自然拼读和国际音标
提高英文认读能力到底应该学习什么,学国际音标?
自己的感受是,对于小宝们来说,有一定困难。
咱们先来看一段文章。
Hey! Happy Cat, look at my hat. Do you like my huge hat, Happy Cat? I see the huge hat on your head. However, I do not like that huge hat. That huge hat is horrible!
Hey! Happy Cat, look at my hat. Do you like my high hat, Happy Cat? I see the high hat on your head. However, I do not like that high hat. That high hat is horrible!
Hey! Happy Cat, look at my hat. Do you like my tiny hat, Happy Cat? I see the tiny hat on your head. However, I do not like that tiny hat. That tiny hat is horrible!
Hey! Happy Cat, look at my hat. Do you like my top hat, Happy Cat? I see the top hat on your head. However, I do not like that top hat. That top hat is horrible!
上面的这篇文章小朋友能够非常流利地读出多少呢?这是一篇节选自美国小学速读训练的文章,主要考察了小朋友对字母a 以及其他元
音组合与辅音组合的认读的能力。
在小学阶段学英语最重要的内容之一就是词汇的认读。大家都是通过什么方法进行词汇认读能力的练习呢?我想大部分70或是80后的爸爸妈妈们,首选的一定是国际音标。
在我们小时候学习英文的过程中音标确实帮助我们很好的进行了单词的认读与记忆。但是不知道大家在学习的时候有没有遇到一些问题? 我在学习的时候曾经面对的问题是,需要认读26个字母,还需要认读48个音标,还需要将两者完美的对接起来。这是一个还算是有些“浩大”的工程,因此也为我的国际音标之路留下了一丝阴影。
那么对于低年级的小朋友来说,有没有更好的词汇认读方法呢?答案是肯定的。
目前在英语为第一外语的国家中,最为流行的词汇认读方式就是自然拼读。
【什么是自然拼读?】
自然拼读,顾名思义,就是指看着英文字母就可以读出对应的发音。在百度词条里面专业解释为自然拼读Phonics ,
通过直接学习26个字母及字母组合在单词中的发音规则,建立字母及字母组合与发音的感知,最大化帮助孩子进行单词记忆的方法。
【自然拼读的优势?】
普通音标教学法和单词拼写法无法帮助孩子建立起字母和发音的关系。
孩子需要在充分掌握两套字母规律的同时才能最大限度的发挥音标的优势,否则就会使孩子机械地生吞活剥式地记单词,效率不高。 而自然拼读法的最大特点是:它会把复杂的发音归纳成有规律的、简单的发音,把英文的字母与发音联系起来,彻底解决学生学英语发音难、发不准音的问题。
据研究,英语单词80%以上都符合一定的发音规则,只要孩子掌握这些发音规则,并加以练习,就可轻松的做到看字读音,听音拼字。
【如何才能学习好自然拼读?】
和所有长期的课程一样,自然拼读也是分为不同级别的。一般来说,大部分的学校将自然拼读分为一级和二级或者是初级和高级。
一般在一级的课程中,孩子会学习到5大元音字母的因素音和字母音,帮助孩子奠定良好的拼读基础。
在掌握元音发音的同时,孩子们还会学习到21个辅音字母的常规发音和两个辅音字母的组合发音,掌握了这些字母的拼读规律,孩子们就可以进行初级的单词拼读能力了。
而二级的课程也就是我们常说的高级课程,主要是帮助孩子们在掌握一级内容的基础上加入元音较难组合的发音和三个以上辅音字母组合发音,帮助孩子全面攻破长难词汇。
为了保证孩子的学习效果,我们一般推荐有50-100个以上常用词汇的孩子开始进行自然拼读的学习。
单词就像是苹果,如果我们只是机械地告诉孩子长成这样的苹果叫做国光,长成那样的苹果叫做富士,效果一定没有孩子们怀里抱着苹果,一边认苹果,一边往不同的袋子里面装要好。
最后5秒钟帮助大家挑战记忆一个长难词汇:直升飞机。helicopter ,我们把它分成he li cop ter四段,每一段里面的字母都是符合发音规律的。
孩子们根据发音就能够直接拼出单词了。怎么样,有没有很神奇? 更多自然拼读的秘密欢迎你前来探索哦!
【拓展阅读:自然拼读二级朗读故事片段】
A long, long time ago, Lord and Lady Lipton lived in the village of Little Hampton, near London.
They lived in a large and luxury palace. Every other day, they ate lamb
chops for lunch and lobster for dinner.
The people of Little Hampton were very poor, and a boy named Luke was especially poor.
Luke could only afford to eat a couple of lettuce leaves for lunch and a cup of leek soup for dinner.
But Luke was a very clever boy.
Lord and Lady Lipton had two lovely daughters, a teenage girl and a little girl. The older daughter was named Laura, and the little girl was named Lucy.
Lord and Lady Lipton loved Laura and Lucy very much.
Every night, Lady Lipton would sing a lovely lullaby to Lucy, and Lucy would sleep like a log until morning.
Then every morning, Lord Lipton would wake his little Lucy and tell her stories about lions and leopards.
Lord and Lady Lipton thought that they were the luckiest people in the land.
One morning, everything changed. Lord Lipton went to Lucy’s room to tell her stories about lions and leopards, but Lucy wasn’t there. He looked everywhere, but he couldn’t find her.
“Where could she be?” asked Lord Lipton.
“The door was locked.”
The lord called all the learned men in the land to his palace and asked them to help find his little lost Lucy.
None of them had a clue.