高级综合英语一Units8910课后答案

Unit 8 Love and Resentment

V . KEY TO EXERCISES

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraph 9. In the writer's mind, it is her retreat from the harassing city, the social and political commitments she takes on each year on the one hand, and it is, on the other hand, also her retreat from the needs of family and friends.

2. Refer to Paragraphs 10 -12. First, the writer believes she is capable of and responsible for living with her sick daughter for as short a period as two weeks in spite of her tension and outbursts, in fear of which the writer, nevertheless, counts days until she leaves. Sometimes she reproaches herself for losing patience with Kathy because she is fully aware of her sick daughter's vulnerability. When Kathy grows wild, or even violent occasionally, the writer lives in such apprehension as to reluctantly treat her with antipsychotic medication which often causes unpleasant side effects physically. The writer's feelings are so complex that her care and love of her sick daughter is mingled with resentment, anxiety and occasional hate.

3. Refer to Paragraph 12. The writer is scared of Kathy's fits of adrenaline-induced strength as she has experienced them before. She is therefore afraid to sleep deeply at night lest an accident occurs.

4. Refer to Paragraph 18. Kathy started her endless search for a psychiatric solution in a lunatic asylum.

5. Refer to Paragraph 21. The writer admits that it is she herself that sometimes prompts the outbursts by demanding too much from Kathy.

6. Refer to Paragraph 23. Kathy would follow her mother's advice and do what should be done as soon as her sporadic hysteria ends. The writer feels sad and ashamed for she knows Kathy's greatest wish is to live with her all of the time, to have the mother take care of her, cook her good meals every day as she does these two weeks on the island.

7. Refer to Paragraph 24. She thinks she is responsible because each year she spends some time with Kathy showing her care and love; on the other hand, she thinks herself irresponsible because she has got her own life to live and cannot devote her whole life to her daughter.

IV . E xplain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.

1. The screams were so faint and unclear that I could hardly hear them.

2. As my voice was getting quieter, hers grew gradually and continuously louder.

3. Everyone has deep inside an instinctive fear of madness however familiar with the illness he may be.

4. She doesn't know how to take care of her own health as a normal person does.

5. If it had not been for this evil illness, I would have had a daughter who is essentially healthy, physically and mentally.

6. I'll do my utmost for my sick daughter, who is the most difficult problem I have to cope with. Writing strategies

(1) Paragraphs 15 -18 present the flashbacks.

(2) Below are the inaudible utterances made by the author to reveal her conflicting mind: "Damn it yourself, I said to myself. Why did I bring her up here? Why, why, why?

"Surely, I can live for two weeks with the tension and outbursts. Her life is so limited and mine is so full. A short span of days, really, for me to take care of her; to give her some joy. I have so many days, just for me, after she goes back to the city.

"But I can't. I resent the tension. I lose patience. Sometimes I hate her. What is wrong with me? I am strong and healthy; she is vulnerable and ill. It is always my choice to have her here. But I count the days until she is gone and there are moments when I think, no, not another summer. Why do this to myself? Most of the time I know that these weeks are too important to her; I cannot take them away."

(3) The following are some typical examples from the text that involve metaphor or metaphorical expressions: 1) "The flushing toilet drowned out the rest. I moved away quickly, shaken once again by her wild outbursts." 2) "She had hurled accusation after accusation at me." 3) "I shook away that memory and rose laboriously." 4) "This is the fourth year I have had this tiny treasure of a house." 5) "She has been plagued and humiliated by accidents in public." 6) "I lie awake, my throat tight and aching as I remember the years in our worst, most searing nightmares."

7) "My stomach is empty and gnawing and uneasy as if anything could fall in and break the superstructure I hold up with all my force." 8) The daughter I would have had were it not for this evil illness exists in embryo in the daughter I do have. After an outburst, she will come and tell me quietly: "I am sorry, mother. I don't want to fight with you." 9) "To admit the truth, sometimes I trigger her outburst." 10) "Like my daughter, like all other human beings, I am not spun of one thread."

Language work

I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. trying my best made so much noise as to deaden managed to get rid of couldn't bear under the control of accidentally saw

Translation

I. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets.

1. The current slack automobile market might trigger another round of price wars among manufacturers.

2. The cheers by supporters almost drowned out the protests by demonstrators.

3. Many historic buildings are left to decay at the mercy of vandals and the weather.

4. The rapid rise in house prices has almost driven to the edge of despair the wage-earning class who are longing for a new apartment.

5. We all have to tighten our belts until your father finds another job.

6. The company has been so far unable to shake away the shackles of its old ways.

7. They realized that it would be suicidal to resist in the face of overwhelming military superiority.

8. It is mistaken that barking voice stands for avant-garde singing.

II. Translate the following into Chinese.

听着，儿子，我在此对你说这些话的时候，你正睡得很香，一只小手别扭地压在脸下，金色的卷发湿漉漉地粘在汗涔涔的额头上。我独自溜进了你的房间。几分钟前，我在书房看报时，一股灼人的悔恨感侵袭全身，令我窒息。我无力抵挡。就这样，我来到你的床前，心里充满内疚。儿子，我之所以内疚，是我以前常对你发火。你穿衣准备上学前随便地用毛巾抹了下脸，我就责骂你。你鞋子没擦干净，我就训斥你。你把东西扔在地上，我就怒骂你。

Unit 9 Kids and Computers: Digital Danger

KEY TO EXERCISES

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraph 1. They develop the skills and outlooks that determine the adults they will become.

2. Refer to Paragraph 2. Although electronic entertainments may be amusing and ingenious, children are actually the losers when becoming dependent on these forms because they encourage kids to be unimaginative, socially immature, and crudely indifferent to the world around them.

3. Refer to Paragraphs 3 and 4. The author contrasts "Play-Doh" with a programmed video game to show that the former is a valuable learning process in which the kid acts as a creator while the latter proves to be a passive performance manipulated by the programmer.

4. Refer to Paragraph 5. The point the author wants to make is that kids can learn through the game to make compromises, to accept the idea of give-and-take in life, and to get along with others.

5. Refer to Paragraph 6. Many adolescents spend countless hours chatting on-line which could be otherwise devoted to school work. Some uncivilized behavior affects one another. Worst of all, kids get no sense of relationship.

6. Refer to Paragraphs 7 and 8. Playing the game "Monopoly", kids form a team in the real human world, starting, or pausing, or restarting the game if necessary. Human contact, courtesy, and communication are not seen as threats to their enjoyment. On the contrary, a child, playing such video games as "Duke Nukem" and "Bloody Roar", is alone, preoccupied in a virtual world, acting a role of psychotic killer indifferent to what is actually happening in the real world. In turn, high-priced, high-tech games have sucked the child's humanity away.

IV . Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.

1. Compared with traditional games, electronic games have some obvious detrimental effects on children's development: they tend to be lacking in imagination and social maturity, and indifferent to the real world around them.

2. If you hand a ball of Play-Doh to a child who is brought up in the world of uncreative and unyielding video games, you are likely to find an expressionless look on his face.

3. Possibly one or two hot-tempered kids will quit the game.

4. Although they are engaged in playing the game, they are not completely bound by it.

5. His parents, in great fear of disturbing him, quite often walked gently around the kid, whose humanity has been exhausted by the high-priced, high-tech game device.

Writing strategies

The last sentence in paragraph 2 states the author's view.

Three contrasts have been made in paragraphs 3 -8, one in every two consecutive paragraphs. Paragraphs 3-4: the contrast between Play-Doh and video games

The conclusion: the former is creative and the latter is not.

Paragraphs 5 -6: the contrast between soccer games and chatting on the net.

The conclusion: The former helps develop kids' social abilities while the latter renders the kids poor at handling interpersonal relationships.

Paragraphs 7 -8:

the contrast between Monopoly and video games. The conclusion: While playing the former, the kids are still sensitive to the larger world around them. When playing the latter, they are simply confined to their own world.

The last two questions, one an elliptical question and the other a rhetorical question, most

effectively bring the essay to a close. The elliptical sentence forcefully pushes the reader to the thought of the grave consequence the digital games are likely to have. As the author's view has been explicitly asserted at the beginning of the essay, repetition may not be necessary. A rhetorical question here is a more effective way of saying "It is too awful to think about the lesson." Language work

I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.

1. is fed up with

2. nothing but a tool of the game like the joystick

3. to come up with quickly

4. endeavor to enhance; according to my wish

5. look away

6. has deprived their child of humanity in a powerful way

Translation

I. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets.

1. Overall the outlook for the company seems fairly rosy. 2. One of reasons why I disapprove of kids playing video games is that there tend to be too many make-believe scenes of violence.

3. Doing the same type of exercises day after day would easily get students tired of them. 4. I've arranged a lunch with him next Thursday at which I'm going to unfold my proposal. 5. Please fill in the form attached and send it to the address shown at your earliest convenience.

6. One of the biggest put-downs of the American presidential election campaign was the comment that he was "no Jack Kennedy".

7. Recently a British scholar wrote in Nature, pointing out that all the human acts are intended to engage others' attention.

8. In order to help their kids gain confidence in social competition, parents often pretend to

lose in games at home.

II. Translate the following into Chinese.

从前，人们日出而作，日落而息。没有人关心其他地方是否阳光灿烂。声音传达不到地球的另一端。时间只是一个区域性概念：挤牛奶有规定的时间，收割稻麦有规定的时间，坐下来休息也有规定的时间。不知从哪一天起，这些事情都发生了变化。今天，商务和通讯24小时不停地进行着。有线电视新闻节目中报道的事件不再是哪个小时发生的，而是一小时或30分钟前的事情。当地时间不再是一个有意义的事件标志。

Unit 10 The New Immorality

III. Answer the following questions.

1. Refer to Paragraphs 1 to 3. With two examples cited in these paragraphs we can draw the conclusion that private morality seems to be declining while social morality is seemingly growing.

2. Refer to Paragraph 3. It is a sense of the supreme importance of purely personal honor, honesty, and integrity.

3. Refer to Paragraph 5. The author is quite sure of the fact that there exists in society an interesting tendency to accept and take for granted such personal dishonesty.

4. Refer to Paragraph 5. He does not even blush for he is so indifferent to the popular behavior that he thinks it will hurt no one.

5. Refer to Paragraphs 6 and 7. No. The first part of the defense, "Everybody does it, " cannot hold water because one should be ashamed of it even though it is not yet anything wicked; nor does the second part, "it really doesn't hurt anybody," since it does hurt the self-respect of the individual, the bribe-taker or the cheater.

6. Refer to Paragraph 9. The argument is sound, but not enough because it is unsupported by the concept of personal honor only to result inevitably in a corrupt society.

7. Refer to Paragraph 10. Money, power, or fame is something outside oneself. One is by no means secure unless he possesses and depends on himself.

8. Refer to Paragraph 10. On the one hand, the author insists that one should possess himself, which means self-reliance, self-respect, and self-dignity. On the other hand, "participation in the group," or "team spirit" as is called now, is also of paramount importance.

IV . E xplain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.

1. Similar to most college cheaters, the five interviewees would be likely to claim to possess a strong social awareness.

2. These two examples illustrate the seemingly self-contradicting situation, i.e. while social morality is growing, private morality is declining.

3. Those who run social charity institutions are often found to be bribe takers.

4. Morality means the acceptance of customs and moral values of society or adherence to proper behavior, and the established way of conduct is the sole criterion of judgment.

5. The most important thing in a person's life is his own conscience and his decision to adhere to it instead of being driven by so-called social practice or acceptance.

6. They have a wrong idea of, and don't actually understand, what the real, the ultimate security means.

Writing strategies

1. T he following sentences obviously involve a comparison:

1) "Yet most of these five, like most of the college cheaters, would probably profess a strong social consciousness." 2) "Is there really any evidence that personal dishonesty is more prevalent than it always was?" 3) "Perhaps these things are not actually more prevalent." 4) "It is my conviction that though men may be no more wicked than they always have been, they seem less likely to be ashamed." 5) "Even so, I still insist that for the individual himself nothing is more important than this personal, interior sense of right and wrong and his determination to follow that rather than to be guided by what everybody does or merely the criterion of 'social usefulness'."

2. The following sentences clearly show a contrast or a paradox:

1) "They may cheat, but they vote for foreign aid and for enlightened social measures." 2) "?our seemingly great growth in social morality has oddly enough taken place in a world where private morality -- a sense of the supreme importance of purely personal honor, honesty, and integrity -- seems to be declining." 3) "Beneficent and benevolent social institutions are administered by men who all too frequently turn out to be accepting 'gifts'." 4) "The world of popular entertainment is rocked by scandal." 5) "College students, put on their honor, cheat on examination." 6) "I have never been surprised to find men wicked, but I have often been surprised to find them not ashamed." 7) "And persona, as opposed to social decency, doesn't count for much." 8) "Sociology has tended to lay exclusive stress upon social morality, and tended too often to define good and evil as merely the "socially useful" or its reverse." 9) "What social morality and social conscience leave out is the narrower but very significant concept of honor -- as opposed to what is sometimes called merely 'socially desirable conduct'." 10) "It is impossible for me to imagine a good society composed of men without honor." 11) "Even cooperation, to give this thing its most favorable designation, is no more important than the ability to stand alone when the choice must be made between the sacrifice of one's own integrity and adjustment to or participation in group activity."

12) " ?if one person alone asserts his individual and inner right to believe in and be loyal to what his fellow men seem to have given up, then at least he will still remain what is perhaps the most important part of humanity."

Language work

I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7. formally express their preference for trusted to keep their word one is justified to do it in contrast with; matter very much does not include as a part of it regards as totally acceptable cannot afford to understand

Translation

I. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets.

1. There's no need to put on that injured expression -- you're in the wrong.

2. I've always believed that pleasure and self-contentedness count more than money and fame.

3. Being under pressure can easily lead people to make the wrong decisions.

4. The elite seem content to socialize with the small circle of their own.

5. Stress should be laid upon the training of students' communicative competence in their English studies.

6. The board of directors acknowledged the financial assistance received from all sources at the company ’s most difficult time.

7. Opposition parties protested that it was a rigged election manipulated by the ruling party.

8. Many of his predictions made decades ago have turned out to be true now.

II. Translate the following into English.

Americans seem to be in a state of turmoil, both physically and mentally. We work too hard, and many die under the strain; and then to make up for that we play violently like commiting suicide. We are self-reliant and at the same time completely dependent. We are aggressive, and defenseless. We overindulge our children and do not like them; the children in turn are overly dependent and full of hate for their parents. We are complacent in our possessions, in our house, in our education, but it is hard to find a man or woman who does not want something better for the next generation. Americans are remarkably kind and hospitable and open with both guests and strangers, and yet they will make a wide circle around the man dying on the pavement. Fortunes are spent getting cats out of trees and dogs out of sewer pipes, but a girl screaming for help in the street draws only slammed doors, closed windows, and silence.