让步状语从句
让步状语从句(unit5语法)
(多译为:即使… ;虽然…但是)
(1)though, although 表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中,though较常使用,although比though正式,二者都可与yet, still连用,但不能与but连用。例如:
Although/Though he was exhausted, (still) he kept on working.
Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.
Though 可以作副词放在句末,意为“然而”,但Although 不可以。
Our team lost. It was a good game, though.
补充:有时while也可以引导让步状语从句,但一般要位于句首。
While I like the colour, I don't like the shape.
(2)as, though表示“虽然……但是”,“纵使……”之意。
as引导的让步状语从句常以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形,(though有时也可用于这样的结构中,但although不可以这样用。)
形容词+as+主语+系动词
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
名词+as+主语+系动词/动词 (名词不加冠词)
Child as/though he was, he knew what to do.
副词+as+主语+谓语部分
Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.
动词原形+as+主语+谓语动词的另一部分:情态动词、助动词(may,might,will,would,did)
Try as you will, you won’t be able to persuade him.
Try as we did, we failed again.
如果动词有宾语和状语,一起放在主语前。
Make great efforts as he did, he failed.
(3)even if, even though表示“即使……”,“纵使……”之意,含有一种假设。
这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常互换使用,但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性,可用来表示与事实相反的假设。而even though引导让步状语从句时,是以从句的内容为先决条件的,即说话人肯定了从句的事实。
We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好,我们也要作一次旅行。
Even if he is poor, she loves him.
即使有一天他变穷了。。。
Even though he is poor, she loves him.
尽管他现在很穷。。。
(4)whether...or...表示“不论是否……”,“不管是……还是……”之意。
由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。例如:
Whether you're free or busy, you'll have to attend the ceremony.
(5)“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……;不管……都……” 它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。
No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind. No matter who you are, you must keep the law. =Whoever you are, you must keep the law.
但“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。
I'll eat whatever you give me. 正
I’ll eat no matter what give me. 误
Whoever comes will be welcome.
No matter who comes,he will be welcome.