拟声词的翻译
拟声
the
of the drum the of the gong the of the
chains/kettles
the of the
hammer
the of the knives
& swords
the of the clock &
watch
the tinkling of the piano the of the phone
(the of the glass) the of the bells the of the bicycle the of the
brakes the of the radio the of the
handcart the of the cart the of the truck (the of the
thunder) (the of the
stomache)
(the of artillery) the of the van the of the tram
&trolley the of the
subway the of the train the of the bugle &
horn & train whistle the of the siren (fire~/air-raid/ambulance) the of the
police whistles the of the
machine
the of the
machines
the of the
automotons
the of bowls and dishes/knives and forks the of the horse the of the horse the of a machine
& a machine gun the of the door the of the door the of the door
the of the plane the of thunder
and lightning the on the desk the of the
firecrackers the of the
fireworks the of the
burning sticks the of the
matches the of the sparks
the of the leaves 水等液体声 the of the stream the of the water the of the water ( ) the of the liquid a hot day
the of the water the of the rain through the mire through the snow ( ) the of the water
in the wet rainboots 人发出的各种声音
the of the
high-heeled shoes the of the
teardrops the of the heart the on the chest sb. In the face down the throat keep on /
/ the / of
the children the of joy
( ) ( /// ) 抿嘴暗笑/咯咯叫 咯咯傻笑 窃笑/马嘶鸣
嗤之以鼻
“哼”
讥笑
唾液飞溅
/ of sadness / / of complaints “Ouch ” in the pain 各种动物叫声 An ass . (). A bee . (, ). A bird . (, ). A bittern . A bull ().
A calf bleasts . A cat .
(, , ) A chick . (, ) A cicada /. A cock . A cow (). A crane . A cricket /. A crow (). A deer . A dog . ()
A donkey ().
A dove . A duck . An elephant . A fly . A fox. A frog . A goat . A goose (). A hen . () A horse . (, ) A lamb (). A lion .
A magpie . A monkey . (, , ) A mosquito /. A mouse (peeps ). A nightingale / An owl(). A parrot . A pig (). A pigeon . A sheep (). A snake . A sparrow () A tiger .
A turkey . A whale . A wild-goose . A wolf (growls ). Translation
Onomatopoeia of
英语拟声词多用做动词或名词，往往做谓语，主语，或宾语。
汉语拟声词多用做状语或与“„„的一声”连用做状语，，或补语，多半带有形容词性质。
*句法的转换和调整，比较突出的是英语做谓语的动词和汉语做状语的副词之间的转化。
*英译汉时往往把原文中的拟声动词，名词，或动词派生词转译为汉语拟声动词附加语或拟声名词附加语。
1 （谓语——状语）
“No water left, ”he muttered .
“没有水啦！”他喃喃地说
道。
2 （谓语——补语）
A north wind is whistling.
北风刮得呼呼的。
3 （主语——独立成分） Then followed a loud “Clump!Clump!Clump! ”as the crooks went up the stairs.
蹬！蹬！*蹬！一阵楼梯板响，土匪们上楼了
4 （介词宾语-——补语） The dishes and bowls slid together with a clatter .碟子，碗儿碰得叮叮当当的。
5 Crack! The stick broke in two.
喀嚓！棒子断为两截。
6 Crack! The long ivory opium-pipe broke in two. 啪！—— 一声响，那枝象
牙烟枪断成两截。
7 Two heavy guns went off in the woods— Bump! Bump!
两门重炮在森林里开始发射了——轰隆！轰隆！（直接翻译为独立成分）
8 But as the door banged, she seemed to come back to life again.
可是当门砰地一声关上地时候，她好像又清醒过来
了。
9 All was quiet and still except for the distant tinkling of a piano. 除了远处一架钢琴地叮当叮当声之外，万籁俱寂。
10 Round the corner of Crescent Bay, between the pile-up masses of broken rock, a flock of sheep came pattering.
沿着新月海湾的地方，从一堆堆破碎的岩石堆中，一群羊叭嗒叭嗒地跑了过来。
11 Wines-cups and
chopsticks were laid out, and a delicious sizzling sound came from the chafing dish. 杯筷陈设在个人面前，暖锅里发出滋滋的有味的声音。
12 A lock rattled and there was a loud clank as the door of the next cell was flung open （翻译为形容词或副词，做定语）
隔壁牢房的铁锁响了一声，接着，传来推开铁门的哗啦啦的巨响。
13 一个蚊子哼哼哼。 两个苍蝇嗡嗡翁。
A mosquito hums and
hums.
Two flies drone and
drone.
14 车辚辚，马萧萧。 Chariots rumble and roll; horses whinny and neigh.
（翻译为动词，做谓语） ........ 叫
...... 声
The train whistle tooted.
火车汽笛拉响。
I heard a bird chirping among the flowers. 我听到一只鸟在花从中鸣叫。
We heard the machine whir .
我们听到了机器声。
The screeching of the
breaks got on my nerves. 刹车声刺激我的神经。
The moment he rushed in, the hens chucked and the dogs barked .
他一进门，鸡也鸣，狗也叫。
The frogs in the fields outside the town were croaking cheerfully. 青蛙在城郊的田野里起劲地叫着。
He felt as if he must shout and sing, he seemed to hear about him the rustle of unceasing and innumerable wings. 他感到简直要大喊大唱，耳际仿佛传来无数翅膀的拍击声。
*The train puffed towards Tokyo from Sendai.
火车从仙台开往东京。
He fell asleep almost immediately.
他倒头就呼呼睡啦。
The tears she could not hold back fell on his face.
她那抑制不住的眼泪扑碌碌地落在他的脸上。
The logs were burning
briskly in the fire. 木柴在火中哔哔剥剥烧得正旺。
The kids are crying loudly .
孩子们在哇哇大哭。
“Impertinent !” snorted Imalds.
伊梅尔达鼻子哼了声“没家教！”
That old man was sucking
vigorously at a pipe. 那老头在吧嗒吧哒地抽着一个烟袋。
I had sighed when I first
heard the lute, and now I heard her story which made lament.
我闻琵琶已叹息，又闻此语重唧唧
***注意文化背景
值得注意的是，翻译时，
要重视拟声词使用的文化差异。汉语中．在大多数场合拟声词用于拟物时含有贬义色彩 而英语中，拟声词用于拟物时．充分体现了作者对动物的情感倾向。就bark 一词而言，不了解英汉文化上的差异，势必导致对谚词的误解、误译。在有些翻译文章中却常常把该词译为“像疯狗一样狂吠”，而英语国家的人在使用该词时没有任何贬义。而在使用
chatter 一词时，具有强烈的贬义色彩，倒如：the woman always chatters her silly tale。chatter 一词在此表示“叽叽喳喳”、“喋喋不休地说”。再如，cricket(蟋蟀) 及其叫声在汉语里常常使人们感觉萧疏凄清，这是因为蟋蟀是秋虫，自然会使人联想到“凄雨秋风”。而英美人对cricket 一词的感受却与我们截然不同。在英美文学作品中，
cricket 大多给人带来宁静、舒适甚至幸福之感。
因此在翻译拟声词时，只有了解并深入研究英汉在拟声词上存在的文化差异及其修辞功能，才能更准确地理解其深刻的喻义。
Exercises
1．风萧萧/雨萧萧/马萧萧。
2．雷声开始隆隆作响。
3．肚子空空如也/咕咕地叫
4．这个时候，长城线上， 烽火连天，一辆囚车， 却囚着革命英雄，向南 急驰。
5．她抽出一根火柴，哧！ 啪！一下子燃着了。
6．达达达达达！咚！咚！ 李先生抱着头直跳起 来，但随即像一根木头 似的倒了下去。
1. I lay down, listening to the water rippling beneath the boat.
2. Presently there came the
click of high-heeled shoes.
3. The medicine bottles and glasses on the tray quivered and rattled slightly as if sharing her anxiety.
4. Bang! Bang! Bang! Came three reports of firecrackers, and Huan-chih suddenly fell his body became light.
5. The staccato chatter of a machine gun was heard
again.
6. There was a crush and tingling of breaking glass.
7. The center door creaks half-open.
8. Their full attention was riveted on the “clip-clop ” of approaching horses.
9. He knocked twice at the gate, his heart thudding violently.
10.A crystal tear-drop
distilled from the wild joy and excitement plopped down on to the letter.
11.Already some horse-drawn carts were creaking along the street.
12.The hammer went ding-dong, ding-dong, the sparks sputtered and danced.
13.The sodden earth squelched monotonously
“puchi, puchi ” as we laboured over it.