宾语从句讲解
宾语从句
考点一:宾语从句的引导词(连接词)
【友情提示】引导词that用于下列情况时不可省略:
①当宾语从句的主语是that时。如:He says that that is a useful book.
②当从句前有插入语时。如:It says, on a card, that it is made in Italy.
③当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。如:
④当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that都不可以省略。如:He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 他说这部电影非常有趣,并且他非常喜欢看。
【友情提示】何时只用whether而不用if?
①直接与or not连用时,用whether,不用if。例如:
Can you tell me whether the train has left or not? 你能否告诉我火车是不是已经开了? ②if不与介词连用
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③引导宾语从句,从句置于句首表示强调时,用whether,不用if。例如:
Whether it is a defect or not,I don’t quite know. 这是不是个错误,我不知道。 ④和动词不定式连用时,用whether,不用if。例如:
I don’t know whether to see my doctor or not today. 我不知道今天是否去看医生。 ⑤引导表语从句时,用whether,不用if。例如:
His first question was whether Holmes ________________ yet.
它的第一个问题是福尔摩斯是否已经到了。
My main problem right now is whether I should ask for another loan.
目前我的主要问题是我是否应当要求别的贷款。
⑥引导让步状语从句,作“不管”解时,用whether,不用if。例如:
I’ll start tomorrow, whether he asks me or not. 不管他要不要我去,反正我明天就动身。 Whether you like it or not, you’ll ____(must / have to) do it.不管你愿不愿意,你都得做这件事。 ⑦在容易造成歧义的情况下,如表达“是否”的意思时,最好用whether,避免用if。如: Let me know whether you are coming. 你来还是不来,通知我一声。
如用if,则有两层意思。如:Let me know if you are coming. 可理解为:你来还是不
来,通知我一声。也可理解为:你如果来的话,通知我一声。前者是宾语从句,后者则是条
件状语从句。
⑧在discuss后面只能跟whether引导的宾语从句。如:
We discussed whether we should close the shop. 我们讨论了是否该关闭商店。
注:doubt用于肯定句时,可用whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,在否定句或疑问句中则跟 that 引导的宾语从句。如:
I doubt whether / if he will come. 我怀疑他________________。
I don’t doubt that ____________________. 我不怀疑你是诚实的。
Do you doubt that he will win the match? 你怀疑他能赢得比赛吗?
☆ 宾语从句如果是否定句,一般用if,因为whether引导的宾语从句通常是肯定的。如: I don’t care if she doesn’t come. 我不在乎他是否来。
【真题链接】
1. (2013湖州) I was told to meet Mr. White at the airport. But I don’t know ____ he will arrive.
A. when B. how C. where D. why
2. (2013江西) I know ________ I promised to take you to dinner, but I won’t finish working until ten o’clock.
A. that B. if C. what D. why
3. (2013哈尔滨) —Could you tell me _____________?
—“Rome was not built in a day.” You should try to give it enough chances to become strong.
A. why I should do to have a good memory
B. what I can do to have a good memory
C. how can I have a good memory
考点二,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。即按照主语、谓语的顺序。如:
① Where is Tom from? Do you know? →Do you know where Tom is from?
② Who made you angry? Can you tell me? →Can you tell me who made you angry?
【真题链接】
4. (2013滨州) —Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you.—Thanks. I wonder ________.
A. who the letter was from B. who was from the letter
C. who was the letter from D. who from the letter was
5. (2013丽水) —I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?
—Well, it depends on ________. If money isn’t the problem, you can buy a BMW.
A. when you will buy one B. how much you can afford
C. what colour you like D. where you are driving
6. (2013北京) —Can you tell me ________ the prize, Tom? —Last year.
A. when you got B. when did you get
C. when will you get D. when you will get
7. (2013芜湖) —Could you tell me ________? —You can take No. 16 bus.
A. how can we get to the Olympic Park B. how we can get to the Olympic Park
C. how did we get to the OlympicPark D. how we got to the Olympic Park
考点三:否定前移和宾语从句的简化
在主宾语从句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe等时,从句的否定要转移到主句中,如:① I don’t think I could lift it. 我想我提不起它。
② I don’t believe that he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。
1. (2013天津) —I don’t know ________.
—Because he has to look after his mother.
A. why he is leaving B. why is he leaving
C. whether he is leaving D. whether is he leaving
2. (2013内江) Could you tell me ________ a great actress?
A.how Zhao Wei becomes B. how Zhao Wei does become
C. how became Zhao Wei D. how does Zhao Wei become
3. (2013聊城) Please tell me ________ to improve my English.
A. what I can do B. what can I do C. how I can do D. how can I do
4. (2013宜宾) —Would you like to tell me ________?
—Sure. Practice makes perfect.
A. how can I study English well B. why do I learn English well
C. how I can study English well D. why I learn English well
5. (2013泰安) —Excuse me, could you tell me where ________?
—Sure, sir. You can try www. taobao.com.
\ A. can I join in the group-buying B. did I join in the group-buying
C. I can join in the group-buying D. I joined in the group-buying
6. (2013连云港) —Excuse me. Can you tell me ________?
—At about 8 o’clock, sir.
A. what time the plane will reach Beijing
B. what time will the plane arrive in Beijing
C. what time the plane will arrive Beijing
D. what time will the plane get to Beijing
7. People in Yancheng are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past thirty years.
A. how B. which C. what D. when
8. He said ________he would come back in a week.
A. when B. what C. that D. why
9. Do you know ________ I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!
A. whom B. when C. where D. how
10. There are no words to describe ________ I miss my hometown.
A. how much B. how many C. how soon D. how long 宾语从句专项练习参考答案
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