动词不定式的基本形式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.
在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
1.作主语
如:It's easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.
It is important for us to do it well.
2.作宾语
Indians like to eat hot food.
They need to look at a map.
3.作表语 The old man's job is to take care of the flowers in the garden.
4.作宾语补足语
He told me not to bring you anything.
Who taught you to play the music?
5.作定语
In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.
Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.
6.作状语
(1)表示目的
In his third year,he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.
(2)表示结果
如: It's too heavy to carry.
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
(3)表示原因
He jumped with joy to hear the news.
7.和某些形容词连用
和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有sure ,ready ,happy ,sorry ,afraid 等。例如: He's very happy to see his daughter.
I'm sorry to trouble you.
8.和疑问词who ,what ,when ,where ,which ,how 构成不定式短语。例如: I don't know how to use a computer.
Can you tell me when to start?
9.动词不定式的否定形式: not to+动词原形
Tell him not to be late.
I will try not to read in bed.
10.动词不定式不要to 的:
(1)作动词let, make , have, feel ,hear, see , watch , 等的宾语补足语时, 动词不定式不带to. Let him do the work.
He made me work day and night.
I saw him fall off the bike.
(2)作动词help 的宾语补足语时, 动词不定式可带to, 也可不带to.
He didn’t help me(to )mend the bike.
You have helped ( to ) protect our environment.
(4)在why not…? , had better , would rather 等的后面也跟动词原形
Why not buy a dictionary?
You had better (not )stay at home.
I would rather go early.
※ 在下列答语中, to不能省略:
-Will you join me in a walk?
-I will be glad to.
-Will you go swimming with me this afternoon?
-I would love to.
1. Don’t forget _________ the letter . A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent
2. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow ? A. this B. that C. it D. which
3. I’m afraid they would not allow him ________ here A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes
D. smoke
4. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil
5. On my way home , I stopped _______ some food . A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
6. The first thing I want to do is __________ .
A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him
7. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk .
A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking A. don’t B. not C. will not D. not to
9. I prefer ____ rather than ______.
A. read; watch B. to read; watch C. reading; to watch D. to read; to watch
10. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
11. We must practise ________ English every day.
A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. spoke
12. I saw him _______ out of the room.
A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes
13. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _________.
A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which
14. “ Have you decided when ________?”
“ Yes, tomorrow morning.”
A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving
15. -The light in the office is still on.
- Oh, I forgot _______.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
16. We agreed _________ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met
17. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
18. He was too excited _________.
A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking
19. It’s freezing outside. You _______ put on your overcoat.
A. had better to B. had better C. would better D. would better to
20. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating