初中英语语法 一般过去时.

一般过去时口诀

一般过去并不难，表示过去(动作、状态)记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。

否定句很简单，didn't动词(原形)前，其它部分不要变。

疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，其它部分依次站。

特殊疑问也简单，疑问句首记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去要牢记。

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；

2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month, 具体时间, just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前),

3.动词变化规则： 规则变化：1 直接加ed eg：work worked worked 2 以不发音的e结尾的，+d eg：live lived lived

3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed eg：study stuied stuied 4 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg： stop stopped stopped

不规则变化 例如相等 eg：cut cut read read

sit sat have/has -- had, eat--ate ,see--saw

4.否定形式： was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy.

6.一般过去式的构成形式：

一般过去时表示

句式：主语+过去动词+其他

I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。

(1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.

他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。

(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。

Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。）

When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）

I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 ） Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。 I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。

I ate it at 6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。

一般过去时的基本用法

1 带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时

如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago…（两天前…… ）、last year…（去年…）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前…）、 When I was 8 years old 、at+一个时间点

Did you have a party the other day？ 前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？

Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。

注意 在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。

2 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时,这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。

3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作 常与always，never等连用。

Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。

（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）

比较 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是带着伞。

（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞） Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.

彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦） I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。 （不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）

4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了)

He used to drink. 他过去喝酒。 （意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）

I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）

比较： I took a walk in the morning. 我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作）

5 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！

I didn''t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。

（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。

（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 辨别正误 Li Ming studied English this morning. （把此句变为一般疑问句）

（ ）1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning？ （动词应该用________）

（ ） 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning？ （时态应该用________）

（ ） 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning （应该用_______而不是be动词）

（ ） 4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning？ Clever boys or girls.

3.there be 句型

There was an apple on the table last night.

Was there an apple on the table last night?

训练题：

1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So he _____ (get ) up late.

3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.

5. I ___________ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.

7. Tom _______ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 8. Last week we ________ (pick) many apples on the farm.

9. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.

10. She watches TV every evening. But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night.

11．________ your father ________ ( go ) to work every day last year?

12．--What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday? --We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.

13. What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?

14. Last year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.

15. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)

16. There __________ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)

17. There _____________( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.

18. There ____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?

19. Eli ____________ to Japan last week. ( move)

20. –When _______ you _________ (come) to china? Last year.

21. Did she ________ (have) supper at home?

22. Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now.

23. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?

24. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?

25. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.

26. There ______ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I ________ (have) no time to watch it.

请用正确动词形式填空。

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?

He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.

7. My friend, Carol, ___________(study) for the math test and __________(practice) English last night.

8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.

9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.

10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.

句型转换

1.Last week I read an English book.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________

肯定/否定回答：____________________________________ 2.The children had a good time in the park.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________

对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 3.There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会) 否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________

对划线部分提问：____________________________________

4.. There was only one problem.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________

肯定/否定回答：____________________________________ 5. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________

对划线部分提问：____________________________________

6. Last week I read an English book.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句____________________________________ ：：：：：：

肯定/否定回答：________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 7. My brother was in the park just now.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________

肯定/否定回答：________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________7. 8.She had some bread for lunch today.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________

肯定/否定回答：________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________8. 9.They read English last night. 否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________

肯定/否定回答：________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________一、

III. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So he ______ (get ) up late. 3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.

4. There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.

5. I ___________ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but

___________ (hear) nothing.

7. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.

8. Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.

9. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.

10. She watches TV every evening. But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night.

11．________ your father ________ ( go ) to work every day last year?

12．--What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday? --We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.

13. What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?

14. Last year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.

15. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)

16. There __________ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)

17. There _____________( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.

18. There ____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?

19. Eli ____________ to Japan last week. ( move)

20. –When _______ you _________ (come) to china? Last year.

21. Did she ________ (have) supper at home? 22. Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now.

23. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?

24. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?

25. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.

26. There _______ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch it.

Unit8 where did you go on wacation?

一 、写出下列动词的过去式

go ______ enjoy _______ buy ______ eat______ get _______ walk ________

take______ dance_______ write _______ run______swim_______ find _______

begin______ eat ______ play ______ study ______

二、 请用正确动词形式填空。

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?

He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.

7. My friend, Carol, ___________(study) for the math test and

__________(practice) English last night.

8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.

9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.

10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.

三、改错题

1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________

2．He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________

3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________

4．I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________

5． Did you saw him just now. ____________________________________

6． Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________

7． I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________

8． He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________

9． Who find it just now ? ________________________________________

四、按要求变换句型。

1. Father bought me a new bike. （同义句）

Father bought _______ _______ ________ ________ me.

2. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）

_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

3. He’s cleaning his rooms. （划线提问）________ he _______?

4. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句）

_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）

Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.

6. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）

________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

7. I didn’t have any friends. （一般疑问句）

________ _______ have _______ friends?

8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句）____________________

9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.

10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问）

_______ _______ he _______ ________?

五. 翻译下列句子

1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

_________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.

2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。

Jenny likes ______ _______. She _______ a book ______ ________ last night.

3. Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。 Emma __________ the guitar every day. But he _________ ___________ yesterday. He _________ _________ the math test.

4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。

What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?

They _________ __________ homework and _________ ________ __________.

5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。

This morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father _______ ________ ________ yesterday.

6. 你还有什么要说的？

What _______ would you like _______ _______?

7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。

Don’t forget _______ ________ ________ ________ the teacher.

8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？

Why _______ you _______ TV last night?

9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。

When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.

10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。

---When _______ he _______? ---_______ 1980.

六．写作。

日记一则，字数50---60。

记叙一天的活动：

1．早晨起床，吃饭，上学；

2．上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；

3．午休的活动；

4．下午的课程及作业；

晚上的安排。

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