北京市概况

北京市概况

简介

北京市，简称京,直辖市,是中华人民共和国的首都!

位于中国的北部，华北平原的北沿上，除东南部与天津市接壤外，其馀被河北省环绕，北纬39°56'，东经116°20'，北

部是燕山山脉，西部是太行山脉，南面是华北大平原。北京辖区内的主要河流有永定河，潮白河、温榆河等，东距渤海

湾130公里。

北京是中国的政治中心和文化中心，也是主要的工商业城市、交通枢纽之一。北京从建城迄今已有3400多年，成为中国

的首都也有733年的历史，北京是元、明、清三个朝代的首都，是中国四大古都之一。 北京属于典型的温带大陆性季风

气候，一年四季分明，夏季酷热可达40℃，冬季寒冷可达-15℃，年平均气温11.7℃。主要的降水集中在7、8月份。

北京是中国首都，全国的政治、文化中心和国际交往的枢纽，也是一座著名的历史文化名城，与西安、洛阳、开封、南

京、杭州并列为中国六大古都。

北京已经成功举办了第二十九届夏季奥林匹克运动会。

市花： 月季、菊花 市树 ：侧柏、国槐 政府网站：首都之窗

城市竞争力

优势

(一)北京的科学技术竞争力突出由于积聚了中央科技资源，北京无论是科技投入还是科技产出均在全国具有绝对优势。

在衡量科学技术竞争力的15项指标全都排在前3位，且有10项指标居第1位。

(二)北京的人才及智力资源丰富北京是中国人才及智力资源最丰富的地区，其拥有人才的数量、质量和密度均大大高于

其他城市。在衡量人力资本竞争力的6项指标中，北京有4项排在前3位。

(三)北京的基础设施建设也具有较强的竞争力该项竞争力北京排名居第2位。在衡量城市基础设施竞争力的20项指标中，

北京有8项排在前3位。

弱势

(一)北京的企业竞争力太弱北京的企业竞争力排在第5位，是8个竞争力要素中排名较差的两个要素之一。在衡量企业竞

争力的4个因素中，除

位或第6位。

(二)北京的产业竞争力偏弱北京的产业竞争力居第5位。排名较差的主要原因是反映产业竞争力的重要因素

水平

北京历史

北京历史悠久，它作为城市的历史可以追溯到3000年前。秦汉以来，北京地区一直是中国北方的重镇，名称先後称为蓟

城、燕都、燕京、大都、北平、顺天府等等。

1、先秦至秦汉

在春秋战国时期(前770年—前221年)蓟国就在北京地区建立城市，後燕国打败蓟国，後迁都蓟，称为燕都或燕京。秦代

为蓟县，为广阳郡守驻地。汉高帝五年，被划为燕国辖地。元凤元年复为广阳郡蓟县，属幽州。 本始元年更为广阳国首

府。东汉光武改制时，置幽州刺史部于蓟县。永元八年复为广阳郡驻所。

2、两晋至隋唐

直至西晋时，朝廷改广阳郡为燕国，而幽州迁治范阳。十六国后赵时，幽州驻所迁回蓟县，燕国改设为燕郡，历经前燕

、前秦、前燕、后燕和北魏的统治而不变。直至隋开皇三年废除燕郡。但很快在大业三年，隋朝改幽州为涿郡。唐初武

德年间，涿郡复称为幽州。贞观元年，幽州划归河北道管辖。后北京成为范阳节度史的驻地。安史之乱期间，安禄山曾

经在这里称帝，建国号为“大燕”。唐朝平乱后，复置幽州，属卢龙节度史节制。

3、五代到辽金元时期

五代初期，军阀刘仁恭在这里建立割据政权，自称燕王，後被後唐消灭。辽朝于会同元年起在北京地区建立了陪都，号

南京析津府，开泰元年改号燕京。贞元元年，金朝皇帝海陵王完颜亮正式建都于北京，称为中都。此後元朝、明朝和清

朝的都城均建立在北京。 成吉思汗于1216年攻下北京，遂设置燕京路大兴府。元世祖至元元年改为中都路大兴府。至元

九年，中都大兴府正式改名为大都路，蒙古文为Khanbalik，汉字音译为汗八里、甘巴力克。

4、明清时期

明朝初年，以应天府为京师，大都路于洪武元年八月改称为北平府，同年十月划归山东行省。洪武二年三月，改为北平

承宣布政使司驻地。燕王朱棣(明成祖)发动靖难战争、夺得皇位後，于永乐元年升为北京，称为「行在」。永乐十九年

正月，明朝政府正式迁都北京，以顺天府北京为京师，南京作为留都。清朝入关后随即佔领北京，亦称京师顺天府，属

直隶省。

5、近代

1911年辛亥革命後，中华民国定都南京，民国元年迁都北京，直至民国十六年北洋政府垮台。而此时北京的地方体制仍

依清制，仍称顺天府。直至民国三年，改顺天府为京兆地方，直辖于北洋政府。北伐战争後，中国的首都迁到南京，北

京被改名为北平特别市，同时撤销京兆地方。民国十九年6月，北平被降为河北省辖市，同年12月复升为院辖市。1937年

七·七事变後，北平被日本占领，在这里成立了伪中华民国临时政府，将北平改名为北京。1945年8月21日，第十一战区

孙连仲部收复北京，并重新更名北平。1949年1月22日，傅作义决定率领25万国民革命军向中国人民解放军投降，1月31

日，中国人民解放军佔领北平。同年9月27日中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过《关于中华人民共和国国都、纪

年、国歌、国旗的决议》，北平重新更名为北京。

1949年10月1日，中华人民共和国在这里宣告成立。

行政区划

北京总面积 1.68万平方千米(中国内地的0.18%，第29位),现辖16市辖区、2县，乡级行政区划包括128街道、41地区、

126镇、15乡、4民族乡、4其它。其中地处北京二环路以内的东城、西城、崇文和宣武四个区是传统上的内城区。规划中

北京市城区的范围是北京五环路(原公路一环)以内。近年来随着城市化进程的加快，先後有

数个近郊县改为区。由于北

京市政治、文化中心的定位，工业重心正在逐渐外移。 辖区：东城区、西城区、朝阳区、丰台区、石景山区、海淀区、

门头沟区、房山区、通州区、顺义区、昌平区、大兴区、怀柔区、平谷区、密云区、延庆区。

交通便利

北京市区卫星图像北京市城区的路网结构以矩形环状为主，道路多以此为依托，与经纬线平行网状分布。

先後依托城市扩展，建设了二、三、四、五和六环路。京哈、京沈、京津塘、京石、八达岭、京承、京开等多条高速公

路和京秦铁路、京哈铁路、京沪铁路、京九铁路、京广铁路、京原铁路、京包铁路等铁路干线汇集于此，此外还有大秦

铁路过境。唯一的民用机场北京首都国际机场位于东北部的顺义卫星城附近，与市区通过机场高速公路相连接。

城市道路总长4125.8公里，道路面积4921.4万平方米。城市公路总长13597公里，公路密度每百平方公里80.9公里。地铁

线路有2条，总长54公里，年运送乘客4.3亿人次。首都机场已开通200多条国际国内航线，通往世界主要国家及地区和国

内大部分城市。首都国际机场年吞吐旅客2169万人次，进入亚洲最繁忙机场的行列。

现代通讯

北京已与世界上所有国家和地区通邮，国内直播电话可达2300个城市，国际直播电话可达260个国家和地区。2000年底，

全市公众网固定电话普及率50.8部/百人， 其中市内普及率为66.4部/百人;移动电话用户达到266万户;电子计算器互联

网用户达到56.3万户。

人口数量

北京包含全国56个民族。当中汉族占95.7%，有1322.9万人。回族、满族及蒙古族的人口均过万。截至2004年12月初，北

京市总人口已达1254.4万人，其中户籍人口1159.5万人，全市非农业人口(城镇人口)849.5万人。(中国内地的1.1%，第

26位)其中外来人口占很大比例,人口密度 889人/平方千米。

经济发展

国内生产总值 人民币4283.3亿元(2001年)(中国内地的3.1%，第15位)- 每人平均 4300美元(2004年)。

文化浓缩

胡同和四合院被认为是北京市井文化的代表和载体。全市共有2处国家重点风景名胜区、1处国家历史文化名城、1处中国

历史文化名村、60处全国重点文物保护单位，国家重点风景名胜区：八达岭—十三陵、石花洞。

气候特点

北京市的气候属于温带半湿润大陆性季风气候，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥。冬季气温常在0摄氏度附近徘徊，夏季最

高气温可达37摄氏度左右。近年来北京及华北地区春天多发沙尘暴，损害了北京的形象。为了给奥运会创造更好的环境

，国家大力对内蒙古草原、黄土高原和河北相关地区进行环境治理，最近几年北京的沙尘暴情况有所好转。

北京特色风俗和特产

北京是中国四大古都之一。有很多地方特色的民风习俗：京菜、京剧、京韵大鼓、景泰蓝、牙雕、漆雕、赛蝈蝈和蝈蝈

笼。

旅游资源

北京具有丰富的旅游资源，对外开放的旅游景点达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家花园北海

、皇家园林颐和园，还有八达岭、慕田峪、司马台长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等各胜古迹。全市共有文物古迹

7309项，其中国家文物保护单位42个，市级文物保护单位222个。北京的市树为国槐和侧柏，市花为月季和菊花。另外，

北京出产的象牙雕刻、玉器雕刻、景泰蓝、地毯等传统手工艺品驰誉世界。

北京还有很多风景名胜。明清时期便有燕京八景之说。现今北京的主要旅游景点包括：天安门广场、人民大会堂、天坛(

世界文化遗产，1998年)、故宫(又称紫禁城，教科文组织世界文化遗产，1987年)、什刹海、八达岭长城(世界文化遗产

，1987年)、颐和园(世界文化遗产，1998年)、圆明园遗址公园、明十三陵(世界文化遗产，2003年)、北海公园、慕田峪

长城、司马台长城、金山岭长城、居庸关长城、箭扣长城、周口店北京猿人遗址(世界文化遗产，1987年)、北京动物园

、北京植物园、恭亲王府花园、西山八大处、奥林匹克公园，王府井大街。

寺庙与教堂

古都北京有着众多的文化古迹，寺庙便是她的代表作之一。曾经的北京，寺庙遍布京城每个角落，而如今已经所剩不多

，这些仅存的寺庙也成为了最後的京都遗梦。法源寺、戒台寺、潭柘寺 、广济寺 、法海寺、万寿寺、王府井东堂。

老北京胡同

北京的胡同反映了北京的四合院建筑特色和北京的民风民俗，是一个游览的景点。东交民巷最长的胡同、一尺大街最短

的胡同、灵境胡同最宽的胡同、小喇叭口胡同最短的胡同、九湾胡同拐弯最多的胡同、钱市胡同最窄的胡同、砖塔胡同

最古老的胡同、国子监街文庙和国子监所在地、小杨家胡同就是《四世同堂》中的小羊圈胡同、禄米仓胡同、新鲜胡同

。

商业中心

初具雏形的CBD一隅王府井、西单、前门、大栅栏(特色商品)、琉璃厂(古玩、文物)、中国国际贸易中心及CBD商业圈、

亮马桥及燕莎商业圈、中关村(电子产品)、鼓楼前、潘家园(古玩、文物、书籍)、新天桥(花鸟市场)、方庄、三里屯 (

酒吧一条街)、秀水街、红桥市场。

北京的大学

2000-2001年度北京普通高等学校59所，成人高等学校61所，研究生培养机构177家。例如：北京大学、清华大学、中国

人民大学、北京科技大学、中国石油大学、北京邮电大学、中国农业大学、北京林业大学、北京中医药大学、北京师范

大学、北京外国语大学、中央财经大学、中国政法大学、中央民族大学、中国人民公安大学、首都师范大学、中国传媒

大学、国际关系学院、中央美术学院、中央戏剧学院、中央音乐学院、北京电子科技学院、外交学院、中国青年政治学

院等等!

中华人民共和国成立後历任北京市领导人

市委书记：彭真、李雪峰、谢富治、吴德、林乎加、段君毅、李锡铭、陈希同、尉健行、贾庆林、刘淇。

市长：叶剑英、聂荣臻、彭真、吴德(代市长)、谢富治、吴德、林乎加、焦若愚、陈希同、李其炎、贾庆林(1996年代理

，1997年转正)、刘淇、孟学农、王岐山(2003年代理，2004年转正)

对外交往

北京与世界各国、各地区的经济、贸易、科技、教育、文化等领域的交流日益加强。政府、民间和社会团体之间的友好

往来十分活跃。北京市与72个国家的124个首都和大城市有友好往来关系，其中已与24个国家的27个城市建立了友好关系

。北京现有外国驻华大使馆137个，国际组织和地区代表机构17个，外国新闻机构190个。在北京设立的国外驻京代表机

构已超过7000家，外国留学生17000多人。北京曾成功地举办了第11届亚运会，第四届世界妇女大会、第21届世界大学生

运动会等大型国际会议。1998年来，每年都成功举办以高新技术产业为主题的大型国际活动-北京高新技术产业国际周。

2002年，北京地区外贸进出口总值525.1亿美元，其中出口总值126.1亿美元。2002年，实际利用外资51亿美元。全球最

大500家跨国公司已有160多家来京投资。

名人故居

主要集中在东城、西城两个城区。这是因为当年北京的城圈儿不大，出了现在的二环路就算是城外了。

老北京城的宅子有“东富西贵”、“北贫南贱”之分，东西城的房子院落普遍比南城北城好。而清朝时期，汉人不能在

内城定居，城南成了进京赶考的举子和文人墨客居住的场所，老北京的会馆绝大多数都集中在宣武区。民国以来，当年

住在豪宅大院的王爷和官宦的后代，纷纷卖房租房，以维持生计，所以，他们住过的宅子，成了名人或买或租的住所。

北京的名人故居主要分三类：一类是中国当代革命史上名人住过的宅院。另一类是近代和当代的文化名人居住过，有的

在此去世的房子。第三类是历史上有名的人的宅子。这个名儿就复杂点了，名人有好名儿也有坏名儿，但总归说他是名

人，如李莲英、段祺瑞、张作霖等，用现在的“中性”词儿说，这些人都属“历史人物”，或者说是“历史名人”。如

李莲英虽然是形象并不好的太监，可是他在中国近代史上的作用却不能小视，所以他的名字妇孺皆知。

目前，北京的名人故居，被列入国家重点文物保护单位的有两处：宋庆龄故居，郭沫若故居。被列为北京市文物保护单

位的有11处：鲁迅故居、毛泽东故居、李大钊故居、孙中山先生逝世纪念地、朱彝尊故居(顺德会馆)、康有为故居、梅

兰芳故居、程砚秋故居、齐白石故居、老舍故居、茅盾故居。

古来燕京有痕迹，坐北朝南分东西;

不问此前故旧事，科技创业北京人!

Beijing general situation

Introduction to the

Beijing, jing for short, municipality directly under the central government, is the capital of the People's Republic of China!

Located in the north of China, north along the north China plain, except the southeastern border with tianjin, the remaining http://www.xcjlygw.com/ surrounded by hebei province, north latitude 39 ° 56 ', longitude 116 ° 20 ', north

Is the yanshan mountains, is the taihang mountains in the west and the south is the great plains of north China. Within the jurisdiction of Beijing's major rivers have yongding river, the chaobai river, wenyu river, east of the bohai sea

Bay, 130 kilometers.

Beijing is the political center and cultural center of China, is also one of the major industrial and commercial city, traffic hub. Beijing so far has 3400 years, from the construction in China

Also has a history of 733 years, the capital of Beijing is the capital of the yuan, Ming and qing dynasties, is one of China's four big ancient capital. Beijing belongs to a typical temperate continental monsoon

Climate, clear throughout the year, the summer heat up to 40 ℃, the winter cold can reach to 15 ℃, annual average temperature 11.7 ℃. The main rainfall concentrated in July and August.

Beijing is the capital of China, the country's political and cultural center and international communication hub, is also a famous historical and cultural city, and xi 'an, luoyang, kaifeng, south

Beijing, hangzhou and listed as the six ancient capitals in China.

Beijing has successfully hosted the 29th summer Olympic Games.

Flower: Chinese rose, chrysanthemum were: using scholar government website: the window of the capital

Urban competitiveness

advantage

(a) the central Beijing science and technology competitiveness of prominent due to the accumulated resources of science and technology, Beijing science and technology input and output of science and technology has absolute advantage in the country.

In all the 15 indicators of science and technology competitiveness in the top three, and

there are 10 indicators in a 1.

(2) personnel and intellectual resources in Beijing Beijing is China's most abundant talents and intellectual resources, it has the talent quantity, quality and density were significantly higher

Other cities. In the six indicators of competitiveness of human capital, there are four in the top three in Beijing.

(3) the construction of infrastructure in Beijing also has strong competitiveness in the competitiveness of Beijing in second place. In the 20 indicators of competitiveness of city infrastructure,

There are eight in the top three in Beijing.

The weak

(a) enterprise competitiveness in Beijing is too weak in Beijing ranked no. 5 in the competitiveness of enterprises, the poor of the eight elements of one of the two elements. In measuring the enterprise competition

For four factors, in addition to the

Place or sixth.

(ii) weak competitiveness of industries in Beijing Beijing's industry competitiveness in the fifth. Ranking of the main causes of poor is an important factor reflecting the industry competitiveness

Level

Beijing history

Beijing has a long history, as the city's history can be traced back to 3000 years ago. Since the qin and han dynasties, Beijing has always been a town in northern China, the name has called the thistle

City, YanDou, yanjing, mostly, Peiping, tianfu, and so on.

1, the pre-qin period to the qin and han dynasties

In the spring and autumn period and the warring states period (770-221) before the thistle countries build cities in the Beijing area, after never beat thistle, moved the capital after the thistle, called YanDou or yanjing. The qin dynasty

To jixian, guang Yang JunShou headquarters. Han Gao Di five years, have been set aside for yan lightly. For the broad range of the first year of yuan feng Yang county jixian, belongs to the state. Beginning the first year of a more widespread Yang first

The government. The light of the eastern han dynasty wu restructuring, deep and remote secretariat of state department in jixian. Yong yuan eight years for guang Yang county resident.

2, jin dynasties to sui and tang dynasties

Until the western jin dynasty, the imperial government change for yan guang Yang county,

the state moved from cure. In the sixteen countries HouZhao, deep and remote state back to jixian, yan (change set as YanJun, after the former yan

, QianQin, before yan, HouYan and northern wei dynasty and the rule of the same. Until the sui emperor abolished YanJun three years. But soon the cause for three years, the sui dynasty changed state for zhu county. In the arms

Years, zhu county after referred to as the state. First year in drawing, deep and remote state jurisdiction of hebei road. After Beijing became a 22-year-old young man festival history of compound. During an lushan, troops stationed

The peanuts, here's number is

3, the five dynasties to the liao yuan period

Early five generations, the warlord LiuRenGong here where regime, claim to be the prince, the later tang dynasty after elimination. Evolvement in conjunction with the first established the capital in Beijing area, number

Analysis of nanjing jin fu, the first year of kaitai GaiHao yanjing. Zhenyuan, of the first year of emperor rulers' wang yan hong liang officially based in Beijing, as in all. Since the yuan dynasty, the Ming and qing

In the capital city are set up in Beijing. Genghis khan captured Beijing in 1216, then set the yanjing daxing road house. Back to yuanyuan years instead of daxing road house. To the yuan

In nine years, daxing government officially changed its name to mostly road, the Mongolian Khanbalik, transliterated into sweat in the eight characters, barrick.

4, the Ming and qing dynasties

In the early Ming dynasty, in order to should tianfu as the imperial capital, mostly in August of the first year of road Yu Hongwu renamed beiping mansion, in October in shandong province. Hongwu 2 years in March, instead to Peiping

ChengXuan originally division headquarters. The prince zhu di (Ming) to war, win the throne, was the first to Beijing, referred to as the

In the first month, the Ming dynasty government officially moved the capital to Beijing in tianfu Beijing as the capital, nanjing as a stay. The qing shanhaiguan immediately occupied Beijing, also known as jingshi, tianfu

ZhiLiSheng.

5, modern

After the revolution in 1911, the republic of China its capital in nanjing, capital of the first year of the republic of China, Beijing down until 16 years beiyang government of the republic of China. While the system is still in Beijing

According to the qing dynasty, refers to the tianfu. Until three years of the republic of China, suitable for JingZhao tianfu, crown in beiyang government. After the northern expedition, China moved to nanjing, the capital of the north

The city of Beijing was renamed beiping particularly, at the same time cancel JingZhao place. June 19 years of the republic of China, Beijing has been reduced to the hebei provincial government, in December't to court over the city. In 1937,

After seven, seven events, Peiping was occupied by Japan, the false provisional government of the republic of China is established here, the name of beiping to Beijing. On August 21, 1945, 11 war zone

Sun Lianzhong department, the Beijing recovered and renamed beiping again. On January 22, 1949, fu zuoyi decision led 25 national revolutionary army surrendered to the Chinese people's liberation army (PLA), January 31

Chinese people's liberation army occupied beiping. In the same year on September 27, the first plenary session of the Chinese people's political consultative conference through

Years, national anthem and flag resolution, beiping renamed Beijing again.

On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was proclaimed here.

The administrative area

Beijing, with a total area of 1.68 square kilometers (0.18% of mainland China, 29th), jurisdiction 16 municipal districts and 2 counties, the township administrative divisions including 128 streets, 41 region,

The town of 126, four other 15 townships, nationality townships, and 4. Within the second ring road is located in Beijing's dongcheng, xicheng, chongwen and xuanwu four area is traditionally the inner city. In the planning

The scope of the urban area of Beijing is Beijing jingshi (the original one ring road). In recent years, with the speeding up of urbanization, has several near suburban county area instead. Due to the north

K. political and cultural center of positioning, industrial offset center of gravity is gradually. Jurisdiction: dongcheng district, xicheng district, chaoyang, fengtai, the shijingshan district, haidian district,

Mentougou district and fangshan district, tongzhou district, shunyi, changping district, daxing district, huairou district, pinggu district, miyun area, yanqing area.

The transportation is convenient

Downtown Beijing satellite images of Beijing urban road network structure is given priority to with rectangular ring, road as the backing, more parallel mesh and geographic distribution.

Based on urban expansion, construction successively for two, three, four, five and six ring. Jingha, beijing-shenyang, bearing the beijing-tianjin-hebei, beijing-shijiazhuang, badaling, Beijing, Beijing and other multiple expressway

Road and JingQinTieLu, jingha railway, beijing-shanghai railway, beijing-kowloon railway, beijing-guangzhou railway, Beijing railway package, Beijing railway, railway converge to in addition to daqin

Rail transit. The only civil airport near the northeast of Beijing capital international airport

is located in shunyi satellite city, connected to the city through the airport highway.

With 4125.8 kilometers of city road, the road area of 49.214 million square meters. City road 13597 kilometers, 80.9 kilometers road density per million square kilometers. The subway

Have 2 lines, with 54 kilometers, transport people 430 million years. Capital airport has opened more than 200 international and domestic routes, leading to the world's major countries and regions and countries

Most of the city. The capital international airport in throughput of 21.69 million passengers, enter the range of the most busy airports in Asia.

Modern communications

Beijing has with all countries and regions in the world, postal services, domestic direct line can be up to 2300 cities, international direct telephone can amount to 260 countries and regions. At the end of 2000,

Public sites fixed telephone penetration rate of 50.8 / one hundred people in the city, the city of 66.4 telephones per one hundred people; Mobile phone users reached 2.66 million; Electronic calculators interconnection

Internet users reached 563000.

population

Beijing consists of 56 ethnic groups in the country. Among the han nationality accounts for 95.7%, with 13.229 million people. The population of the hui, manchu and Mongolian all over. As of December 2004, the north

K. population has reached 12.544 million people, of which the population of 11.595 million people, the non-agricultural population in the city (town) population of 8.495 million people. (1.1% of China's mainland

26) floating population accounts for a large proportion of the population density is 889 people/sq km.

The economic development

Gross domestic product (GDP) to 428.33 billion yuan (2001) (3.1% of mainland China, 15) - per capita of $4300 (2004).

Cultural enrichment

Beijing hutongs and courtyard houses are considered to be representative and carrier of street culture. The city a total of 2 national key scenic spots, 1 national famous historical and cultural city, 1 in China

Historic and cultural village, national key cultural relics protection units, 60 national key scenic spot: the badaling, the Ming tombs, Shi Huadong.

The climate characteristics

Beijing's climate is temperate sub-humid continental monsoon climate, hot and rainy summer, winter cold and dry. Winter temperatures hovering at 0 degrees Celsius, often in the summer the most

High temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. In recent years in Beijing and multiple spring sandstorm in north China, damaged the image of Beijing. In order to create a better environment for the Olympics

, the state vigorously in Inner Mongolia grassland, the loess plateau and environmental governance related areas in hebei, Beijing has dust storms, matters have improved in recent years.

Beijing customs and specialty

Beijing is one of China's four big ancient capital. There are a lot of local characteristics of folk customs in Beijing cuisine, Beijing Opera, JingYun drums, cloisonne,.chinese, carved lacquerware, guo guo and guo guo

Cage.

Tourism resources

Beijing has rich tourism resources, tourist attractions of opening to the outside world more than 200, is the world's largest palace, the Forbidden City, temple of heaven to worship the temple, imperial gardens in the north sea

, imperial garden Summer Palace, badaling, mutianyu and simatai Great Wall and the world's largest courtyard respectful wang fu and so on various sites. A total of cultural relics in the city

7309 items, including the national cultural relics protection unit 42, 222 municipal cultural relics protection units. Beijing were made for the pagoda tree and arborvitae, flower for Chinese rose and chrysanthemum. In addition,

Beijing produce of ivory carving, jade carving, cloisonne, carpet and other traditional handicrafts ChiYu world.

There are many scenic spots in Beijing. During the Ming and qing dynasties have yanjing eight sights. Today's Beijing's major tourist attractions include: tiananmen square, the great hall of the people, the temple of heaven,

The world cultural heritage, 1998), the imperial palace (also called the Forbidden City, UNESCO world cultural heritage, 1987), quadrangles, the badaling Great Wall (the world cultural heritage

, 1987), the Summer Palace, a world cultural heritage, 1998), the yuanmingyuan ruins park, the Ming tombs (world cultural heritage, 2003), the north sea park, mutianyu

The Great Wall, simatai Great Wall, jinshanling Great Wall, the juyongguan Great Wall the Great Wall, the arrow button, zhoukoudian Peking man site (world cultural heritage, 1987), the Beijing zoo

, Beijing botanical garden, the palace garden, xishan badachu, Olympic park, wangfujing street.

Temples and churches

With many cultural relics, ancient capital of Beijing temple is one of the representative work of her. Once in Beijing, temples around the city every corner, and now don't have much

, the only remaining temples became the Kyoto '. Source temple, both jie tai, wide involved, who dhi temple, temple, Wan Shousi, wangfujing east hall.

Old Beijing hutong

Beijing's hutongs reflects Beijing siheyun architectural features and the folk customs of Beijing, is a tourist scenic spots. Willow road is the longest hutong, the shortest one foot street

The widest hutongs hutongs, lingjinghutong hutong, small bell mouth the shortest hutongs hutongs, nine bay curve most hutongs hutongs, money city hutong the narrow hutongs, 2-foot-tall tower hutong

The oldest hutongs, location of guozijian street Confucian temple and guozijian, small Yang's hutong is in

.

Business center

In a corner of the fledgling CBD wangfujing and xidan, the front door, dashilan (goods), liulichang (antiques, artifacts), China international trade center and CBD business circle, Bright and maqiao yansha business circle, the zhongguancun (electronic products), before the drum tower, panjiayuan (antiques, cultural relics, books) and new Bridges, flowers and birds market, fangzhuang, sanlitun (

Bar street), silk street, think.

Beijing university

Ordinary institutions of higher learning in Beijing from 2000 to 2001, 59, 61 adult higher schools, the graduate training institutions, 177. For example: Beijing university, tsinghua university, China

Renmin university, Beijing university of science and technology, China university of petroleum, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications, China agricultural university, Beijing forestry university, Beijing university of Chinese medicine, Beijing normal

University, Beijing foreign studies university, central university of finance and economics, China university of political science and law, the central university for nationalities, the Chinese people's public security university, capital normal university, the Chinese media University, institute of international relations, the central academy of fine arts, central academy of drama, the central music institute, Beijing institute of electronic science and technology, foreign affairs college, the China youth political science

The courtyard, and so on.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China as the leaders of Beijing

Communist party secretary, peng zhen, li xuefeng, Xie Fuzhi, Wu De, Lin addition, Duan Junyi, Li Ximing, struggles among top leaders appear, WeiJianHang, jia qinglin, Mr Liu. Mayor: ye jianying, nie rongzhen, peng zhen, Wu De (acting), Xie Fuzhi, Wu De, Lin,

JiaoReYu, struggles among top leaders appear, Li Jiyan, jia qinglin (1996 agents

, obtainment of 1997), liu qi, Meng Xuenong, wang (agents, 2003, 2004, become a full member)

Foreign communication

Beijing with the rest of the world, regional economic, trade, science and technology, education, cultural exchanges increasingly strengthen. The friendly between government, private and social groups

Exchanges are very active. Beijing and 124 in the capital and big cities in 72 countries have friendly relationship, which has been with 27 cities in 24 countries established a friendly relationship

. Existing foreign embassy in Beijing, 137, 17, international organizations and regional representative offices of foreign news agencies, 190. Set up of foreign investors in Beijing on behalf of the machine

Structure, which has more than 7000, more than 7000 foreign students. Beijing has successfully held the 11th Asian games, the fourth world conference on women, the 21st world university

Games and other large international conference. Every year over the past 1998 years, the success of the new and high technology industries as the subject of major international events - Beijing high and new technology industries.

In 2002, Beijing area foreign trade import and export value of $52.51 billion, including exports of $12.61 billion. In 2002, the actual use of foreign capital of $5.1 billion. The world's most

Big 500 multinational company has more than 160 investment in Beijing.

A celebrity's former residence

Mainly concentrated in dongcheng, xicheng two city. This is because the Beijing city circle is not big, the outside the second ring road of even now.

Old Beijing house has

Inner city, south of the city became the highest for officials and scholars living places, old guild mostly concentrated in the xuanwu district of Beijing. The republic of China

Live in a person of extraordinary powers curtilage courtyard of report and the offspring of the senators, are selling rent, to http://www.xcjlygw.com/post/69.html make a living, so they lived in the house, became a celebrity or buy or rent a house.

The former residence of celebrities in Beijing three main points: one kind is the contemporary Chinese revolution on celebrities lived in house. Another kind is the modern and contemporary cultural celebrities lived, there is

Died in the house. The third kind is the history of the famous person's house. The prizes for complex, celebrity has good prizes has bad son, but always say he is a

People, such as li3 lian2 ying, tuan chi-jui, Peiping, use the

Li3 lian2 ying image though it is not good the eunuch, but his role in China's modern history cannot be lightly, so his name is known to all housewives.

At present, the former residence of celebrities in Beijing, was listed in the national key cultural relics protection units of the two: soong ching ling's former residence, guo moruo's former residence. Is listed as one of the Beijing cultural heritage protection list

A there are 11: lu xun's former residence, MAO zedong's former residence, residence of li dazhao memorial, sun yat-sen's death, zhu yi-zun's former residence (shunde hall), kang youwei, mei

LanFang former residence of Lao she's former residence, Cheng Yanqiu former residence, qi baishi, MAO dun's former residence.

Ancient yanjing traces, sits points;

Don't ask, don't after the old things, science and technology entrepreneurship from Beijing!