模块二语法--比较级
中垌中学初二英语科导学案 初二外研版上册
Module2 形容词和副词比较级的变化规则
设计:初二英语组 2014-9-15 学案编号: 2014C206
班级:___________ 姓名:________________ 小组:____________
【课型】:语法课
【学习目标】 形容词(单音节词和部分双音节词)、副词的规则比较级形式及其使用。
【学法指导】仔细看课文122-125页中模块二、三形容词、副词比较级。
【重点与难点】形容词(单音节词和部分双音节词)、副词的规则比较级形式及其使用。
学习过程【课前预习】
(一)仔细看课文122-125页中模块二形容词比较级1形容词、副词比较级,完
成下列练习。
【合作探究】形容词和副词比较级的变化规则
1.一般___词和少数以-er ,-ow 结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er .
(1)单音节词 如:small→_____ short→_____ tall→_____
great→_____ new→_____ hard→_____ old→_____
(2)双音节词 如:clever→_____ narrow→_____
2.以不发音___结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r 。
如:large→_____ nice→_____ fine→_____
3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的____________,
比较级加-er 。 如:big→_____ hot→_____ fat→_____ wet →_____ sad→_____ thin→____ fit→____
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把___改为___,比较级加-er 。
如:easy→____ heavy→____ busy→____ happy→____
5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在其前面加more 。
如:beautiful→more beautiful different →________ easily →________
6.副词比较级的形式 :副词比较级变化形式与形容词基本上一样
【一般副词】 hard →harder fast →___ late →_____ early →____
【特殊 副词 】well →better much →_____ badly →____ little →_____ 【温馨提示】开放类副词即以后缀结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er 如 quickly →more quickly quietly →more quietly
〔注〕: early 中的ly 不是后缀,故可以把y 变再加-er 。
7. 有少数形容词、副词的比较级不规则的,必须熟记。 如:good→better well→better bad→worse ill→worse old→older/elder
many/much→more little→less far →further/farther
二、【形容词、副词的比较级的用法】
1.原级比较由
“A+谓语+as+形容词或副词原形(或再加名词或短语) +as +B” 意思是“A 和B 一样、、、、、”, 构成“原级相同”比较句,表示两者比较;
其否定式,即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) +形容词或副词原形+as”,而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。
如:She is _______________ Lily.她和莉莉一样高。
Zhongdong will be ________________Huazhou.中垌将会和化州一样的繁华。
2. “A + be +形容词(副词) 比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B 更„„”。
表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than 后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式
如:This tree is______________that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。
【注意】① 在含有连词than 的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,
即同类事物之间的比较。
②在比较级前面使用much ,even,far,rather,a lot,a little 等,表示程度
程度“强得多”,起到加强语气的作用。 如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。
3.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”,表示“越来越„„” 如It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。
It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。
The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
4.在含有or 的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim 还是Tom?
5. “the +比较级„„, the+比较级”,表示“越„„越„„”。
The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。
The sooner,the better. 越快越好。
【知识拓展】 6. 表示倍数的比较级用法:
①. A is „times the size /height/length/width of B.
如:The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)
②. A is „times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)
③. A is „times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
7." 否定词语+比较级" ," 否定词语+ so„ as"结构表示最高级含义。 如:Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing.
8. 修饰比较级的词 1)可修饰比较级的词 ①.a bit, a little, rather,
much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
③. 以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
9. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia.
(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.
10. 要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
11. 要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。
比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.
【比较级的几种主要句法】 1、问人的句法:(要用形容词比较级)
陈述句:SuHai is older than SuYang. 一般疑问句:Is Su Hai older than Su Yang? 特殊疑问句:Who is older than SuYang?
选择性的特殊疑问句:Who is older, Su Hai or Su Yang?
2(要用形容词比较级)
陈述句:His ruler is longer than her ruler.
一般疑问句:Is his ruler longer than her ruler?
特殊疑问句:Whose ruler is longer than her ruler?
选择性的特殊疑问句: Whose ruler is longer, his or hers?
3(要用副词比较级)
陈述句:Mike jumps higher than Ben. 一般疑问句:Does Mike jump higher than Ben? 特殊疑问句:Who jumps higher than Ben?
选择性的特殊疑问句: Who jumps higher, Mike or Ben?
【练习巩固】选择填空。
( ) 1.Are you as _____ as your classmate, Xiao Ming? A. tall B. taller C. younger ( ) 2.___ Saturday morning, they went for a___. A. In, walk B. On, walk C. At, walking ( ) 3.This cat is ____ than that one. A. thin B. thinner C thiner ( ) 4. Whose ruler is longer, ____? A. yours or his B. your or his C. yours or her ( ) 5. --What do your parents do after supper?--They take the _____ dog for a walk. A. cute B. red C. well ( ) 6.--__ your grandfather 80 years old? --Yes, he ___.A. Is, does B. Are, is C. Is, is 三、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I’m __________ (tall) than David. 2. Who’s _________ (young), you or your brother? 3.Which is _____ (long), Chang Jiang River or the Yellow River? 4. David’s bag is ______________ (heavy) than __________ (I). 5.Gao Shan runs_________ (fast)than his brother.
6.Is your hair as __________ (longer, long)as hers? 7.Yang Ling' flies a kite____________(higher\taller)than David. 8.My mum __________ (says, say)Jimmy is also her child. 9.I am three months ___________(minutes\minute) youger than ____________. (he, him)
【课后反思】1. 今天的英语学习内容,你掌握了吗?还有那些疑问呢?
2. 你认为自己对本节课自己的表现怎么样?如果认为不好,那么今后怎样去改进?
3. 今天的英语学习,你快乐吗?