小论文写作模板
, 题名(居中,二号,黑体,不超过20字)
张山1, 作者21,2,李四(小四号,仿宋)
(1.华东师范大学 电子系, 上海 200062; 2.洛阳工业高等专科学校 计算机系,洛阳 471003)
摘 要:给出了一种……(小五号宋体,200字左右;报导实验结果的,如生物学领域的论文,摘要长度可增加到400字左右。摘要应简明扼要,避免一般背景介绍,应包括研究目的,方法及过程,结果和结论这些要素,不要出现“本文”、“我们”之类词。请参考学报网站上提供的有关摘要写作的有关国家标准和学报规范。)
关键词:(3-5个,用“;”隔开)常绿阔叶林;回顾;展望
English title(居中,四号,黑体,不超过10个词,副题名用冒号分开)
1ZHANG Shan, ZHANG Yong-sheng1,2, BAI Wei1, YU Ke1, Li Si1
(1. Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China;
2. Department of Computer, Luoyang Technology College, Luoyang, 471003, China)
Abstract: This paper studied……(小五号,150字左右英文单词,内容应与中文摘要基本一致;应做到语法正确,表述简洁;应符合EI关于英文摘要的写作要求(学报网站上有),叙述本文工作用过去式,叙述成果意义用现在时。)
Key words:(3-5个,用“;”隔开)evergreen broad-leaved forests; retrospect; prospect
0 引 言(小四号,楷体)
“常绿阔叶林”是生长在温暖湿润的亚热带(或称暖温带)气候条件下的、由常绿阔叶树为优势种的森林植被类型。。。(正文五号宋体,)
它的研究已成为国际植被科学界关注的主题之一[1-5](参考文献的编号应与引用顺序一致。详见下面关于参考文献的要求)
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 1中国常绿阔叶林研究的回顾
1.1 一级子标题(小四号,楷体,加粗)
××××××××××××××××××××××。
………………………………………………………………………见图1。
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图1 中国常绿阔叶林研究框架图
Fig. 1 Framework of researches on Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests in China
(插图一般放在文中首次提到该图处下方,而且文中必须有关于该图的说明;照片插图应另外提供独立的高质量的插图文件。插图下方中央应包括中文图号与图名,以及英文图号与图名)
1.1.1 二级子标题(五号,宋体)
…………………………………………………………………………….
2 ××××××××××××××××××××××
××××××××××××××××××××××。其结果参见表1。
表1 几组仿真结果
Tab.1 Some simulation results
kg/hm
年份 A产量 B产量 比值 s产量
1990 11500 1100 0.7 162.2
2000 11500 1000 0.8 161.9
2003 12000 1300 0.7 161.0
2005 29500 1600 0.6 20.4 2 比率/% 1.083 4.846 0 29.75
(表格一般放在文中首次提到该表处下方,而且文中必须有关于该表的说明;尽量使用三线表;表格上方中央应包括中文表号与表名,以及英文表号与表名)
3 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
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4 结论
本文给出了。。。
?
参考文献(五号,黑体)
(参考文献的格式应遵循国家标准(GB/T 7714-2005 文后参考文献著录规则);参考文献的编号应按正文中引用顺序,关于文献类型标识的意义及选取,详请参见学报网站上有关资料及已发表论文的格式。以下是常见参考文献的著录例子。)
期刊中析出的文献
[1] 李炳穆, 理想的图书馆员和信息专家的素质与形象[J].图书情报工作,2000(2): 5-8.
LI B M. A profile of the ideal library and information specialist [J]. Library and Information Service,2000(2): 5-8.
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TAO R J.Cryptography and mathematics[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,1984,7(7): 527.
[3] 亚洲地质图编目组.亚洲地层与地质历史概述[J].地质学报,1978,3: 194-208.
Cataloging Department of Asian Geological Map. Preliminary notes on the stratigraphy and geological history of Asia. Acta Geologica Sinica,1978,3: 194-208.
[4] DESMARAIS D J, STRAUSS H, SUMMONS R E, et al. Carbon isotope evidence for the stepwise oxidation of the Proterozoic environment[J]. Nature, 1992, 359:605-609.
[5] HEWITT J A. Technical services in 1983[J]. Library Resource Services, 1984,28(3):20 5-218.
普通专著
[1] 广西壮族自治区林业厅.广西自然保护区[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1993.
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Department. Guangxi Nature Reserve[M]. Beijing: Chinese Forestry Press,1993.
[2] 蒋有绪,郭泉水,马娟,等.中国森林群落分类及其群落学特征[M].北京:科学出版社,1998. JIANG Y X, GUO H Q, MA J, etc. China forest community classification and community characteristic [M].Beijing: Science Press,1998.
[3]赵凯华,罗蔚茵.新概念物理教程:力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1995
XI K H, LUO W Y. The new concept of physical tutorial: Mechanics [M].Beijing: Higher Education Press,1995.
[4] CRAWFPRD W, GORMAN M. Future Libraries: Dreams, Madness,& Reality [M]. Chicago: American Library Association,1995.
[5] International Federation of Library Association and Institutions. Names of Persons: National Usages for Entry in Catalogues [M]. 3rd ed. London: IFLA International Office for UBC, 1977.
[6] O’BRIEN J A . Introduction to Information Systems[M]. 7th ed. BurrRidge: Irwin, 1994.
专著中析出的文献
[1」国家标准局信息分类编码研究所. GB/T 2659-1986 世界各国和地区名称代码[S]//全国文献工作标准 化技术委员会. 文献工作国家标准汇编:3. 北京:中国标准出版社,1988:59-92.
National Standards bureau of information classification and coding institute. GB/T 2659-1986 Codes for the representation of names of countries and regions[S]// National literature work technology standards committee. Literature work of National Standards compilation. :3. Beijing: Standards press of China,1988:59-92
[2] 韩吉人. 论职工教育的特点[G]//中国职工教育研究会. 职工教育研究论文集. 北京: 人民教育出版社,1985: 90-99.
HAN J R. On the characteristic of education for workers and staff[G]//The Chinese Society of education for workers and staff. Study of education for workers and staff Proceedings. Beijing: People's education press,1985: 90-99.
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论文集、会议录,以及析出文献
[1」中国力学学会.第3届全国实验流体力学学术会议论文集[C]. 天津: [出版者不详」, 1990.
The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. The 3rd national laboratory fluid mechanics conference proceedings[C]. Tianjin: [ s.n.」, 1990.
[2] ROSENTHALL E M. Proceedings of the Fifth Canadian Mathematical Congress, University of Montreal,1961[C]. Toronto: University of Toronto Press,1963.
[3] GANZHA V G, MAYR E W, VOROZHTSOV E V. Computer Algebra in Scientific Cmputing: CASC
2000:Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing, Samarkand, October 5-9,2000[C].Berlin: Springer, 2000.
[4] TIGAN GH. Bifurcation and the stability in a system derived from the Lorenz system[C]// Proceedings of the 3rd international colloquium: mathematics in engineering and numerically physics. Bucharest: [s.n], 2004: 265-72.
[5] 达良俊.杨永川.上海城市近自然森林的恢复[C]∥城市森林生态研究进展.北京:中国林业出版社, 2002:136139. DA L J, YANG Y C. Restoration of urban nearnature forest in Shanghai[C]∥The ecological research progress on urban forest. Beijing: Chinese Forestry Publishing House, 2002: 136 - 139.
科技报告
[1] U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration. Guidelines for bandling excavateda cid-producing materials, PB 91-194001[R]. Springfield: U S Department of Commerce National Information Service, 1990.
[2] World Health Organization. Factors regulating the immune response:report of WHO Scientifi c G r oup[R].G eneva:WHO,1 970.
学位论文
[1] 张志祥.间断动力系统的随机扰动及其在守恒律方程中的应用[D]. 北京:北京大学数学学院,1998. ZHANG Z X. The random perturbation of interrupted dynamical system and its application in the non-homogeneous conservation laws[D]. Beijing: School of Mathematics, Beijing: Beijing University, 1998.
[2] CALMSR B. Infrared spectroscopic studies on solid oxygen[D]. Berkeley; Univ of California, 1965.
专利文献
[l] 刘加林.多功能一次性压舌板:中国,92214985.2[P]. 1993-04-14.
LIU J L. Multifunction one-off spatula: China,92214985.2[P]. 1993-04-14.
[2〕河北绿洲生态环境科技有限公司.一种荒漠化地区生态植被综合培育种植方法:中国,01129210.5
[P/OL]. 2001-10-24[2002-05-28]. http://211.152.9.47/sipoasp/zlijs/hyjs-yxnew.asp? Recid = 01129210.5 &leixin.
Hebei Oasis Entironment Technologies limited Company. A integrative incubation and planting method of vegetation in the desertification area :China,01129210.5 [P/OL].
2001-10-24[2002-05-28]. http://211.152.9.47/sipoasp/zlijs/hyjs-yxnew.asp? Recid = 01129210.5 &leixin.
[3] KOSEKI A, MOMOSE H, KAWAHITO M, et al. Compiler: US, 828402[P/OL]. 2002-05-25 [ 2 00 2-05-28]. ht tp://FF&p=1&u一netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=5&f=G&1=50 & co1 =AND&d=PGOl&sl=IBM.A S.& OS=AN/IBM&RS=AN/IBM.
报纸中析出的文献
[1] 丁文祥.数字革命与竞争国际化〔N]. 中国青年报,2000-11-20(15).
DING W X. Digital revolution and competition internationalization〔N]. China Youth Daily,2000-11-20(15).
[2] 张田勤.罪犯DNA库与生命伦理学计划「N]. 大众科技报,2000-11-12(7).
ZHANG T Q. Criminal DNA library and Bioethics plan.「N].Popular Science News,2000-11-12(7).
电子文献(包括专著或连续出版物中析出的电子文献)
[1]江向东.互联网环境下的信息处理与图书管理系统解决方案[J/OL].情报学报,1999,18(2); 4 [2000- 01-18]. http://www.ch inainfo.go v.cn /periodical/gbxb/gbxb99/gbxb990203.
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JIANG X D. Solution of Information/Library Management System on Internet/Intranet[J/OL]. Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information,1999,18(2); 4 [2000- 01-18]. http://www.ch inainfo.go v.cn /periodical/gbxb/gbxb99/gbxb990203.
[2] 萧钮.出版业信息化迈人快车道[EB/OL]. (2001-12-19)[2002-04-15] http://www. creader.com /news/20011219/[1**********]9.html.
XIAO N. Publishing Informatization is going into the high speed way[EB/OL].
(2001-12-19)[2002-04-15] http://www. creader.com /news/20011219/[1**********]9.html.
[3] CHRISTINE M. Plant physiology: plant biology in the Genome Era[J/OL]. Science,1998,281: 33 -332 [1998-09-23]. http://www.s ciencemag.o rg/cgi/collection/anatmorp.
[4] TURCOTTED L. Fractals and chaos in geology and geophysics[M/OL]. New York: Cambridge University Press,1992[1998-09-231. http://www.seg.org/reviews/mccorm30.html.
[5] Scitor Corporation. Project scheduler [CP/DK]. Sunnyvale, Calif.: Scitor Corporation,c1983.
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