动词填空题的解题技巧

动词填空题的解题技巧

要做好动词填空题，掌握一定的技巧是很必要的。一般可从下列几个方面来考虑：

1. 确定正确的时态；

2. 确定正确的语态；

3. 确定动词的形式。

第一步：根据时间状语确定时态。

时间状语与时态有着极为密切的关系。请看下面两题：

1. I_________________（write ）now.

2. I_________________（lose ）my pen yesterday.

常与各种时态连用的时间状语：

一般现在时：every day，on Sunday等；

现在进行时：now ，有时句前有Look ！或Listen ！等提示词；

一般将来时：this Sunday，next week，tomorrow ，tomorrow morning，on Friday，in ＋一个时间段等；

一般过去时：yesterday ，just now，last year，an hour ago，in 1985等。

正确掌握了各种时态的标志词，动词填空题便可迎刃而解。

第二步：根据上、下文来确定时态。

有些句子没有明显的时间状语，这时就可以根据上下文的内容来判断时间关系，以确定正确的时态。 请看下题：

—Who are you looking for？

—I _____________________（look ）for Xiao Wang.

第三步：根据语言习惯来确定时态，特别是在一些对话中更是如此。如：

1. I ___________________（put ）my keys here just now. But I can’t find them now.

2. After school the students ___________________（take ）their bags and went home.

3. Don’t make noise. The baby __________________（sleep ）.

sleeping 。

第四步：注意时态呼应，在主从复合句（状语从句和宾语从句）中，主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。

1. 在状语从句中，主句如果是一般将来时、含有情态动词、祈使句时，则状语从句应用一般现在时。

If my brother ______________________（be ）free, we’ll go to the zoo tomorrow.

2. 在宾语从句中，其时态应受主句时态的控制。主句是现在时，从句应据具体情况而定。主句是过去时，从句应用过去时的某一形式（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

如：

1. He says he __________________（visit ）the Great Wall last summer vacation. 2. My teacher said that he ______________（take ）us to the park the next day.

3. We will go to the movies if it ___________________（not rain）tomorrow afternoon.

4. I wonder what you __________________（do ）on April 23, World Book Day.

第五步：确定正确的语态

我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。一般来说，当句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者时，用被动语态；反之用主动语态；不及物动词没有被动语态。

第六步：确定非谓语动词的形式

如果所填的动词在句子中不作谓语，那么就应考虑用动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式主要有：动词不定式、v.-ing 形式、过去分词等。到底采用哪一种形式，要根据习惯搭配、各种非谓语形式的用途和特点及句子结构的要求等方面来决定。

1. 在动词decide, hope, wish, plan, want, refuse, would like（love ）等后面用动词不定式作宾语；而在ask, tell, order, invite等之后用动词不定式的复合结构，即“ask sb. to do sth.”的形式。

2. 在see, hear, watch, notice, let, make, help 等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式应省略不定式符号to 。help 也可不省。在感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, find, feel等后也可接v.-ing 形式作宾补。

3. 在had better（not ）…, Why not / Why don’t you …, Will you please …等句型中要用动词原形。

4. It’s time（for sb.）to do sth., something to eat / drink, have nothing to do, It takes sb. some time to do sth. 等句型或短语中要用动词不定式。

5. 在keep, enjoy, finish, mind, practice 等动词后用v.-ing 形式。

6. 在be busy, feel like, what about, how about 等搭配后用v.-ing 形式。

7. 在介词之后动词一般应用v.-ing 形式。

8. “疑问代 / 副词（why 除外）＋to do sth.”结构在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。

【例句】

1. They decided to play football in the afternoon. 他们决定下午去踢足球。

2. Mom, I’ll invite Tom to have dinner with us. 妈妈，我要邀请汤姆和我们吃晚餐。

3. My classmate often helps me（to ）learn math. 我的同学经常帮助我学习数学。

4. You’d better not give up your dream. 你最好不要放弃你的梦想。

5. I want to have something to eat. I’m hungry. 我想吃点东西。我饿了。

6. He kept writing stories. 他不断地写故事。

7. What about playing football now？现在去踢足球怎么样？ 8. He does well in playing basketball. 他擅长打篮球。

9. I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪儿。

【考题链接】

1. It often _______________（take ）me half an hour _______________（get ）to the post office.

2. I’m sorry _______________（keep ）you waiting for so long.

3. The heavy rain stopped us from ___________________（go ）swimming.

4. He made me ________________（draw ）a picture for you.

5. His father got angry after __________________（read ）the letter.

第七步：最后也要注意主谓的一致性。

在There be句型中有并列主语，以及either…or, neither … nor, not only… but also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词都要根据就近一致原则。

在时间、距离、长度、度量衡等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；动词不定式、动词的-ing 形式、从句作主语时，谓语动词也用单数形式。

【例句】

1. There was a garden and two parks in the town last year.

去年在这城镇里有一个花园和两个公园。

2. Not only the students but also the teacher wants to see the film.

不但学生们而且这位老师也想去看电影。

3. Three months isn’t a long time. 三个月的时间并不很长。

4. Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害。

【考题链接】

1. How time flies! We’ll graduate. Three years be ）really a short time.

（be ）so many foreigners in the streets these days.

3. Either Bruce or Sam _________________（take ）part in the music competition every week.

【即学即练】

Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空

1. Li Lei ___________________（carry ）water for Aunt Mary at times.

2. Lei Feng __________________（bear ）in 1940.

3. My classmates are busy ___________________（write ）compositions.

4. Will you please ___________________（give ）me a cup of tea?

5. The teacher said that we ___________________（go ）to Shanghai next Sunday.

6. Why not ___________________（bring ）the camera with you?

7. Could you tell me how ___________________（get ）to the station?

8. Neither I nor he__________________（like ）the movie.

9. A moment, please. I’m checking if Mr. Smith _________________（be ）free tomorrow.

10. Our teacher told us that light __________________（travel ）faster than sound.

Ⅰ. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. We want __________________（play ）a game at the party.

2. Ben ___________________（watch ）a film last weekend.

3. Did you ___________________（pick ）oranges on the farm?

4. —What did you do on Sunday? —I ______________（water ）flowers.

5. The boy ________________（not pull）up carrots just now, he __________（cook ）food.

6. —Were there any books on the desk? —No, there ________________（be not）.

7. I can _______________（get ）up early. I ________________（do ）morning exercise at six.

8. She likes ____________________（dance ）.

9. —What _______________（be ）he doing? —He is ______________（draw ）pictures.

10. _______________（be ）your birthday in June?

11. —Where _________________（be ）you just now? —I ___________（clean ）my bedroom.

12. No news _______________（be ）good news. I’m sure Jane is still all right.

13. It ________________（rain ）heavily , you’d better not go out now.

14. The city of Xi’an _______________（become ）cleaner and cleaner.

15. The boys enjoy _______________（see ）fight films very much.

16. He left the room without _______________（say ）goodbye.

17. Can you ____________（mend ）the broken bike?

18. There ________________（be ）a party tomorrow.

19. I _________________（not go）if it is rainy tomorrow.

20. What ________________（happen ）to him in two years?

21. Stop talking and you ________________（hear ）something strange.

22. He _______________（give ）me a call as soon as he comes back.

23. It’s best ______________（finish ）your homework tonight.

24. He is trying his best ________________（catch ）up with others.

25. The teacher asked us what we ______________（be ）interested in.

26. I ______________（forget ）_______________（post ）yesterday. Can you post it for me?

27. If you are not better by then, I will take you _______________（see ）the doctor.

28. Don’t keep your mother _________________（wait ）for you so long.

29. I don’t feel like ______________（eat ）bananas.

30. They kept on ______________（pass ）the ball to each other.

31. When he heard the news, he couldn’t help __________________（cry ）.

32. He can’t wait _______________（open ）the present.

33. The policeman told the boy ______________（not play）on the road.

34. Would you like me _______________（meet ）your parents?

35. Miss Zhao likes her students _______________（ask ）question like this.

36. We want you _______________（give ）us a talk.

37. Who made the baby ______________（cry ）yesterday?

38. My sister let me _______________（look ）after the baby.

39. I want ________________（have ）a birthday party.

40. His father asked the boy _______________（stand ）outside the door.

41. There is a boy _______________（stand ）near the river.

42. The man _______________（sit ）under the tree is Tom’s father.

43. We should help our parents ________________（do ）some housework on Sunday.

44. It’s difficult _______________（learn ）English.

45. He is waiting for the doctor _______________（come ）.

46. He is not old enough _________________（go ）to school.

47. They saw a woman _______________（go ）into the room just now.

48. It took me half an hour _______________（wash ）my clothes.

49. He spent two years _______________（write ）this book.

50. It’s time for you ________________（go ）to bed now.