often take part in the height of dance training than not to attend the dance training, an average 5 -- 9 cm, development status of the body also is more obvious than adolescents do not participate in dance training, well-balanced.

(2) dance can help human gut health. Dance is helpful to the healthy development of the human body each organ, especially for healthy development of the gut. Regular exercise, can make the myocardial development healthy, cardiac power boost, powerful heartbeat; Dance often need to hold your head high, can make the chest expand, increase oxygen, ensure the body sufficient oxygen; Lumbar abdomen moves to the liver, spleen, kidney, large intestine, and many other organs have www.dgalbuy.com www.jion8.net massage effect, promote blood circulation of organs, improve the gastrointestinal digestion ability, accelerate the metabolism of the body; Recurrent lumbar abdomen movement, but also can consume the excess fat. Through dance, can build muscle, increase the ability of muscle contraction, promote the healthy development of muscles. In short, the dance as a kind of unique way of movement, can active human limbs, intestines, to achieve physical fitness effect.

(3) the dance helps to achieve spiritual sublimation. When the action of human body in harmony with the music, not only can bring spiritual pleasure to the dancers, accompanied by physical pleasure, this is the combination of soul and body, both blend together, make body and mind dancer together put in happy extremely, extremely exciting pleasure, to obtain the unprecedented happiness. Dancers with music dancing limbs, these movements constantly stimulate a muscle, the resulting nerve impulse transmission to the brain, causing the aesthetic consciousness, dancers totally immersed in the music, the rhythm, infatuated, fully release the emotions of the self, the spirit get great satisfaction.

(4) dance helps to improve the overall quality. Dance can not only help teenagers body recovery. Try to improve to slouch phenomenon, but also for teenagers of the innovation ability, strengthen moral accomplishment of culture. Dance training more involved in aspects of teaching, rehearsals, performances, after every effort, students can experience perseverance, persistent thinking character, at the same time the creative dance inspired adolescents' ability to innovate, dance choreography to let students understand the truth in life, for the promotion of students' comprehensive quality is indispensable.

Third, the conclusion

In adolescent physical and mental health issues, the dance education, more and more plays a role, also more and more attention by people. Let us together to popularize youth dance education, help more teenagers for the healthy development of body and mind, let us never

spread between teenagers.