公开课 虚拟语气
M6 unit 3 Grammar and usage
(Unreal conditionals)
Learning aims:
(1) Master the usage of unreal conditionals.
(2) Practice about the 3 kinds of unreal conditionals.
Procedure:
Step 1 语气的定义和种类
虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在,它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的;或是其实现的可能性微乎其微,甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然,有时为了使说话的语气客气,缓和,委婉,也使用虚拟语气。
Step 2. 虚拟语气在if 条件从句中的用法
2-1: if引导的非真实条件句中虚拟语气的三种情况:
2-1-1. 表示与___________________事实相反的假设
If everyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.
If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.
其基本结构是: if条件句中谓语动词用______________________, 主句用
____________________________.
Practice :
1. 如果现在不下雨的话,我们就出去野餐了。
If it____________________ not rain now, we _________________________ for a picnic.
2. 如果他现在在这里的话,他就能够帮助你了。
If he ________ here, he _____________________ able to help you.
3. 如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。
If I _________________ you, I__________________ them away.
2-1-2. 表示与______________事实相反的假设
If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, there would have been more deaths. If we had known that she was to arrive yesterday, we could have met her at the station.
其基本结构是:if条件句谓语动词用_________________,而主句谓语动词用
______________________________.
Practice :
4. 要是当初她被邀请的话,她就会参加这次聚会了。
She _________________ to the party if she ____________________________.
5. 今天早上,她要是不叫我的话,我就会睡过头了。
If she ____________________ me, I ______________________________ this morning.
6. 如果你上个学期用功些,你就能在考试中过关了。
If you _________________ harder last term, you ______________________________ exam.
2-1-3. 表示与______________事实相反的情况
If it rained tomorrow, out plan would be put off.
If he should see me, he would tell me.
If he were to come, what should we say to him?
基本结构有三种: ⑴ if条件句谓语动词用___________________________, ⑵ if条件从句的谓语用________________________; ⑶ 条件从句的谓语用________________________,主句的谓语用____________________________.
Practice :
7. 如果你成功,一切就好了。
If you _____________, everything would be all right.
If you _____________________, everything would be all right.
If you ______________________, everything would be all right.
8. 明年我要是二十岁,我就会学计算机课程。
If I _______________ twenty years old next year, I ________________ the course of computer science
2-2根据以上情况, 可总结如下:在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下
Tip: be 动词在表示与现在事实相反的从句中一般用___________________.
Step 3. 虚拟语气的倒装
1) If you were the manager here, what would you do?
2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would not have made the silly mistake.
3) If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately.
思考:虚拟语气的倒装怎么变?(有几个步骤?这几个步骤分别是什么?)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Practice:把下列句子变成倒装
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.
______________________________________________________________________________ If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
______________________________________________________________________________ If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
______________________________________________________________________________
Step 4. More Practice
I 翻译题(请用两个版本翻译句子)
1 如果当时你听了医生的话,你早就恢复健康了。
(带if 的非真实条件句)_______________________________________________________ (倒装)____________________________________________________________________ 2 如果她明天不来,你就代替她。
(带if 的非真实条件句)_______________________________________________________ (倒装)____________________________________________________________________ 3 如果她是我女儿的话,我就不让她出国学习了。
(带if 的非真实条件句)_______________________________________________________ (倒装)____________________________________________________________________ II 改错题
1 If I was you, I would run faster.
2 If I live near my office, I would walk to work.
3 I know nothing about the film. If I knew about it, I will tell you.
4 If she worked hard enough, she would have passed the English exam.
5 If it were not rain tomorrow, they might went the Summer Palace.
6 Should the weather fine, we might go on a trip.
7 I wish I was as tall as you.
8 She demanded that they must apologize to her.
9 It’s high time that we go to bed.
10 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it is broken.
III 语法填空
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually (encourage) by his compliments.
One learned the new word “eccentric” in class, w e 3________________ (ask)to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy 4_____________clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into 5____________ (laugh) and my deskmate’s face turned red. 6__________class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate 7___________________ (drop) out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must 8_______________(hurt) him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in 9____________positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others10 ________we can’t always be encouraging when we speak.
Step 5 Homework
. 1 Finish the exercises on Page 40 and 41.
2 Finish Parts C1 and C2 on Page 116 in Workbook.