中考英语笔记[1]

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

初三英语语法词组

240条

余成柯

1、①not „„until 短暂性动词 ②till(until) 持续性动词

2、in trouble/danger 表示处于什么状态

3、表示原因①because 用于why 的回答

②句子，+ for + 句子(非唯一原因) 补充说明„„

③since(由于，既然) 众所周知的原因

④as （正如） 众所周知的原因

4、表示方式①with + 具体工具 with a pencil 用铅笔写的 ②by + v-ing ③in + 材料

5、有数词修饰是不能用far ①Far (away) from here ②200 km (away) from here

6、hear from 收到某人来信 hear of 听说

7、be filled with == be full of

8、倒装句：方位、时间、地点介词放在句首，主谓倒装看主语。主语是人称代词是不用倒装，如果主语是一般性名词则要倒装。

9、表示是否 ①if ② whether Ⅰ. 后面又or „„not 或or 的句子要用whether 而不是if Ⅱ. 后面跟to do sth. (不定式) Ⅲ. 介词 + whether

10、make ①制作 He make a kite to make her happy

②使„„ make sb. + 宾语①do sth.

②形容词 1. sb. be made to do

③名词 2. make oneself done

11、 ①either ……两者选其一 谓语动词用单数

②Any…………三者及以上任何一个 谓语动词用单数

③ Neither……两者都不 谓语动词用单数

④ None………三者及以上都不 谓语动词用单数

12、掉下来 ①Fall of the bike(直接跟名词)

②加介词——加名词)

13、either side === both sides each side表示四周环绕

14、①in the future 从现在开始的将来 ②in future 以后开始的将来

15、全中国 across China === all over China

16、接受、收到 ① receive 客观上 ② accept 主观上（经过思考）

例:He received a gift but he didn’t accept it.

17、提供 provide sth. for sb. ==== provide sb. with sth.

18、make sb. crazy/mad ==== drive sb. crazy/mad 把某人逼疯

19、I don’t think /suppose he is a good student,is he?

He doesn’t think/suppose she is a good student,does he?

20、具体的山用Mount Mount Tai 泰山 很多山 mountains

21、wish + 从句 ① 与现在事实相反（一把过去时）

② 与过去事实相反（过去完成时） （愿望不可实现）

22、比较级 ①必须同等比较

The waves in Hawaii are higer

in other places Those/the ones 复数 不可数名词 + that

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

②修饰比较级的词语No/much /a lot/bit/little /even/far/still

23、①The + 序数词 （第„„个） ②a + 序数词 (再一次，又一次)

24、①be strict with sb. ②be strict in sth.

25、There is no sign of sb./sth 没有某人/物的迹象

26、

make (good/full) use of（好好/充分）利用某物

27、某人的家园

28、graduate from„„school 从„„学校毕业 graduation 毕业生

29、Not only„„but also(不但„„而且) Not only I but also he 就近原则

Not only + 句子（部分倒装）but also + 句子

例：Not only do I feel good about hoping other people,but (also) I get to spend time doing what I love to do.

30、be similar to === take after === look like

31、call up === call on 号召，召集 Call (sb.) up 给某人打电话

Call on sb. 拜访某人 Call at sp. 拜访某地

32、run across === meet with sb.偶遇 Run back to 追溯到== date back to

33、The salt in the South well. A.was produced B. produced

一个简单句子中不能同是有两个及以上谓语动词

34、be famous as 作为„„而出名 be famous for 因„„而出名

35、be amazed at 对„„惊讶

36、by accident == by chance 偶然

37、 The danger

38、what if == what will happen if

39、hide sth.from sb. protect „„from keep/stop/prevent„„from doing

40、a place of interest 名胜

41、in the interest of sb. 为了某人的利益

42、get sb. to do === have sb. do

43、fall into 落入 fall down（from + sp.）从„„摔下 fall off + 地点

44、take an active part in 积极参加

45、knock at/on 敲门 Knock into 与„„相撞

46、sth. interest sb.== sb. be interest in sth.

47.aloud(没有比较级和最高级) speak/read aloud Loud Loudly 喧闹

48.in a low/high voice 49.deal with how to deal with„„ Do with what to do with„„

50. 参加 join 加入组织成为其中一员 take part in 参加比赛等

join sb. in 加入到某人当中一起去 attend 参加正式会议等

51.sometimes == at times 有时候 Sometime 将来某时

Some time一段时间 Some times几次

52.influence on sth/ sb. affect v. /effect n. have an effect on sth/sb.

53.go by时间流逝 go over 复习 go into = enter 进入 go out 出去/熄灭

go on to do 继续做不同的事 go doing 继续做同一件事

go up 上升 没有被动语态 go down 下降 没有被动语态

54.feel/sound/smell/taste/look 感官动词（系动词）+ 形容词

55.a number of许多 + 名词复数 + 谓复

The number of „„的数量 + 名词复数 + 谓单

56. （it is）+ 强调部分 + (that) + 其他成分

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

如果是强调句，去掉（ ）内成分，仍然是一个完整的句子。

57.it 一模一样的一个 One 类似的一个 That 上文提及到的（句子）

58.be short for „„的缩写

59. 反意疑问句

（1）I am having an English lesson,aren’t I.

（2）陈述部分是“there be”句型，疑问部分仍用there

There used to be a river here,didn’t there?

（3）情态动词 your brother can swim,can’t he?

（4）在肯定祈使句中可以用will you/would you/won’t you

在否定祈使句中只能用will you

Don ’t be late,will you?

（5）let ’s go,shall we? Let us go,will you?

（6）He never watches me,can he?

(有否定前缀或后缀的句子不同于上这) 例：She is unhappy,isn’t she?

（7）陈述部分主语是指人的不定代词时，疑问部分用they/he 等

陈述部分主语是指物的不定代词时，疑问部分用it

第一人称 + think/believe/guess/suppose + 从句，疑问部分看从句

You told that he won’t come,didn’t you?

He never said he was a good student,did he?

I don’t think you are right,are you?

I don’t believe he studies well,does he?

(8)谓语是wish, 疑问部分用may + 主语

I wish to have a word with you,may I?

He ought to know what to do,oughtn’t you?

You ’d better read it by yourself,hadn’t you?

陈述部分是would rather时，疑问部分用wouldn ’t

He must be a doctor,isn’t he?

Must have done 表示对过去的猜测

Neither you nor I am an engineer,are we?

60. 宾语从句 陈述句（that ）„„and that 陈述句 一般疑问句 if/wether

特殊疑问句 + 主语 + 谓语

61.divide into 把整体分成若干部分 divide （除以） 8 divided by 2 is 4.

Separete „„from 把两个不同的分开

62.mistake A for B / make oneself mistaken 使自己被别人误解

63.in this way这样 / in a way从某种角度看

64.sth.. be well worth doing 值得做某事=be very worthing to be done

65.for fun === for pleasure

66. 计量：主语 + be + 数字 + 量词 + 形 + away/old(历史)/wide/long/thick/high

67.the aim of „„的目标 / aim at针对

68.one „„the other/others one „„another „„the other some others（没有范围）

Some the others（有指定的范围）

69.lie —lied —lied 说谎 Lie —lay —Lain 躺下 Lay —laid —laid 下蛋，放置

70.hang --- hanged --- hanged绞死，上吊 / hang --- hung --- hung悬挂

71.It is believe that + 从句 People believe that + 从句

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

It ’s said/reported that + 名词 It ’s well-known that + 名词

72.at hone and abroad在国内外

73.develop 发展/发育/照片扩印 developed country发达国家 developing country发展中国家

74.the other day用一般过去时 in the few/last day用现在完成时 since then用现在完成时

75.found （建立）--- founded

76.You are wanted on the phone.

77.a great deal of + 不可数名词 a good many + 可数名词复数

a number of + 可数名词复数

78.be back normal回归正常

79.at table吃饭 at one’s table在桌子旁边

80. what a pain痛苦 what a pity遗憾 what a shame可笑

81.get dressed穿好衣服 no wonder难怪

82. come close adj. 接近的，亲密的 come close adv. 接近地 feel close to do

83.wait for sb.to do 等某人去做某事

84.rush out冲出 rush into冲进 rush hour高峰时段 a rushed trip一次仓促的旅行

85.on time准时 in time及时

86. come/pass by经过

87. give sb. a ride搭便车

88.make it sth.成功做某事

89.play jokes on others开别人的玩笑

90. 过去完成时

(1)表示过去的过去，由when 或by 引导的短语或从句做时间状语或时间状语从句。

例：By the end of last year,I had learned about one thousand English words.

(2)by the time + 句子

(3)by the end of + 过去时间----主句用过去完成时

by the end of + 现在时间----主句用现在完成时

by the end of + 将来时间——主句用将来时

91.it will be + 名词/形容词 there will be + 名词

92.every + 基数词 + 名词 （隔几个，每„„）

例：every four years每四年 every other day/line隔一天/行

93.on one’s own靠某人自己

94.so that + 句子 为了，目==in order that So „„ that + 句子 如此„„以至于

95.so beautiful a girl === such a beautiful girl

96.another two == two more

97. 不再no more + 数量，程度 不再no longer + 时间

98.deep adv. (1)深深地 (2)长久(时间); 过迟地 (3)正常比赛区外限地

例：talk deep into the night谈到深夜 drink deep痛饮

The shortstops were playing deep.棒球游击手站在场区外很远的地方。

deeply adv. (1)深深地 (2)强烈地 (3)(颜色) 浓 (4)(声音) 低沉

例：be deeply versed in精通, 深通 deeply blue深蓝色的

99. at a time一次 at one time曾经

100. show up出席 show off炫耀 show sb. around sp.带某人参观某地

101.It is well-known„„that „„ 总所周知的

102.druy 药，毒品

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

103. 电梯（手扶的）escalator 电梯(有门的)lift

104.magic(魔术) → magician(魔术师)

105.dress up装扮 dress oneself/sb. be dressed in + 颜色/衣服 get dressed + 穿好衣服

106. lead --- led --- led引导 lead (介词) 引导 lead 介词) sth.

107.certain adj. 某个 a certain shop

certain adj. === sure be certain about sth. == be sure about sth.

108. go ahead == please do it

109. exchange A for B 把A 兑换成B 110. 句表示进展过程，while 只表示一段时间。

(1)When he left the house, I was sitting in the garden.当他离开家时，我正在院子里坐着。

(2)When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock.当他到家时，正是九点钟。

(3)As he grew older, he became more intelligent.随着他年龄的增长，他变得更有才智了。

(4)While he was in London,he studied music.当他在伦敦时，他学习音乐。

(5)While she was typing the letter,the telephone rang.当她在用打字机打那封信时，电话响了。

111. if,whether 这两个词都能引出宾语从句，词义是“是否”。if 为口语体。有时两个词可以通用，但是当所引出的从句为介词宾语或不定式短语时，则只能用whether 。

(1)My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.我妻子想知道玛丽是否需要帮忙。

(2)He wants to know if you are tired.他想知道你是否累了。

下面两句中的whether 都可以用if 代替

(1)I wonder whether she will be able to come.我怀疑她是否能来。

(2)I don't know whether it's large enough.我不知道这是否够大。

但下面各句中只能用whether

(1)You haven't answered the question of whether you'll go with us or not.

你还没有回答你是否跟我们去的问题。

(2)I don't know whether to go or stay.我不知道是去还是留。

112.at/on the corner „„外的角落或街道某个拐角处 In the corner „„内的角落

113.not anybody = no body (全部否定) not everybody(部分否定)

114. 115.beat 打败; 击打；心脏跳动 （1）beat sb./the team打败某人/对 (2)beat the drums击鼓

117.in order(not)to == so as(not)to

118.be in debt to sb.欠某人的债

119.be of great help == be very helpful

120121.take on呈现，雇佣 take out拿出

take in吸收；理解；欺骗 take up占据（时间，空间; 从事于

122.on purpose故意的 for the puepose of doing目的是为了

123.prefer ——preferred shake---shook----shake Shake hands === hand shake

124.drop by +(地点) 顺便拜访 drop in on sb.拜访某人== call on sb.

drop in at sp. 拜访某地== call at sp.

125介词) 坚持

126.point to远指 point at近指

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

127.gragually === little by little逐渐地

128.bottoms up底部朝上（一干而尽）

129.should have done应该做的事情而没有做 need have done需要做的事情而没有做

130.for the first time第一次见面

131.need to be done ==== need doing

132.pick up拾起；端起；接送；接收频道

133.every time === whenever

134.Please behave yourself请礼貌一点儿 at the dinner table == table manners

135.look/be familiar with sth./to sb.

136.for one thing首先 for another thing其次

137. 在定语从句中，从句部分有逗号，不能用that ，应该用which 等。

138.almost == nearly(几乎)

139.combin A with B （结合A 和B ）

140.learn by oneself === teach oneself

141.the first time === when当„„时

142.a little + 不可数名词 a bit of + 不可数名词

143.not a bit === not at all not a little === very much

144.be relaxed about对„„宽松的

145.The first thing is greet the teacher.第一件事就是和老师打招呼。

146. 句子，+ 表示伴随动作

147.therefore(有逗号) ==== so(无逗号)

148.die out灭绝

149.tell/discover the truth揭开真相

150.thought counts礼轻情意重 second and minutes count争分夺秒

Offer the most at the best price物美价廉

151.thanks to由于，幸亏 thanks for由„„而感谢

152.congratulation to sb./on sth. 祝贺某人/某事

153.we each + 谓语动词复数 each of us + 谓语动词单数

154.more than one +可数名词单数+谓语动词单数 many a + 可数名词单数+ 谓语动词单数

155.what he says and what he does + 谓语动词复数 what he says and does +谓语动词单数

The teacher and doctor is his mother. The teacher and the doctor are his friends.

156.sth. suit/fit sb. suit sb.fine fit/suitable for sth. sth. match sth.(匹配)

157.keep fit === keep healthy === keep in a good health 159

160. 具有否定意义的词放在句首（no longer„„），后面的句子要部分倒装。

161162163.put up张贴；举起；修建 put off推迟 put out扑灭（go out灯、火熄灭）

put on穿上 put in/into输入 put down写下，放下 put away整理 put up with忍受

164.build 房屋建造 establish 组织成立 found 政府部门等成立 set/put up

165.think up === come up with

166.with pleasure未做某事而乐意去做

It ’s my pleasure别人对你表示感谢=== you’re welcome

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

167.shut off == turn off shut up闭嘴

168.at once == right away == immediately == in no time

169.appreciate sb./doing感激

170.donate sth. === give sth. away捐赠

171.be proud of == take pride in

172. some day将来某一天 one day将来/过去某一天

173.be going to do 计划好/有征兆性的 will do没有征兆

174.had no„„when „„还没等„„就„„ Had no sooner„„than 刚„„就„„

175. 主动形式表示被动意义Wash/clean/cook/iron/look/cut/sell/read/wear/feel/draw/write/drive

例：The book sells well. This knife cuts easily

177. be made of用... 造成(用于原材料显而易见的场合)

be made from由... 所做成的(用于原材料不易看出的场合)

178. 情态动词 + have done (1)表示对过去的猜测 (2)表示应该做的事儿没有做

179.dare(not)do/dare to do sth. 敢于做某事

180.do sb. a favor帮某人一个忙

181.throw away扔掉

182.in one’s twenties(20-29岁) in the 1990s/1990’s(20世纪90年代)

183.can ’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 Can ’t help to do sth.不能帮着去做某事

184.be fond of v. 喜爱，爱好 get out v. 出去, 离开, 逃脱, 泄露, 摆脱, 弄出来, 说出, 出版

185. Here it comes (代词不倒装) Here comes the bus(一般性名词要到装)

186.be engaged in doing sth.忙于做某事 A be engaged to B A 与B 订婚

187.marry A marry B marry A to B be/get married to sb.

be married for + 一段时间

188.the + 形容词 poor/rich/old/young/blind/deaf(不加s) 表示一类人 + 谓语动词复数

189191.be present出席的，在的 lit up==shiny发亮

192.plan to do sth. === plan on doing decide to do ==== decide on doing

193.turn a deaf ear假装没听见

194.This is the place we visited last year.

This is the placewe stay last year.

195.the 8 lesson === lesson 8 room 206 206号房间

196.take place发生（没有被动语态） take the place of取代

197.repeat vt. 重复; 重说; 重做 转述; 背诵 复制 repeat === say it again

198.quite →quite a nice gift very →a very nice gift so →so nice a gift

such →such a nice gift too →too nice a gift

199. 倒装句, 部分倒装 only in this way/then/not only„„but also/no sooner„„than/hardly than

完全倒装 (1)方位、时间、地点等放在句首 (2)主语不是人称代词

200.try to do sth.尽力(不知道结果) Try doing sth.尝试(不知道结果)

Manage to do sth.(成功地试着做某事)

201.fight against为反对„„而斗争 fight for为得到„„而斗争

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

202.against 反对/与„„相对抗/逆向/倚靠

203.keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep doing保持做某事

Keep sb. doing sth. 一直某人做某事

204.pull off(the road side)在马路旁停车 pull down pull into进，钻进

205.push through the crowd挤进人群

206.stop sb. from doing sth.让某人停止做某事

207.be made in + 地点 /sth. be made into + 成品/ be made up of由„„组成 be made to do

sth.

208209210.make efforts为„„而努力

211. the prices go down sb. lower the prices

212.sell/buy sth. for some money

213. to 是介词 look forward to /pay attention to/get down to (着手于)/stick to (坚持)/be、get used to /make a contribution to (为„„做贡献)

214.after all毕竟 in all总的来说 above all首要 first of all首先

215.mean to do(打算去做) 过去时/过去完成时 mean doing(意味做)

216.It ’s one’s turn to do take turn to do轮流做

217.in a moment == at once == in no time立刻，马上

218.the moment that + 句子 === as soon as + 名词

219.fall behind落后 fall in love with sb.== lose one’s heart to sb.

220.break n . 休息 break down出故障 break into闯入 break up分手

break out爆发 break off中断

221.sth. happen to sb.发生 sb. happen to do sth.碰巧

222.come about发生 come across偶遇 come back回来 come in进来（表状态）

come into + 地点 come over顺便拜访 come out开花/出版 come by经过

come to oneself苏醒，醒悟 come into being形成

223.Germany 德国 German(s)德国人，德国的，德语

224.the findings of „„的发现

225. raise —raised —raised vt. 升起, 唤起, 提高, 使出现, 解除, 饲养, 筹集, n . 上升

(1)raise one's head抬起头(2)raise the flag升旗 (3) raise sb. from a bed使某人从床上起来

(4)raise one's courage 使某人鼓起勇气(5)raise a monument 建造一座纪念碑(6)raise salaries 提高工资(7)raise the output of production增加产量(8)raise a captain to the rank of major把上尉提升为少校(9)raise chickens and corn养鸡和种植玉蜀黍 (10)raise an army召集军(11)raise funds筹集资金(12)raise a question提出问题(13)raise the dead使死者复活(14)raise a blockade解除封锁(15)The ship raised land at down.黎明时在船上看见了陆地. (16)A funny remark raises a laugh.滑稽的话惹人发笑。

rise —rose--risen n. 上升, 增加, 上涨, 高地, 小山, 发生, 出现

vi. 升起, 起身, 发源, 起义, 高耸, 增长, 上升, 复活

(1)rise from table(餐毕) 起立离桌 (2)rise above the ordinary level超出一般水平 (3)The flood has risen two feet.洪水上涨两英尺。 (4)His voice rose in excitement.他激动得声音提高了。(5)Prices[Funds] rose sharply.价格[资金]急剧上涨[增长]。(6)Our confidence rises.我们的信心增强。(7)His colour rose.他气色好起来了。 (8)The tower rises 40 feet.这塔高40尺。 (9)My gorge [stomach] rises at it.我一看见这东西就恶心。

226.consider doing考虑 (be) consider(ed) to do （被）认为

227. （认为）consider + 名词 + 形容词/名 （认为）consider + 名词 + to be + 形容词

余成柯初三英语语法词组汇编240条

228. 前面既有肯定，又有否定，用So it is with sb.

229. Not until + 句子 + 句子(部分倒装)

230.think it + 形容词 + to do sth.

231.raise/increase + 介词 + by „„增加了 raise/increase + 介词 + to„„增加到 232.more than +可单→谓单 more than +可复→谓复 （即谓语动词使用看名词）

233. 介词+ which/where 都可以引导定语从句，但where 还可以引导地点状语从句

例：Put the book where it was. 这里where 引导的是地点状语从句。

Put the book on the shelf it was. 引导定语从句。

234.was/were doing 过去进行时可表示过去某一时间一直在做某事。

235.devote oneself to doing奉献 be responsible for对„„负责

with responsibility for adv. 负责

236.It was/will be + 一段时间 + before + 句子（一般现在时）

237.across from === on the opposite side of 238.I judge（判断）you from the way that/in which/(//) you speak.

239.little 少的+不可数名词 little 小的→ a little sheep

240. 双重所有格

物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which 等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格。

公式为：

a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。如：

a friend of mine.

each brother of his.