[转载]初中英语日常用语大盘点

一、问候(Greetings)

1.初会

常见表达：How do you do?/Hello!/I'm glad to see you. /Nice to meet you.

用法点津：a.回应时，只要重复一下对方所说的问候语即可。b.同样是初会问候语，How do you do？和I'm glad to see you.较正式，而Hello!和Nice to meet you.较随便。c. Nice to meet you.主要表示初次见面时的问候，而Nice meeting you.则是初次见面分手时的用语。

2.日常问候

常见表达：Hello!/Hi!/Good morning (afternoon, evening)!/How are you?/How are things going?/How are you getting on?

用法点津：a.回应前三个交际用语时，只要重复对方的话即可。b. How are you？是日常生活中用来问候他人身体情况的用语，回应时，用Very well, thank you.(And how are you?)或用Fine, thanks. (And you?)。假如身体确实不太舒服并想让对方知道，不妨说Not too well, I'm afraid. 对经常见面的人说How are you？时后面还可加上具体时间。c. Hello！和Hi！是互相熟悉的人之间的招呼语，比较随便，一天中任何时候都可以用。有时，后面还可加上对方的名字，以示亲热。d. Good evening!一般用于晚上(通常是九点以前)，有时后面还可加上对方的姓名或称呼。需要注意的是，不可用Good day.来打招呼。Good morning！省略good 时，也可用来打招呼，但一般用于比较熟悉的人之间。e.与英美人见面寒暄时，不应问及他(她)的年龄、婚否、收入等个人隐私情况。

二、介绍(Introductions)

常见表达：May I introduce myself? My name is Jim./ How do you do? I'm Jim./Let me introduce B to you. A, this is B.

用法点津：a.自我介绍时，男子不必自称Mr, 说姓名或姓就可以了。而女子在自我介绍时，一般需将姓和名同时用，有时为区别婚否，还可在姓名前加上Mrs或Miss。b.介绍他人时，常把年轻的介绍给年长的，把身份低的介绍给身份高的，把男子介绍给女子，把客人介绍给主人，以示对后者的尊重。c.经介绍后，人们常用的问候语有Nice to see you./How do you do?　回应时重复一下即可。

三、告别(Farewells)

常见表达：Good-bye!/Bye-bye!/Bye!/See you tomorrow(later, soon,at six o'clock)!Good night!/ Have a good (nice) day!

Goodbye, Jim, and good luck！

用法点津：a. Bye-bye.用于比较随便的场合。b. Good night./Night!只限于晚上告别或上床睡觉时使用。c. Have a nice day！限于白天告别时用(如早餐后家人互相道别)。d.回应第一组告别用语时只要重复一下那些用语即可，对See you tomorrow(later, soon, at six o'clock).的回应也可用Fine.或OK.，表示对约定时间的认可。回应第二组用语时要将语序调整一下，即Good luck to you, too. Goodbye. e.告别前通常要说一两句客套话，如：I'm afraid I must be off(going) now.长久告别时，还可同时表达希望今后多联系(Keep/Get in touch.)，要对方保重身体(Take care.)，问候对方家人(Please send my best wishes/regards to your family.)等。

四、打电话(Making phone calls)

1.打电话人自我介绍

常见表达：Hello! Mike (here)./ Hello! This is Mike (speaking).

用法点津：用英语打电话时，开头打招呼的第一句话通常是Hello，然后便自报姓名，再告知想与谁通话。

2.打电话人要某人接电话

常见表达：May(Can) I speak to Kate, please?/Is that Kate? /Is Kate in?/Who's that?

用法点津：需要证实对方的身份时，不能说Are you...?或Who are you?

3.本人接电话

常见表达：Hello, 8244011./Good morning. This is Kate (speaking)./Yes, speaking.

用法点津：a.接电话时，第一句招呼语可以是Hello.,也可以视情况说Good morning!紧接着再报自己的电话号码或姓名,也可报单位名称。不打招呼，直接介绍自己，再问对方是谁也可以。b.问对方是谁时可以这样说Who's calling?/Who is that speaking?/Is that Mike speaking?/Is that you, Mike?

4.代接电话人叫某人接电话

常见表达：You are wanted on the phone./

There's a call for you./For you.

用法点津：如果来电要找的人就在电话机附近，也听见了电话铃声，则可简单地说一声For you.或It's (a call) for you.

五、感谢和应答(Thanks and responses)

1.一般场合

常见表达：A: Thank you./Thank you very much (indeed). /Many thanks.

B: Not at all./That's OK(all right)./That's nothing./You are welcome./Don't mention it.

用法点津：感谢可用于得到别人的帮助、受到别人的赞赏、接受别人的礼物和祝愿以及谢绝别人的好意等多种场合。

2.特定场合

常见表达：A: Thanks for your help.

B: (It's) My pleasure. /It's a pleasure.

A: Here's a ticket for you.

B: Thank you. It's very nice (kind) of you.

用法点津：My pleasure./It's my pleasure./

It's a pleasure.这三句的意思均为"这是我们乐意做的事"或"甭客气"。

六、祝愿、祝贺和应答(Greetings, congratulations and responses)

1.节日问候

常见表达：A: Happy New Year!/Merry Christmas!/I wish you a Happy New Year.

B: Thanks, the same to you./Thanks and I wish you the same./A merry Christmas to you, too.

用法点津：回应对双方共有节日的祝愿时，通常会顺祝对方节日愉快。如果节日只为一方所有，回应时只要表示感谢就可以了。对生日祝贺的回应也只表示感谢即可。

2.祝贺成功

常见表达：A: Congratulations (on your success)!/Let me congratulate you on your progress./Well done./That's great!

B: Thank you (for your congratulations)./It was very kind of you to say so.

用法点津：祝贺语中的名词Congratulations总是用复数形式。

3.离别寄语

常见表达：A:I hope you have a good journey./Have a good time in Beijing.

B: Thank you./Thanks. I will.

七、意愿(Intensions)

1.表达意愿

常见表达：I will help you with your English./I'm willing to let Mike help you.

用法点津：要表达不愿意做某事时，将上述句子改为否定句就可以了。

2.询问意愿

常见表达：A: Will you go with us?/Are you willing to go with us? /Do you mind going with us? /Would you like (us) to visit Beijing?

B: Of course, I will (am). /No, not at all.

用法点津：not at all可以看作是I don't mind at all.的省略形式。

3.转述意愿

常见表达：She'd like (me) to stay at home tomorrow./He is thinking of giving us a talk.

八、道歉和应答(Apologies and responses)

1.表示道歉

常见表达：Sorry to have kept you waiting. /I'm sorry, but I'm busy./Excuse me (for being late)./I beg your pardon for not telling you that./I'm afraid we are not free this weekend.

用法点津：sorry主要用于因犯了某种过失而于事后向他人表示歉意，也可表示因不能满足他人要求或请求而表示歉意。Excuse me 通常用于下列情形：需要打断别人谈话或工作时；有求于他人时；因故需要暂时离开时；就某事表示不同意见时；自己的言行将会影响他人时。

2.表示原谅

常见表达：Not at all./Don't mention it. /Never mind about that./Forget it./That's OK./It doesn't matter. /Don't worry about it.

用法点津：用Never mind.作答时有时可表达说话人多少有点不高兴或无可奈何的意味。如：

A: Could you help me hang this picture?

B: I'm just going out.

A: Oh, never mind. I'll do it myself.

又如：

A: What was that you said? I didn't hear you.

B: Never mind. It wasn't important.

九、遗憾和同情(Regrets and sympathy)

常见表达：What a pity you can't come with us./I'm sorry to hear your mother is ill. /The young man died last night. How terrible!

十、邀请和应答(Invitations and responses)

1.提出邀请

常见表达：What about playing football

with us?/Do come to play with us tomorrow./

Would you like to have a dinner with us this

evening?/Do you feel like taking a walk now?/

Won't you come in and sit down?/ I'd like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith.

用法点津：a.在发出"邀请"前常有一个引子，尤其在客气的场合，如可先这样问一下对方是否有空：Are you free this evening? b. Would you like to...和I'd like to invite you to...的句式较为客气，带有商量、询问的口气，多用于不知对方能否接受邀请的场合。

2.接受邀请与拒绝邀请

常见表达：Yes, I'd like to./Yes, great. /Sure. That's a good idea./Yes, with pleasure. /That's very kind of you. Thank you./Sure, why not? I'll be glad to./That sounds nice (great).

I'd love to, but I'm afraid I can't./I wish I could, but I'm too busy. /Thank you, but I'm afraid I must finish my homework first.

用法点津：a.接受他人邀请时通常还要表示一下感谢。b.如果是稍有保留地接受，可这样说：I will if I can./ It's very kind of you to invite me, but I'm not sure if I can come. c.拒绝他人的邀请一般不直接说No,而要婉言谢绝，并要声明自己是愿意接受"邀请"的，但因某种原因不能接受，并表示歉意或感谢。