2014年秋新目标九年级英语上册Unit13知识点

Unit13课文知识点

1.We’re trying to save the earth! 我们正在竭尽全力拯救地球!

try to do =try one’s best to do 努力去做某事。

Every student should try to study hard in order to study in a university. 为了进入大学学习，每个学生都应该努力学习。

2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. be related to 与„有关

e.g. I am not related to him in any way. 我和他无任何关系。 Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!

3.play a part in 在„„方面起作用

A good diet plays a large part in helping people live longer 健康的饮食在帮助人们长寿方面起着非常大的作用。

4. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river. litter和rubbish都可指“垃圾”，用作不可数名词。

rubbish指“没用的东西(被扔或将要丢弃的无用的东西)”不可回收。litter指“(室内或公共场所)乱扔的废物(纸屑、不要的包装纸、废瓶等)”还可回收。

Throw the rubbish out. 把垃圾扔出去。 The room is full of rubbish. 房间里堆满了垃圾。 Pick up your litter after a picnic. 野餐后将废弃物收拾好。

5. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything! cost v. 花费；使付出 指花费金钱，主语通常是物。 cost的过去式和过去分词均为cost.

The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元买了新衬衫。How much does the new computer cost? 新电脑花了多少钱？

辨析take, spend, pay 和cost

take，spend，pay和cost都可以表示“花费”，但它们的用法各有不同。

1) take多表示花费时间，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句

型中，其中it作形式主语。

It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.

2) spend多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。

David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine.

My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day 3) pay多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。

Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.

4) cost多表示花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money.句型。The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.

6. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future!

make a difference (to…)表示(对„„)产生影响或作用

Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision? 你认为他的话会对最后的决定产生影响吗？

有两个短语和no longer同义，即not„any longer和not„any more， 但他们侧重的方面不同。

no longer和not„any longer侧重时间。

He no longer lives here.= He doesn’t live here any longer.

他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。) not„any more侧重程度和数量

You can drink no more. = You can’t drink any more.

你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)

7. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment.这种方法不但残忍而且对环境有害。 not only…but also…不仅…而且…

用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅„„而且„„”; 其中的also有时可以省略

She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不但很会演奏，而且还会作曲。

Not only men but also women were chosen.不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。

若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。

Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。 not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。

Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被送进了监狱。 be harmful to 对„„有害

Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸烟有害健康。

Playing computer games much is harmful to students。电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。

8. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. 鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。

at the top of 在„„最高地位; 用最高[最大]的(速度, 声音等) I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly. 我看他的头顶, 头发闪亮且平滑的分开。

9.Do you often throw away things you don’t need anymore? 1) throw away扔掉，丢弃浪费 (机会、优势或好处) I never throw anything away.我从来不扔任何东西。 2) 错过(机会等)，放过；未能很好利用 (机会等) Don’t throw away this opportunity.不要错过这个机会。 3) 浪费(时间、金钱等)乱花(钱等)

It will be time and money thrown away. 这将是浪费时间和金钱。

10. Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use?

put sth. to good use 好好利用

11.He is known for using iron.

be known for 因„„而著名 be known as 作为„„而著名 be known to 对于某人来说是著名的

He was known for his friendly. 他以友好而著称。

He is known to the police as a thief.对警察来说是一个小偷。 Zhou Jielun is known as a rap singer.周杰伦是作为一个说唱歌手而出名。

join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较

这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思，但用法不同。 1)join有两个用法：

(1)指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。如： ①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的？

②She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。

(2)和某人一道做某事，加入到某人干的事情当中去。其结构为： join sb. in (doing) sth.，根据上下文，in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如： ①Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗？ ②He'll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。 ③We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？

2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：

Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。

3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如：

①We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

②We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。 ③Did you take part in the sports meet? 你参加运动会了吗？

4)attend是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。如：

①He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。

②I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。

afford的用法

⑴ afford是动词，意为“买得起,担负得起”，通常与can, could, be able to连用,多用于否定句中。

They couldn’t afford $50 for a ticket. 他们拿不出50美元买一张票。 ⑵ afford后面常跟带to的动词不定式。

We can’t afford to go abroad this summer. 今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国

辨析：need to be done; need doing与need to do

⑴ need doing=need to be done

My watch needs repairing. =My watch needs to be repaired.我的表需要修了。

⑵ need后加不定式，证明need为实义动词，而非情态动词，这时need有人称和数的变化。表示某人需要做什么事情。 He needs to get up early. 他需要早起。