中考英语专题阅读理解

专题15 阅读理解

☞解读考点

阅读题型探究

中考英语的完型阅读题型是英语考试中最重要的部分，占了考试内容的大部分内容，也是学生得分的重要内容。要想得到高分，必须审清题干；根据语境，联系上下文，抓住主旨句、根据细节分析。 直击考点

中考英语阅读理解分类解读

一、人物故事类

【命题趋势】

人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减少。

【应试对策】

人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？

首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。

二、社会文化类

【命题趋势】

语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：

1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。

2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。

3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。

【应试对策】

对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：

1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。

在复习过程加强对语言基础知识的掌握。对于普通中学毕业生来说，应具备2000－3500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。

从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。

同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。

3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。

三、逸闻趣事类：

【命题趋势】

逸闻趣事以日常生活中的事情入手，描述一些鲜为人知的事。幽默故事是其主要内容。选材多来源于日常生活，给人似曾相识之感，但随着故事的发展、展开、结束，给人以意外的感觉。逸闻趣事类文章有以下趋势：

1.特点：文章简短，描述一个片断。

2.命题：多考查对事件的发生、发展和结局进行合理的推断。

3.选材：描述“另类”，标新立异。

【应试对策】

1.阅读这种文章，应特别注意对人物的外貌、语言、动作和思想的描写，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。

2.若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。它们是我们读懂趣闻逸事所必需的。

3.若是幽默故事，应体会风趣的对话、特别的动作，它们是幽默的精髓。

四、史地常识类

【命题趋势】

英语是我们认识世界，了解世界的工具。史地常识类文章通常介绍异域风光，历史事件，进一步扩大我们的视野和对其他国家，尤其是对英语国家的了解。因此史地常识类文章经常出现在高考阅读理解中，其趋势是：

1.选材：英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代。

2.命题：以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题。

3.知识：涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。

【应试对策】

史地常识类文章多以细节题为主，着重考查理解文中具体信息的能力。细节题一般分为以下几类:

1.排序题：根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子间的逻辑关系，找出事件正确顺序。一般采用“首尾定位法”来做题。即先出第一个和最后一个事件，缩小范围，得出答案。

2.图文转换题：根据短文描写找出相应图形或根据图形找出答案。一般采用“文史锁定法”，(找出文字，按“文”定“图”)或“图形标示法”。(在图中标出内容，以便理解)

3.数字换算题：根据数据，找出换算关系，计算并得出答案。

4.表格理解题：看懂行和列分别代表的意义，正确理解，作出选择。

5.同义转换题。

6.代词指代题：理清人物、事件间的逻辑关系，使人物、事件更加条理化，简明化。

五. 科普知识类

【命题趋势】

这种题材的文章大部分是介绍科技前沿、科学动态、新的发明创造、科研方法、生态环保或是对某一个问题的来龙去脉和解决方法等加以介绍。作者的目的就是让读者获得知识、信息，对说明对象有所了解，并获得某些方面的启示。其特点如下：

1. 文章中会牵涉到实验、研究者、研究方法、在某项主题上的不同意见和争鸣，有时会出现读者还不熟悉的前沿性的科学题材，但作者一般持客观的态度，不显示自己的褒贬之意；

2. 此类文章为了做到通俗易懂，在语言上尽量避免使用专业性词汇，对于动词，做到这一点较容易，但是有些专有名词则无法避免，不过，作者通常会对较难的专有名词进行解释，甚至举例说明，这往往也是出题的地方；

3. 在语法上，此类文章长句使用较多，主从复合句、同位语、插入语、非谓语动词形式和被动语态使用率较高；

4. 此类文章语篇模式一般比较固定、整齐，主题句通常位于段首，多使用平行结构。

【应试对策】

针对科普文章的这些特点，阅读这类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系，如因果、条件、种属、并列等；以及说明方法，如定义、例释、类比等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练，不断提高判断、归纳、

分析和解决问题的能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章，了解一些基本的科普知识；其次，在阅读时要注意实验的目的和结果，不能凭想象和猜测下结论；对于较难理解的句子要利用语法结构去分析；最后，要利用文章特点找准主题句，把握中心，从而一一破解题目。

☞2年中考

[2014年题组]

1．【2014年辽宁省沈阳市中考】

阅读短文,然后根据其内容从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。

"On a spring night, we offer book lovers a desk and a light. You can stay here as long as you

want to." This is the slogan (宣传

语) of Sanlian Taofen Bookstore in Beijing.

Earlier this month, Sanlian Taofen Bookstore became the first 24-hour bookstore in the city.

It hopes to encourage more people to read books.

Bookstores are the brain of a city. Although many people can now buy books online, many

readers still like the feeling in bookstores. They can touch the books and smell the print.

In China, most cities are home to at least one bookstore. Some have special themes (主题) .

Popular Holdings (大众书

局 ) in Shanghai is a film-themed bookstore. There are film books and posters (海报) inside. Other bookstores have colorful activities.

Eslite Bookstore (诚品书

店) in Taiwan has activities like talks with famous writers as well

as holding gallery shows (画

展). People come here not only for reading but also to communicate

with others.

The best title (标题) to explain the main idea of the text is "_______".

A. Buying Books in Bookstores

C. A New Bookstore in China B. Warm Places for Reading D. Great Bookstores Online What's special about Sanlian Taofen Bookstore in Beijing?

A. It allows readers to stay there only at night.

B. It offers readers a desk and a light.

C. It is the first 24-hour bookstore in the city.

D. It hopes book lovers will read there.

Which of the following can best describe people's feeling in bookstores?

A. Becoming the brain of the city.

B. Touching the books and smelling the print.

C. Staying inside as long as possible.

D. Buying books online with enjoyment

Popular Holdings in Shanghai is one of the bookstores with _______.

A. a small gallery

special theme

People come to Eslite Bookstore in Taiwan for .

A. reading and communicating

B. buying film books and posters B.colourful activities C. a special slogan D.a C. encouraging themselves to read

D. getting ready to be famous writers

【答案】

B

C

B

D

A

考点：考查政治经济文化类阅读

2. 【2014年辽宁省沈阳市中考】

阅读短文,然后根据其内容从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。

South of Florida, many islands dot (点缀

着) the ocean. One of them is Hispaniola. Its name

points to the fact that Christopher Columbus visited the island in 1492. As a result, Spain ruled theisland for the next 300 years. Two nations now share the island. Haiti makes up (占据) the western

third. The Dominican Republic makes up the eastern two-thirds.

The Dominican Republic's area is about 18,000 square miles with the population of 8 million.

Most people live close to the island's coast. Like many other tropical(热带

的)islands, the Dominican

Republic regards tourism as a key industry. The coastal cities, especially, depend on tourists to fill their hotels and restaurants. The natural beauty of the

beaches and of the forests draw Dominicans and tourists alike.

When you're ready for something else,walk into town.Music,dancing,and people in Colourful

masks (面

具) will greet you at nearly every street corner. Whether you go to join them or get away

from them, there will be a place for you in the Dominican Republic.

Which of the following maps shows the right position of Hispaniola, Haiti and he Dominican

Republic?

What happened to Hispaniola after Christopher Columbus visited there in 1492?

A. Spain ruled the island for 300 years.

B. Two nations shared the island.

C. The Dominican Republic joined the island

D. The name of Haiti began to use.

The Dominican Republic is famous for

A. hotels B. restaurants C. tourism

D. forests

The last paragraph (段

落) seems to tell us that people in the Dominican Republic are _____.

A. colourful B. friendly C. busy D. brave The reading above is probably taken from_________.

A. a science book B. a story book C. a geography book

D. a picture book

【答案】

t

A

A

C

B

C

考点：考查政治经济文化类阅读

3. 【2014年湖南省娄底市中考】

第一节判断正误 阅读下面短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的写（A），不符合的写(B)。（共5小题，计10分）

Taobao, China’s largest online shopping site(网上购物网站), has become an important part of Huang Xinhui’s life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.

A large number of Chinese Internet users like Huang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students and young workers. More women shop on line than men. Clothing and household products(家用产品) are the most popular on line.

It was reported that more than 300 billion(十亿) yuan was spent on online shopping last year,

80% through Taobao.

Taobao means “looking for treasure” in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.

You may question the security(安全) of online shopping, Huang Xinhui said, “ It’s very safe and convenient(便利的). If you don’t receive the products from the sellers or you are not satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”

China’s largest online shopping site is Taobao.

Most online popular products are clothing and household ones.

300 billion yuan was spent on online shopping last year through Taobao.

People can only find three kinds of things on Taobao.

If you are not satisfied with the products, you can return them.

【答案】

A

A

B

B

A

细节理解题。题干意为：人们在淘宝上只能找到三种东西。根据People can find almost everything they

need on Taobao,描述，可知本句描述错误。

细节理解题。题干意为：如果你对产品不满意，你可以退货。根据短文最后一段可知本句描述正确。 考点：考查新闻报道类阅读

[2015年题组]

1. 【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

Do you sleep well? If your answer is no, the following might help you.

80. If you want to build up your body clocks, you should ______.

A. set a certain bedtime and rising time

late

C. keep the bedroom for sleeping only D. take a warm shower before sleeping B. go to bed neither too early nor too

81. Why should you avoid exciting activities just before sleeping?

A. Because they will get your thoughts running B. Because you have to make tomorrow’s paln

C. Because you should read an exciting story D. Because you will have to turn off the light.

82. Your bedroom should be kept for ______ only.

A. talking B. eating C. reading D. sleeping

83. According to the passage, ______ will make you feel sleepy.

A. taking a cold shower

C. your daily experience

【答案】

80.A

81.A

82.D

83.B B. your body temperature dropping D. raising your body temperature

【考点定位】健康保健类短文阅读。

2．【广东省2015年中考英语试题】

It is reported that some developed counties have shipped broken parts of computes to China.Such a thing can be founded every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones send from Japan.

Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with is not an easy job because dangerous poison like mercury(汞)and lead (铅)can be found in them. Every time an

old computer breaks down, it needs to be deal with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really goes in the earth.

Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as”the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5mllion kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.

The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn;t do harm to the environment and people’s life. This year,China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer complies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the complies that make computers know best to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in near future.

61. The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from________. A.France B.Japan C.Germany D. Australia

62. The underlined word buried probably means ______in the passage.

A.焚烧 B.障碍 C.回收 D.掩埋

63. The town of Guiya in Guangdong Province_________.

A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution

C. Deals with e-waste safely D.speeds much money on e-waste

64. This year,the Chinese government__________.

A.tried to change people’s life B.closed some computer complies

C.make a new environment protection law D.asked people to hand in their old computers

65. The passage is mainly about________.

A.the way in deal with e-waste B.the cost of burning e-waste

C.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste

【答案】

61.B

62.D

63.B

64.C

65.C

【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。

3. 【2015年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was Christmas Eve. When everyone went to bed, Bunny couldn’t fall asleep. He still couldn’t think of what he wanted as a special Christmas present. He wondered how Santa — Father Christmas would know what to bring him if he didn’t know himself.从第一自然段可知，他还在想着他可以得到什么圣诞礼物。他想知道如果圣诞老人不认识他又怎样知道他要什么礼物。

As he was sitting up in bed, Bunny heard a big noise on the roof(屋顶) and a sound downstairs. It was Santa Claus, he realized. Bunny jumped out of bed and ran down the hall to the stairs. He hoped to take a look at the old man before Santa left for his next stop.

By the time Bunny was at the bottom of the stairs, everything was silent again. Lots of presents were put under the Christmas tree, but Santa was gone. A little disappointed(失望的), Bunny turned to climb back upstairs when he heard a cry.

“Hello,” said Bunny. “Is somebody there?”

He was answered by another cry. Bunny looked around the big pile of presents to see what was making the noise. Right under the tree was a funny looking brown animal with big feet and sad eyes. It also had antlers(鹿角) on its head. Bunny almost mistook it for a dog.

“Are you a reindeer?” asked Bunny.

“Yes,” replied the brown animal with antlers. “My name is Ralph.”

“And you were pulling Santa’s sled(雪橇)?”

“I was until I got air-sick,” replied Ralph. “Santa had to leave me here and go on with the other seven reindeer.”

“Isn’t it a bit unusual for a reindeer to get air-sick? I mean, isn’t flying what reindeer are famous for?”

“Not me, I’m afraid. It makes me scared. I always feel sick when it comes to flying,” replied Ralph. “But everyone wanted me to pull Santa’s sled, so when it was my turn I gave it a try. I’m afraid I just wasn’t cut out for the job. Now I’m stuck here and I don’t know how to get back to the North Pole.”

“Well, if you like, you can stay with us as a friend,” said Bunny. As he made the offer, Bunny suddenly realized the special present he wanted from Santa was a new friend!

33.Why couldn’t Bunny fall asleep on Christmas Eve?

A. He wanted to take a close look at Santa Claus.

B. He was waiting for his special present from his father. C. He was thinking about what present to get from Santa.

D. He was woken up by a noise on the roof of his house.

34.The underlined phrase “cut out” probably means .

A. suitable B. famous C. ready D. bad

35.What can we learn from the article?

A. Ralph is a brown dog with antlers.

B. Ralph is afraid of flying in the air.

C. Bunny got a sled as a Christmas present.

D. Bunny sent Ralph back to the North Pole. 36.This article seems to tell us that .

A. Santa lives in the South Pole with his reindeer

B. Santa usually puts Christmas presents on the roofs

C. Santa uses dogs to bring children presents on Christmas Eve

D. Santa knows what presents children want without being told

【答案】

33.C

34.A

35.B

36.D

【考点定位】考查故事类短文阅读。

4. 【贵州省安顺市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解， 根据短文内容选择正确答案。（每小题2分，共30分）

①Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts.

②Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people with long hair.

③We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar experiences and we are more likely to be accepted by people like ourselves， or even， we think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stay with the same people， the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone (舒适区)is that we just recycle the same opinions， the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to learn something new， find out interesting things， hear funny stories and discover differences.

④When we always stay with the same people， how can we break down the barriers which prevent us from getting to know people with different ideas? And how can we avoid the ignorance(无知)? If you want to live in a society that opens to changes， new things and different opinions， be the cat among the pigeons(鸽子).

⑤Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don’t just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life.

58. From the passage， we know that people prefer sitting by someone who .

A. is like themselves

C. is open-minded B. has a sense of humor D. lives an exciting life 59. People like staying in their comfort zone because they may .

A. remain comfortable and special

things

C. be accepted easily and feel safe

themselves

60. The sentence “Unsurprisingly， we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves.” should b

e B. find out more interesting D. discover differences among

put at the beginning of __________.

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 61. What does the underlined word “barriers” mean in Paragraph 4?

A. 联系 B. 隔阂 C. 纽带 D. 熟悉

62. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To tell us not to talk with strangers.

B. To introduce ways to learn about the world.

C. To explain how people communicate with foreigners.

D. To encourage us to get along with different people.

【答案】

58.A

59.C

60.C

61.B

62.D

【考点定位】考查日常生活类阅读

☞考点归纳

解题思路

(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。

(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。

(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：

1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。

2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。

3. 注意领会文章的寓意。

4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：

① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。

② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。

③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。

题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。

④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。

⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 ⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。

四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题

思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。

二、题型分类

初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：

(一)选择符合文章的选项

(二)判断正误

(三)根据文章内容回答问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。

☞解题技能

从如何进一步提高阅读理解能力方面提出复习迎考策略。

一、养成良好阅读心态

阅读时过于紧张、思想开小差等消极因素会妨碍大脑的正常思维，而保持心绪安定，精神专一等良好的阅读习惯则能大大提高大脑的思维。良好的阅读习惯来自于良好的阅读心态。因此，从现在开始，注意在平时的阅读理解训练中保持一种好的阅读心态，精力应集中，心态要平和，在碰到生词难句时不能心烦意乱，要保持一种良好的心绪，这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，思想深刻，才能更好地把握住文章的脉络。

二、注重提高阅读的速度

中考英语阅读理解共由4篇文章组成，从某种程度上说，阅读理解考的也是阅读速度，要学会快速浏览，能快速找出文章的关键词句和主旨。因此要注重培养自己快速阅读的习惯，扩大眼睛阅读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一种较快速度的线式阅读;在碰到生词或难懂的句子时不能浪费时间，可以先行越过，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测、推断。

三、注意阅读技巧训练

可以通过反复精做一篇阅读，直到全对，不断总结、调整和强化获取表层信息及内在信息或猜测、推理、判断、概括的能力;还要善于找关键句，在很多文章里第一段和每段的第一句往往是关键句，可以帮助同学们理解整个文章的主题或某一段的概括。在阅读中，要注意抓住中心思想(Main idea)，以及文中出现的who、where、when、what及why等关键词。

四、要坚持每天阅读

每天读两至三篇题材各样的小短文。要多练习富有代表性、典型性的体裁和题材的阅读文章，如记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文，幽默故事、新闻广告、文体娱乐、科普常识、文化习俗，多关注社会热点、新闻时事和身边的话题。将坚持阅读的习惯保持到考前的最后一天。

五、可采取限时阅读的方法

采用限时阅读，即在一定时间内读完文章及做完相关的习题。同学们对于不同的阅读材料，要采用不同的阅读方法以及阅读的速度。着重培养对阅读材料进行分析、推理和判断的能力以及对阅读内容给予评价的能力。

笔者根据多年指导毕业班的经验，从如何进一步提高阅读理解能力方面提出复习迎考策略。

阅读理解具体考查的内容：

1、理解具体信息

2、推测生词词义

3、理解概念性含义

4、判断、推理和引申

5、理解主旨要义

6、理解结构，句段关系

7、理解作者意图

考试类型：

(一).细节理解

(二).推理判断

(三).词义猜测

(四).主旨归纳

解题步骤

一、快速阅读，读懂大意

二、明确要求，逐一解答

三、重读问题，理解问题

四、带着问题，重读文章

☞1年模拟

1.(内蒙古呼和浩特模拟)

Mr. Smith was in trouble those days. He drove a car for Mr. Black, a rich businessman. He worked hard and the shopkeeper liked him. But he couldn't work when he drank too much. Once he almost fell into the river when he drove along the bridge. Mr. Black became angry and was going to send him away. Mr. Smith had a big family and was afraid of it and promised he would stop drinking at once. The man told him to wait to be dealt with.

One Monday morning Mr. Smith came into the office with two badly burnt ears. "What happened to your ears?" asked Mr. Black.

"Well, "said the man," I went to watch a football match yesterday while my wife was ironing clothes. She had put the iron near the telephone before she went to cook supper. Our team lost the game and I felt sorry for it. As soon as I went in the sitting -room, the phone rang and I answered the iron!” “And what happened to the other ear?" "When I put the iron down on the table, the telephone rang again!"

61. ________ , so he almost drove the car into the river.

A. Mr. Smith was not careful B. Mr. Smith drank too much

C. Mr. Smith, forgot they were on the bridge

D. Mr. Smith couldn't work in the evening

62. Mr. Smith went to watch the football match on______.

A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Saturday D. Sunday

63. We can guess________

A. Mr. Smith drank much after the match B. Mr. Smith was angry with his team

C. Mr. Smith didn't drink those days D. Mr. Smith watched the match at home

64. The _________badly burned Mr. Smith's ears.

A. telephone B. drinking C. iron D. irons

65. What would happen to Mr. Smith?

A. He would go on driving for Mr. Black. B. He would join in a football team.

C. He would never watch any matches. D. He would be sent away by Mr. Black.

【答案】

61B

62D

63A

64C

65D

63A细节理解题。通过短文后半部分对史密斯两只耳朵受伤原因的表述，可知他肯定是又喝了酒，正常人是不会犯下那样的错误的，故选A。

64C细节理解题。通过阅读短文我们可以知道史密斯先生把烙铁当作了电话，虽然烫伤了两只耳朵，但是只有一个烙铁，故选C。

65D细节理解题。通过阅读短文我们知道前面史密斯已经承诺不再喝酒，从他耳朵烫伤这件事，布莱克先生很容易推断出他又喝了酒。从四个选项的描述上来看，他被解雇的可能性最大，故选D。

考点：故事类阅读。

2.（山东省诸城模拟）

Once upon a time, some visitors went to an island for a vacation, and each was having a good time. Suddenly a warning of a strong storm came to them, so all rushed to their boats. Yet, Love did not wish to run away quickly. There was so much to do. But as the clouds got darker, Love realized it was time to leave. But there was no boat to go into. Love looked around with hope. Just then Richness was passing by in a great large boat. Love shouted, “Richness, can you take me with you? Richness answered, “No, I can’t. There is a lot of gold in my boat. There is no place here for you. ”

Love decided to ask Vanity（虚荣） for help who was also passing by in a beautiful boat. But Vanity said with a cold voice, “No, I can’t take you with me. My boat will get dirty with your wet feet. ”

Sadness passed by after some time. Again, Love asked for help. But it was useless. “No, I can’t take you with me. I am so sad. I want to be alone. ”

When Happiness passed by a few minutes later, Love again called for help. But Happiness was

so happy that he didn’t hear Love calling to him.

Love was becoming restless and hopeless. Just then somebody called out, “Come, Love! I will take you with me. ” Love did not know who was so kind, but jumped into the boat happily. After getting off the boat, Love met Knowledge. Love asked, “Knowledge, do you know who was so kind to give me a lift when no one else wished to help?”

Knowledge smiled, “Oh, that was Time. ”

“Time?” asked Love. “But why did Time help me?” Knowledge smiled with deep wisdom and answered, “Because only Time is capable of understanding how great Love is. ”

41. According to the passage, which one did not go to an island for a vacation?

A. Love. B. Richness. C. Vanity. D. Knowledge.

42. Other visitors passed by in their boats one by one. Which is the right order according to the passage?

A. Richness→ Vanity→ Sadness→ Happiness→ Time B. Richness→ Happiness→ Sadness→ Vanity→ Time C. Time→ Richness→ Vanity→ Sadness→ Happiness D. Richness→ Happiness→ Vanity → Sadness→ Time

43. What can we learn from the passage?

A. When we are rich, we may pay more attention to Love． B. All the feelings are important in our life except Love． C. As time goes by, we can realize the importance of Love． D. When we are happy and sad, we shouldn’t remember Love．

【答案】

41.D

42.A

43.C

考点：人生感悟类短文阅读。

3.（湖北黄冈模拟）

A teenage boy couldn’t stand his parents’ family rules, so he left home. He wanted to be famous, but he had poor education and several years later, he had to ask for food on the street for a living. Now his mother has died. His father is an old man. But he is still looking for his son. He has been to every corner of the city. Everywhere he goes, he puts up a big photo of himself on the wall. At the lower part of the photo he writes, “I still love you... , come back home !”

One day, the son saw one of the photos. The face was familiar(熟悉的). “Is that my father?” He moved closer and read the words: “I still love you...” He cried. When he got home, it was early morning. He knocked at the door. The door opened itself. He rushed to his father’s bedroom. His father was sleeping. He woke his father up, “It's me! Your son is back home!” The father and the son held each other, full of happy tears. The son asked, “Why is the door not locked?

A thief could get in.” The father answered softly, “The door has never been locked since you left.”The door of parents’ love for their children will never be closed.

41. Why did the boy left home?

A. Because his parents didn’t love him. B. Because he didn’t like the family rules

C. Because he didn’t have mother. D. Because he didn’t finish his homework.

42. What happened to his mother?

A. She was crazy. B. She left home.

C. She had an accident. D. She died.

43. What can we get to know according to the first passage? A. The boy was a university student. B. His father kept looking for him.

C. The boy had a very hard life after leaving home. D. Both B and C

44. What made the boy get back home?

A. The hard life outside. B. His father’s words on the photo.

C. The police asked him to go back. D. His father found him.

45. What does the writer want to tell us?

A. Parents should not go on about(唠叨)their children.

B. The door of parents’ love for their children will never be closed.

C. Not everyone can be famous.

D. Poor education may stop you achieving your dream.

【答案】

41.B

42.D

43.D

44.B

45.B

考点：故事类短文阅读。

4. A man was driving when he found a chicken running along the road, beside his car.

He was surprised to see that the chicken was keeping up with him. Looking at his speedometer (速度计), he found that he was doing 50 miles per hour (MPH).

Then he drove at 60 MPH, and the chicken stayed right next to him. He sped up to 75 MPH and it still kept up.

The man then found that the chicken had three legs. Growing even more curious (好奇), he followed the chicken down a road and into a farm. He got out of his car and saw that all the chickens around him had three legs.

He asked the farmer, “What’s up with the three-legged chickens?”

The farmer said, “Well, whenever we have chicken for diner, everyone in the family fights over the legs, but there are only two. I have raised a kind of three-legged chicken. It’s going to make me richer.”

“How do they taste?” the man asked.

The farmer said, “Don’t know yet, I haven’t been able to catch one.”

65.How did the man feel when he saw the chicken keeping up with him?

A.Happy. B.Scared. C.Angry. D.Surprised.

66. What does the underlined “it” refer to (指的是)?

A.The car. B.The chicken. C.The speedometer. D.The road.

67. Why did the farmer raise the three-legged chicken?

A.Because he wanted to be rich so that he can buy many chicken legs.

B.Because his wife wants to have chicken legs every day.

C.Because everyone in his family fights over the legs while having chicken for dinner.

D.Because everyone in his family hasn’t had chicken legs for a long time.

68. Which following statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A.The farmer knew the three-legged chickens tasted good.

B.The farmer had become richer because of the three-legged chickens.

C.The chickens ran too fast for the farmer to catch.

D.There was only one three-legged chicken on the farm.

【答案】

65.D

66.B

67.C

68.C

考点：故事类阅读。