英语(二)自学考试模拟题

英语（二）自学考试模拟题

1. 根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词性写出相应的英语单词，每条短线上写一个字母。该词的首字母已给出。

1) 物理，物理学 n. p _ _ _ _ _ _

2) 生产，制造 v. p _ _ _ _ _ _

3) 相等的，同样的 a. e _ _ _ _

4) 守卫，防卫 v. g _ _ _ _

5) 否则，不然 ad. o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6) 旅行，行程 n. j _ _ _ _ _ _

7) 器官，风琴 n. o _ _ _ _

8) 混淆 v. c _ _ _ _ _ _

9) 程序 n. p _ _ _ _ _ _

10) 平均 n. a _ _ _ _ _ _ _

11) 发明 v. i _ _ _ _ _

12) 礼物，赠品 n. g _ _ _

13) 改进 v. i _ _ _ _ _ _

14) 方法 n. m _ _ _ _ _

15) 准备 v. p _ _ _ _ _ _

16) 信号 n. s _ _ _ _ _

17) 相似的 a. s _ _ _ _ _ _

18) 车库 n. g _ _ _ _ _

19) 介绍 v. i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

20) （一）帮，（一）伙 n. g _ _ _

2. 根据句子的意思将括号中的词变成适当的形式。

1) It was in 1949 that I __________ (see) him last.

2) That operator is busy __________ (get) ready for work.

3) I deem it an honour __________ (ask) to speak here.

4) If it __________ (translate) word for word, nobody can understand you.

5) __________ (Read) aloud plays an important role in learning English.

6) He has been avoiding __________ (meet) you these days.

7) The __________ (far) away an object is from you, the smaller it looks.

8) You'd better take an umbrella with you lest it __________ (rain).

9) No conclusion __________ (reach) so far.

10) If I __________ (take) your advice, I wouldn't have made such a terrible mistake.

3. 根据句子的意思选择正确的答案。

1) Try __________ you may, you will never succeed.

A. though B. as though C. as D. as if

2) __________ more time to think about it.

A. If only I had B. Only if I had C. If I only had D. Only if had I

3) __________ , the basketball match will be resumed on Thursday.

A. Weather permits B. Weather permitting C. Weather is permitting D. Weather permitted

4) It was last night __________ Mary suffered a terrible panic attack.

A. that B. which C. on which D. when

5) We heard the news __________ some American businessmen will visit our firm.

A. what B. that C. which D. when

6) Usually managers have to make a best guess __________ what the future will be.

A. of B. for C. at D. to

7) The maid was executed after being convicted __________ murder though her guilt had not been completely established.

A. for B. with C. of D. by

8) Some individuals seem to be capable of freeing themselves from outside distraction in the __________ of the noisiest crowds.

A. midst B. middle C. center D. depth

9) Most violence-related toys jeopardize the role of play in helping children make better __________ of their own feeling and interpret the world.

A. knowledge B. realization C. emotion D. sense

10) The professor set __________ three days for his students to review their lessons.

A. aside

B. out C. down D. up

4. 下面的句子中每个句子都有四处划有横线并标以A、B、C、D，其中有一处是错误的。指出你认为错误之处。（为了整理方便，我省略了A、B、C、D）

1) Commercial television has mixed entertainment and advertising, so if you want the entertainment, you have to put up the advertising.

2) If suppose you turn aside from these familiar things and study objects you have to look at through a magnifying glass, you will find many things that will puzzle you.

3) The United States is known for its supermarkets where huge quantities of various kinds of food and household article are sold.

4) Experiments have proved that daydreaming is part of daily life and that certain amount each day is essential for maintaining equilibrium.

5) The pioneer type of composer is the characteristic one at the turn of the seventeenth century and also at the beginning of the twentieth century, but it is much less evident today.

5. 本题共有三段短文，每段短文后面有三至四道题，共计十道小题。每道小题都有四个选择项。找出你认为正确的答案。

Passage 1

Never use any drug unless there is a good reason, especially in a woman who is expecting a baby. Ask the patient if he has had previous drug reactions: if he has, be cautious(小心). It is estimated that more than half of the adverse reactions that are reported would be presented if this were done.

Ask the patient if he is already receiving other drugs.

If possible, use a drug with which you are familiar. If you use a new drug, be specially on the watch for adverse reactions.

Report serious or unusual reactions suspected as due to established drugs, and any reaction however trivial(轻微) that may be due to a newly marketed drug.

1) This is a set of recommendations for __________.

A. drug company representatives

B. doctors prescribing for patients

C. scientists who specialize in drugs

D. doctors treating drug takers

2) The patients should be asked if they are __________.

A. familiar with drugs

B. cautious about taking drugs

C. taking other drugs

D. looking for newly marketed drugs

3) We learn from the passage that __________.

A. any unexpected effect of new drugs is worth reporting

B. established drugs have serious adverse effects

C. newly marketed drugs have trivial effects

D. full reports should be made of all the effects of all drugs

Passage 2

Researchers have shown that noise can adversely affect humans in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as ship-building and construction work are well known. In fact, however, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds(高音). A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests that this

hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age.

Furthermore, a closer inspection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover(周转，易手) in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially if accuracy and mental effort are involved. The use of outdoor(户外的) areas for conversation is not possible for an estimated 5 to 10 million people who live or work in urban area. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, as many as 22 to 24 million people can be said to have lost part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise.

Thus noise pollution is a serious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects which may stem from an excessively noisy environment.

4) We can learn from this passage that __________.

A. young people are able to distinguish high-pitched sounds

B. Young people distinguish low frequency noise better than old people

C. high frequency noise can cause hearing loss in old people

D. industrialized people will suffer hearing loss when they are old

5) According to the text, noise can interfere with sleep. Which of the following statements does this imply? __________

A. Noise can cause dreams.

B. Noise makes people turn round in their sleep.

C. Noise makes people sleep more.

D. Noise interrupts sleep.

6) The grave effects of noise on humans are __________.

A. physiological only

B. psychological only

C. psychological, physiological and economic

D. both psychological and physiological

Passage 3

Everything that is new or uncommon raises a pleasure in the imagination, and because it fills the soul with a pleasant surprise, satisfies its curiosity, and gives it an idea which it did not possess before. We are too much familiar with one set of objects and tired out with so many repeated shows of the same things and whatever is new or uncommon contributes a little to vary human life with the strangeness of its appearance: it serves us for a kind of refreshment, and takes off that satiety(厌腻) we tend to complain of in our usual and ordinary entertainments. It is this variety that gives our mind something new and relieves our attention from dwelling(滞留) too long and wasting itself on any particular object. It is this, likewise, that improves what is great or beautiful, and makes it afford our mind an double entertainment. Woods, fields, and meadows are at any season of the year pleasant to look upon but never so much as in the beginning of the spring, when they are all new and fresh and not yet too much accustomed and familiar to the eye. For this reason there is nothing that makes a prospect more fascinating than rivers or sprays of water from fountains, where the scene is constantly shifting and entertaining the sight every moment with something new. We are q

uickly tired with looking upon hills and valleys, where everything remains fixed and settled in the same place and manner, but find our thoughts a little excited and relieved at the sight of such objects as are ever in motion and sliding away from beneath our eyes.

7) Which of the following contains the main idea of the passage? ________

A. Whatever is new is more worthwhile than that which is old.

B. Newness makes a thing fascinating.

C. We must change the old for the new to achieve variety.

D. We cannot evaluate the worth of an item until it is no longer new.

8) Which of the following describes the development of the ideas in this passage? ________

A. The thought moves by association from one aspect to another.

B. The thought moves from a hypothesis to an application of the hypothesis.

C. The thought moves from a generalization to a series of observations to prove the generalization.

D. The thought moves from event to event in the time sequence.

9) The author's implied purpose in this passage is to ________.

A. entertain the reader

B. prevent the reader from making mistakes

C. present an alternative view

D. improve the reader's sense of right and wrong

10) The author finds fountains fascinating because ________.

A. of the beauty of their appearance

B. of the freshness of the water

C. of the movement of the water

D. of the beauty of nature

6. 完形填空

In English -- as in any other language -- we do not always say what we mean or mean what we say. This is true 1 some of the things we say every day. For example: mpanied by a spoken message or it may occur alone. The important thing is that it communicates the thoughts or feelings of one person to another looking on. People consciously use many different kinds of gestures to communicate with each other. They smile or nod, and they shake hands to convey feelings of pleasure at meeting someone. Often, however, people are unaware of how much information their unconscious body actions communicate about them. These gestures may reveal their thoughts and feelings ever when they don't mean to communicate them. For example, people sometimes yawn(打呵欠), when they are bored and anxious to leave. Some gestures, like smiling, seem to be a part of human nature. They are common to all cultures. Other gestures, like saluting, are learned, and they vary from situation to situation.

8. 将下面的句子译成英语。

1) 在美国，除了所得税以外，有些州还有销售税。

2）核心家庭通常由父亲、母亲和他们的孩子们构成。

3）左边的大脑强烈影响一个人的用词能力。

4）这个变化是如此之快以致我们谁都没有看清楚。

5）这篇文章的主要目的是告诉你怎样计划时间。

答案及分析：

1. 单词汉译英

1)physics 2)produce 3)equal 4)guard 5)otherwise 6)journey 7)organ 8)confuse 9)grogram 10)average 11)invent 12)gift 13)improve 14)method 15)prepare 16)signal 17)similar 18)garage 19)introduce 20)gang

2. 填写语法形式

1) saw

一般过去式，因为这个动作是在过去某个时候（1994年）发生的。

2) getting

动名词。busy (in) doing sth. 是一个固定句式，表示正忙于做某事。

3) to be asked

动词不定式的被动形式。它的逻辑主语 I 是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，故要求用被动形式。

4) is translated

一般现在式被动语态，主语 it （即 the nove ）是动作的承受着。

5) Reading

它和 aloud 一起构成动名词短语做主语。动名词和不定式都可作主语，如果我们讲的是笼统的、非特指的情况，一般用动名词。

6) meeting

动名词。某些动词的后面只能跟动名词作它的宾语，avoid 即其中之一。

7) farther

形容词 far 的比较级。句型句。由as引出的这种从句要求用倒装语序。。从全段的意思看，这是不对的。老年人所以听力衰退，是长期（从年轻时起）受噪音污染的结果。

5）D

句中 interfere with sleep（干扰睡眠）和 interrupt sleep 的意思相同。

6）C

文中第1段首先提到噪音在生理和心理两方面对人有不利的影响，第2段第1句又说别的数据资料揭示在经济上也有影响。可知这种影响是三方面的。

7）B

本文第1句提出了作者的观点，那就是新的、不寻常的事物能给人以愉悦、激发人们的想象力等等，这也是本文的主导思想。选项B是说新鲜感赋予事物以吸引力，正是这个意思。不要选A，这一选项说凡是新事物都比旧事物有价值，本文不涉及价值问题。

8）C

本文先提出作者的总观点，然后举例证明自己的观点。这种叙述方式正是C项所指的那一种。

9）C

作者在文中例举的现象可能有各种解释，作者提出了自己的见解，让读者自己作出判断，哪一种解释最合理。这就是作者的目的，他没有说别的什么解释是错误的。

10）C

作者在提到没有什么东西比河流或喷泉的景象更动人时说 where the scene is constantly shifting and entertaining the sight every moment with something new。这里的shifting就是指水的流动。

6.完形填空

1）B 2)B 3)B 4)C 5)C 6)A 7)C 8)A 9)A 10)B

7.英译汉

示意动作

示意动作是指向能看到的人传达信息的任何身体动作。身体动作可以伴有语言，也可以是单独的行为。它的重要之处在于它能向对方传达一个人的思想感情。人们有意识地运用多种不同的示意动作相互交流。人们在遇到某人时往往微微一笑或点点头，再就是握握手以表达愉快的心情。然而人们并不是总能觉察到他们自己的一些未意识到的身体动作是在表达自己的见解。这些示意动作甚至在他们并不打算表达时就暴露了他们的思想感情。例如，人们在感觉厌倦而急于想离去时往往会打呵欠。像微笑一类的示意动作看来是人类的天性，为不同文化的各民族所共有。其他一些示意动作如打招呼致意，则是学来的，这种动作随情况不同而各异。

8. 汉译英

1) In United States, some states have a sales tax in addition to an income tax.

2) A nuclear family usually consists of father, mother and their children.

3) The left part of human brain has strong effect on a person's ability of using words.

4) The change took place so fast that none of us saw it clearly.

5) The main purpose of this article is to tell you how to schedule your time.