英语 单词
新视野《大学英语》读写教程 第二册
Section A Weeping for My Smoking Daughter
我为女儿抽烟哭泣(精读)
Section B Stop Spoiling Your Children
别再宠坏孩子 (快读)
Section C What Is in Larry’s Mind?
拉里在想什么 (自学)
Section A Weeping for My Smoking Daughter
我为女儿抽烟哭泣(精读)
在手边 close at hand
炯炯有神的眼睛 glowing eyes
一包抽了一半的香烟 a half-empty package of cigarettes
对…感激 be grateful for
制作得(卷得)非常精致 be precisely rolled
硬起心肠不做… to harden oneself against …
机(器)制(造)香烟cigarettes made by manufacturers
鲜红的烟丝罐头 bright-red tobacco tin
穿着黑色燕尾服 (be) dressed in a black dress coat
到40年代末、50年代初 by the late forties and
early fifties
烟草业 tobacco industry
把…和…联系在一起 to couple with
男女主角 male and female heroes
抽烟上瘾 be hooked by cigarettes
把…争取过来 to win over
每走三、四级楼梯 every third or fourth step
使某人虚弱不堪 to leave sb. low
全家团聚 a family reunion
生命行将结束前 near the end of one’s life
戒烟 to quit smoking
第三世界国家 Third World countries
针对 to direct at
连续不断地抽烟 drag away
巨大广告牌 large advertisement signs
在市中心区 in inner cities
在(印地安人)居留地 on reservations
久而久之 over time
大大削弱了孩子们的体质 to effectively weaken the
children
缺乏 to starve of
烟蒂 the end of cigarettes
怀孕 to be pregnant
深感痛苦 to feel a deep hurt
园艺杂志 gardening magazine
一种无能为力的感觉 a feeling of uselessness
有气无力挣扎着呼吸 to struggle to breathe feeling
half the strength
受伤害妇女收容所 a battered women’s shelter
一种自我毁灭 a form of self-battering
禁烟区 a no smoking zone
坐在一边; 袖手旁观 to sit by
Para. 1:
--- I feel severely hurt at my daughter’s smoking. Para. 2-5:
--- I recall how my father was hooked and eventually
killed by cigarettes Para. 6-8:
--- I gain a better understanding of the harm of smoking
in the Third World countries and appeal to all people to
stop smoking at families.
***************************************************
(15 key points)
1.Weeping for My Smoking Daughter (Title)
● weep for/over: 为…哭泣
如:听题--- The girl wept over her sad fate.
听题--- The optimistic never weep over their failure or misfortune. Instead, they hold a positive attitude towards anything in life.
译文:乐观的人从不为自己的失败或厄运而哀叹,
而是以积极的态度对待生活中的一切。
2. … tossed carelessly close at hand. (Line 3)
● (close) at hand: 在手边;在附近;即将到来
如:听题--- Fortunately there was someone at hand, so
we asked him to deliver the message at once.
听题--- The mid-term examination is close at hand.
3.
● 用。
如:听题 --- He went through a red light, for which he was fined $50.
听题 --- The police arrived, after which the situation became
calmer. 译文:警察来了,这以后的局势比先前平静了一些。
● be grateful to sb. for sth.: 为某事对某人表示感谢
如:听题--- The old man was most grateful to his neighbors for sending for a doctor for him.
4. … I hardened myself against feeling so bad; … (Line 7)
● harden vt. 使硬;使坚强
● harden oneself against:对…硬起心肠
如:听题--- For her own good, Lisa hardened her heart against
her aunt. 译文:为了自己的利益,莉萨对她姨妈变得冷
酷无情。
听题--- Rough living in the desert hardened the young men a lot. 译文:沙漠中的艰苦生活把这些年轻人锻炼得更加坚强。
5. …coupled with Hollywood movies …(Line 17)
● to couple with: 把…和…联系在一起
如:听题--- The writer wrote with plain words coupled
with humor.
译文:那位作家的写作风格于质朴中见幽默。
听题--- Good natural environment, coupled with convenient
water transportation, makes the area a hot spot for investment.
译文:良好的自然环境,加上便利的水上交通运输使这个地区成
为投资的热点。
●
● together with 连同…一起
along with ( 同 )
associate with ( 同 )
6. … who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. (Line 21)
● 上瘾,沉溺于
● be indulged in 上瘾
be addicted to 上瘾
如:听题--- Some college students are hooked on computer games.
听题--- Some public clinics are being established in order that
people hooked on drugs can receive care.
译文:为了让染上毒瘾的人能得到治疗,人们正在建立一些
公共诊所。
7. … his lung illnesses had left him low. (Line 32)
● to leave sb. low: 使…虚弱不堪
如:听题--- Overworking day and night left him low.
译文:夜以继日地超负荷工作使他极度虚弱。
leave … to sb. 把…留给某人
leave sth. aside 不考虑某事,忽视
leave sb./sth. behind 忘了带,遗留
leave sth. over 推迟某事
leave sb./sth. alone 不打扰某人
8.
● again and again (especially in an annoying way)。
如:听题 --- The boy is always asking for money.
译文: 这孩子总在要钱。
听题 --- Why are you always biting your nails?
译文:你为什么总在咬指甲?
9. … but by then he was so slim no one noticed. (Line 37)
● slim adj. 苗条的;薄的;渺茫的
如:听题--- She’s got a lovely slim figure.
听题--- It’s quite a slim book so it’s not too heavy to carry
around in your bag.
听题--- They have only a slim chance of winning.
10. …both dragging away. (Line 40)
● away adv. 一直;不停地
如:听题--- They worked away all day.
听题--- She was singing away to herself in the bath.
11. … money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; … (Line 41) ● go to: 给予
如:听题--- Money raised from the concert will go to organizations that help people in need. 译文:音乐会募捐到的钱将捐赠给那些
向有困难的人提供帮助的机构。
听题--- All our sympathy went to the old man after we knew
his experience. 译文:我们了解了老人的经历后,对他深感同情。 12. …people starve themselves of both food and air…(Line 42)
● starve (sb.) of : 缺乏;(使)丧失
如:听题--- People in this region are starved of drinking water.
听题--- People there refused to pay taxes in order to starve
the government of funds.
13. …that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, …
● swallow vt. 吞咽;轻易接受
如:听题--- If you don’t chew your food properly, it’s difficult
to swallow it. 译文:事物不经适当咀嚼是很难下咽的。
听题--- He swallowed her story whole. 译文: 他对她的故事
深信不疑。
● swallow one’s words 食言
swallow one’s pride 放下骄傲
swallow an insult 忍受侮辱
14. …when I was pregnant, …(Line 48)
● be pregnant: 怀孕
如:听题--- Her daughter-in-law was six months pregnant then.
●
be in the family way 怀孕
be going to give birth to a child 怀孕
be expecting a baby 怀孕
15. There is a quotation from a battered women’s shelter …(Line 52)
● batter vt. 接连重击
如:听题--- The heavy waves battered the ship to pieces.
听题--- Your car looks rather battered.
译文:你的汽车看上去相当破了。
—————————————————————————
Section B —— Stop Spoiling Your Children
(快读)
to stay overnight 过夜
be assigned to sth. 把…分派给(某人)
be tightly packed with clothes 塞满了衣服
to make a point 表明一种观点
to take … for granted 把…视作理所当然
to spoil their children out of a sense of guilt出于内疚感而
溺爱孩子
to hold down full-time job 全日上班
to shower sb. with material possessions 给…大量物质的东西
to pine for 渴望
for fear that 惟恐
to make fun of 取笑
to stand up to 勇敢面对
to fluctuate between … and … 在…和…之间动摇不定
a wave of regret 一阵后悔
to sour the parent-child relationship 使父母与子女间的关系变味
to push hard 逼得凶一些
be challenged to be… 受到激发而…
on demand 一经要求
delay in satisfaction 一时得不到满足的情况
to uncover the reason 找出原因
a prompt definite manner 迅速、果断的方式 to turn over a new leaf 改过自新;改变以往的做法
gradual improvement 逐渐的进步
occasional slips 偶尔失误
to apply the old pressures 施加老一套的压力
Para. 1-2
--- Spoiling children is quite common in American families.
Para. 3-6
--- Why do parents give their children things they can’t afford? Para. 7-8
--- The effects of providing too much can be harmful. Para. 9-11
--- The author gives some suggestions to those parents who do not know how to stop spoiling their children.
********************************************** (15 key points)
1. … I frequently stay overnight in the home of a family …(Line 1)
● overnight: adv. & adj. 一夜;突然
如:听题--- We stayed overnight with my mother.
听题--- The book was an overnight success.
译文:这本书一下子获得了成功。
2. I’m not complaining, only making a point. (Line 5)
● make a point: 表明看法
如:听题--- You made an original point in your speech.
译文:你的发言中有个新颖的观点
听题---All right, you’ve made your point. Now keep quiet and let the others say what they think.
3. … parents spoil their children out of a sense of guilt. (Line 11)
● out of: 出于
如:听题--- Children often ask silly questions out of curiosity.
听题--- I attended the lecture out of interest.
4. …as accommodation for being away so much, …(Line 13)
● accommodation: (1)膳食,食宿 (2)和解
如:听题--- Can we find accommodations at the hotel for the night?
译文:我们能在这家旅馆找到房间过夜吗?
听题---The two sides failed to agree on every point but came
to an accommodation. 双方未能在每一点上都取得一致,但达
成了和解。
听题--- If labor and management don’t reach an accommodation, there will be a strike.
5. … by showering them with material possessions. (Line 14)
● shower sb. with sth.: 给…许多…
如:听题---The new arrival was showered with questions.
译文:人们向新来的人提了很多问题。
听题--- On her 100th birthday, the city showered her with
gifts and good wished. 译文:她100岁生日那天,礼物和祝愿
像雪片一样从全城飞来。
6. …for fear that their children will infer they are unloved…(Line 20)
● for fear that: 惟恐,以免
如:听题--- They tiptoed upstairs for fear of waking their parents.
听题--- Shut the window for fear that it may rain.
7. … when parents are unable to stand up to their children’s unreasonable demands. (Line 20)
● stand up to 勇敢面对; 经得起
如:听题--- Why don’t you stand up to your boss when you
know you are right?
听题--- A soldier must stand up to danger.
听题--- Their reasoning won’t stand up to detailed criticism.
译文:他们的推敲经不起仔细推敲。
stand up 站起来;(论点等)站得住脚
stand out 引人注目,杰出
stand by 和…站在一起,支持…
stand for 代表
8. …it also sours the parent-child relationship… (Line 25)
● sour: 使酸;使变味;恶化
如:听题--- The hot weather soured the milk.
听题--- Relations between the two governments were soured
by boundary fighting. 译文: 两国关系由于边境冲突而恶化。
听题--- Many friendships have soured over borrowed money.
译文:许多友谊都是因为金钱的借还而恶化的。
9. …and insensitive to the needs and feelings of others,… (Line 32)
● be insensitive to sth.: 对…不敏感
如:听题--- Doctors found him insensitive to pain.
听题--- The police have been criticized for being insensitive to complaints from the public.
译文:警方因对公众的意见麻木不仁而受到批评。
10. …it undermines their respect for their parents. (Lint 33)
● undermine: 使逐渐削弱,暗中损坏; 使从基础破坏
如:听题--- Every mistake that she makes further undermines her authority. 她犯的每一次错误都进一步降低了她的威望。
河水冲刷堤基。
● under-: 在下面;不够地
underage adj. 未成年的
underdeveloped adj . 发展不全的
underemployment n . 就业率过低
underestimate v . 低估
undergo v . 遭受
undergraduate n./adj. 在校大学生(的)
underground adj . 地下的
11. Also, spoiled children are not as challenged to be…(Lint 37)
● be challenged to be… : 受到激发而…
如:听题--- Children of boarding schools are more challenged
to be independent than those at day schools.
译文:寄宿学校的孩子比走读的孩子更要学会管理自己。
12. …when every requested object is given on demand. (Line 40)
● on demand: 一经要求
如:听题--- Passengers must show their tickets on demand.
听题--- This will be paid on demand. 索款即付。
13. Rather, my intention is to help… (Line 44)
● (or) rather: 更确切地说
如:听题--- He seemed pleased to hear the criticism.
Or rather, he pretended to be pleased.
听题--- The President’s secretary, or rather, his daughter,
arranged all his engagement.
14. …determine what makes you submit or feel guilty. (Line 46)
● submit: 屈服,让步;提交
如: 听题--- She decided to submit to the new rules.
译文:她决定接受新的规则。
听题---Y ou must submit your application at the end of this week.
15. Once you turn over a new leaf, …(Line )
● turn over a new leaf: 改过自新
如:听题--- He decided to turn over a new leaf after that.
译文:自那以后,他决定洗心革面,重新做人。
听题--- George turned over a new leaf and stopped disturbing
the class. 译文:乔治已改好了,不再在课堂上捣乱了。
1. harden 2. largely 3. slim 4. weaken
5. poisonous 6. swallow 7. bunch 8. drag
1. leaned on 2. close at hand
3. die of 4. are starved of
5. coupled with 6. directed … at
7. dressed in 8. very grateful to
1.harden 2.weakened the government’s position
3.broaden the child’s mind 4.lengthening
5.was heightening 6.lightened his workload
7.darkened 8. reddened the clouds
1. arrival 2.expectations 3.understandable 4.Visitors
5.freedom 6.professional 7.lucky 8.gathering
1. John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me.
2. The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher.
3. He tore up my photo, by which I was much annoyed.
4. It was raining hard, due to which the team stayed indoors.
5. Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us.
1. My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.
2. Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was still alive.
3. It is not unusual for the scientist to go to bed at two or three in the morning.
4. The man bent down and picked up the book from the floor.
5. Leaning her head on her husband’s shoulder, Rebecca began to cry.
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.B
Key to Exercises 1.giving them a huge number of material possession
2.change continually and frequently
3.a sudden, uncontrollable feeling of regret
4. makes (the parent-child relationship) go wrong
taking (some of the happiness) away from
5. start a new course of improved behavior
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C
1.sours 2.insensitive 3.loosened 4. conversely
5.generosity 6.contradiction 7.submit 8.inferred
1. Jean wrote the speaker’s address down in her notebook for fear that she might forget it.
2. Passengers must show their tickets on demand.
3. The secretary didn’t dare to stand up to her boss though she knew she was right.
4. I took it for granted that you would come with us, so I bought you a ticket.
5. She has been selfish all the time, but she has promised to turn over a new leaf and become more
considerate of others.
6. People in this region have pined for a peaceful life since the religious war broke out three decades ago.
7. Poor health had made it difficult for Jim to hold down a job for more than a year.
8. Betty gets very depressed at times because of pressure of her work.