八年级英语下册lessons1--8同步辅导
Unit 1 Spring Is Coming
Lessons 1——8
本单元以春天展开话题，重在谈论有关春天的话题。如天气及春天所做的户外运动等，同时了解中西方春天户外运动的相同和不同之处，从而加深对异国文化的了解和掌握及对祖国文化的热爱，从而提高学习英语的兴趣。
二. 语言知识：
1. 掌握的词汇：
rather, shower, rise, set, become, fact, road, history, kick, climb, change, shall, hold, playground, push, herself
2. 认知词汇：
thunder, storm, sunrise, sunset, daylight, melt, lightning, fascinating, outdoors, cycling, hillside, gently, blossom, babysitter, babysit, bar, swing, partly.
3. 词组和句型
one by one, hold on, come down,
What’s the weather like today?
What’s the temperature today?
It’s rather cool / warm today, isn’t it?
be scared of, not„until„, make a loud noise
The temperature goes up. have fun doing.
go bike riding. How / what about„？
Shall we„？
The ball always hits me on the head.
turn around, give somebody a push, fall off, get off, all day.
4. 功能意念：
（1）谈论天气、温度及答语
（2）谈论户外运动
5. 语法：
（1）合成词，兼类词，派生词的构成。
（2）介词，on, in, at用来表达时间。
二. 语言技能：
1. 听：听懂课文及同步的阅读材料，把握信息词。
2. 说：口头表达如何谈论天气及春天的一些活动。
3. 读：流利朗读课文，阅读同步的语言材料，找出文章的主题，理解故事大意。
4. 写：正确运用所学语言材料并能书面表达。
三. 学习策略：
善于总结语言材料中的语言规律并加以利用，抓住交际规律，学会使用工具书。
四. 情感态度
培养学习兴趣，敢于用英语表达自己的看法，乐于了解并掌握异国文化。
五. 文化意识：
了解西方的春天的一些户外运动，并掌握中西方户外运动的不同之处，从而加深对祖国文化的热爱。
Lesson 1. What’s the Weather like?
一. 学习目标：
1. 掌握的词汇及短语：
rather, shower, rise, set.
2. 识别的词汇及短语：
thunder, storm, sunrise, sunset.
3. 句式：询问天气的问及答语：
What’s the weather like today?
It’s cool.（cold, warm„）
What’s the temperature?
It’s ten degrees.
二. 重点词语解释
1. Here’s today’s weather report.
这是今天的天气预报。
today’s. 今天的，常用’s来构成今天，明天等的所有格。
There is something new in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸有点新消息。
2. It will be snowy and hot today.
此句是将来时，在播报天气预报时通常用将来时。例：
It will be ten degrees tomorrow.
明天10度。
It will be windy this afternoon.
今天下午有风。
There will be some showers this afternoon.
今天下午有小阵雨。
也是将来时，常在天气预报中出现的句式，但注意区别：
It will be +形容词。
There will be +名词。例：
It will be rainy tomorrow.
明天有雨。
There will be rain tomorrow.
It will be windy tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午有风。
There will be wind tomorrow afternoon.
3. It’s rather cool today, isn’t it?
相当冷，是吗？
反意疑问句。
rather, 副词，“相当，十分，很”，相当于quite，后面加原级的形容词或副词。 He runs rather fast.
他跑得相当快。
It’s rather hot in summer.
夏天相当热。
4. I hope not.
我不希望如此。
肯定式为：I hope so.我希望如此。
5. I’m scared of thunder.
我害怕打雷。
be scared of„„
害怕„„，后面常加名词或动名词，相当于be afraid of. 例：
I’m scared of tigers.
我怕老虎。
I’m scared of going out alone at night.
Lesson 2. It’s Getting Warmer.
一. 学习目标：
1. 掌握的词汇及短语
become, fact
2. 认知词汇及短语：
daylight, melt, lightning, fascinating
二. 重点语句分析
1. It’s getting warmer.
天变得更暖和了。
get是系动词，后面常加形容词作表语，例：
The days get longer and longer.
天变得越来越长了。
2. How many hours of daylight are there on March 21st?
三月21日这天有多少个小时的白天？
on用于某一天或某一天的上、下午或晚上等的时间前。例：
on a rainy morning.
在一个雨天的早晨。
on the night of May 1.
在五月一日的晚上。
3. Do you see two words you already know in “daylight”?
你看见你已经知道在“daylight”里的两个词了吗？
you already know in“daylight”是定语从句，修饰前面的words，中间省去了引导词that。因为that在定语从句中作宾语，所以可以省去，如果引导词作定语，从句的主语则不能省，例：
Do you know the boy（who）I met in the street yesterday?
你认识我昨天在街上遇见的那个男孩吗？
Do you know the boy who came to see me yesterday?
你认识昨天来看我的那个男孩吗？
4. That’s right. 对的，是这样的。
注意和“That’s all right”的区别。
That’s all right相当于That’s OK. 意为“没什么，没关系”，感谢之后的回答或在其它语境中使用。例如：
Thank you for helping me.
谢谢你帮我。
That’s all right.
没什么。
5. The temperature goes up.
温度上升。
go up. 上升，上涨。
Lesson 3. Postcards!
一. 学习目标：
1. 掌握的词汇及短语：
road, history, kick, not„„until, have funding„„
2. 识别词汇及短语：
outdoors, cycling.
二. 重点语句分析
1. Spring has arrived in Shijiazhuang.
春天来到了石家庄。
arrive.到达
reach均为“到达”的意思，三个词可以替换，例： get to
They arrived in Beijing last Friday.
他们上周五到达北京。
They got to Beijing last Friday.
They reached Beijing last Friday.
reach是及物动词，所以后面不加介词。
arrive加介词“in或at”，大地方用“in”，小地方用“at”，get和to连用，再如： They arrived at the village this morning.
They reached the village this morning.
They got to the village this morning.
如果到达的地点用副词即（home, there, here）表示时，后面均不加介词。例： He reached（arrived / got）there at five in the afternoon.
他下午五点钟到那的。
如果后面没有地点时（没有副词也没名词）常用arrive.
When he arrived, the train had gone.
他到时，火车已走了。
2. I see many people in the park exercising.
我看见许多人在公园锻炼。
see sb. doing sth.看见某人在做某事。例：
I heard the girl singing when I came.
我来时听见那个女孩在唱歌。
3. The sun will set in about fifteen minutes.
太阳将在大约15分钟后落下去。
in about fifteen minutes.
在大约15分钟后。
in后表加段时间，表示以说话的时间为起点，过多久以后。
常用于一般将来时，对其提问用how soon„„？例：
He will come back in half an hour.
他半小时后回来。
We’ll finish the text in 20 minutes.
20分钟我们就会完成这篇课文。
How soon will you finish your homework?
你要多久以后完成你的作业呢？
4. We won’t see any flowers until May.
直到五月我们才会看见花。
not„until„直到„才，构成的是时间状语从句，主句中的动词可以是结束性动词也可以是延续性动词，注意和汉语的不同。例：
I didn’t go to bed until I finished the work.
完成工作我才回家。
I won’t help you until I’m free.
直到有空我才会帮你的。
They didn’t work until we came back.
直到我们回来他们才开始工作。
until（till）可以直接用于肯定句中，这时主句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。例： I waited until he finished his work.
我一直等到他完成工作。
Walk along this road until you reach the end.
延着这条路走，直到尽头。
5. Chinese people like to fly kites in the early spring.
中国人喜欢在早春放风筝。
early spring.早春。
early May.五月上旬。
early fall. 初秋。
6. Kite flying has a long history in China.
风筝的放飞在中国有悠久的历史。
a long history.
悠久的历史。
flying是名词。“飞行”。
7. People, young and old, have fun flying kites outside.
人们，老的少的，在外面放风筝很有趣。
young and old做people的同位语，起解释说明的作用。
have fun doing sth.做„„有趣。
They have fun playing football.
他们踢足球很有趣。
I have fun learning English.
我学英语很有趣。
outside在外面，相当于outdoors，或in the open air.
Lesson 4. Sun Is Rising.
一. 学习目标：
1. 掌握的词汇及短语。
climb, one by one, charge.
2. 识别的词汇及短语：
hill side, gently, blossom.
二. 重点语句：
1. Come with me.
随我来。
with. 介词，“跟着、随着”。例：
With these words, he left the room.
说着这些话，他离开了房间。
With these words, he threw a big stone at the animal.
说着，他用一个大石头朝这个动物砸去。
2. One by one.一个接一个地。
3. See it bring, the season’s change.
看见它（春天）带来季节的改变。
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事，省“to”的不定式做宾补。
I saw the girl go out.
我看见那个女孩出去了。
change. n. 改变，或找零钱。例：
Great changes have taken place in China since 1990.
从1990年中国发生了巨大的改变。
Here is your change.
这是找你的钱。
change还可以做动词“替换”，change into。“变成”。
Please change the sentence into another one.
请把这个句子变成另一个句子。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：90分钟）
一. 词汇
A. 根据所给汉语，完成句子。
1. Today is a _____________（雪）day.
2. In winter, the __________（气温）goes down.
3. I was born in ___________（十二月）
4. It looks like a ______________（跳跃）rabbit.
5. She can look after ___________（自己）
B. 选出与画线部分相同或相近的选项。
（ ） A. at the end B. finally
（ ） A. look after him forever.
B. look after him for a while.
C. look at him for a moment.
（ ） A. arrived in B. arrived at C. reached
（ ） A. wearing B. putting on
（ ） A. buying bicycles
二. 单选
（ ）1. The sun _________ early and ________ late in summer.
A. rise, set B. rises, sets
C. sets, rises D. set, rise
（ ）2. Spring is coming, snow is ________ now.
A. melt B. melting
C. melts D. melted
（ ）3. Tom is new here. He has _______ friends, does he? C. dressed C. riding bicycles C. at first B. mending bicycles
A. many B. a few
C. few D. a little
（ ）4. You must pay attention. Your ball always _______ me ______ the head.
A. hit, on B. hits, to
C. hit, to D. hits, on
（ ）5. Thank you for ____________.
A. wake me up B. waking up me
C. waking me up D. wake up me
（ ）6. Mrs Jackson has lived in Beijing _______ two years.
A. for B. about C. with D. in
（ ）7. ________ to school in December is very cold.
A. Walk B. Walking
C. Go D. Running.
（ ）8. There ________ an English party tomorrow evening.
A. will is B. will have
C. will be D. has
（ ）9. The rain is very _____________.
A. big B. large
C. small D. heavy
（ ）10. The weather ________ get better _________ tomorrow.
A. won’t, until
C. will, till
三. 情景对话
A：How hot it is today!
B：I hear it’ll be hotter tomorrow.
A：Really? _______1________.
B：______2______. It’s cooler there.
A：______3______. Shall we go there tomorrow?
B：Sure. ______4______.
A：By bike, OK?
B：All right. _______5_______.
A：OK! See you then.
A. You can go to the swimming pool.
B. Let’s meet at 9a.m. in my home.
C. Sorry, I can’t help you.
D. How do you want to go there?
E. What shall we do? B. doesn’t, until D. never, till.
F. Good idea.
G. Why not go to the swimming pool?
四. 语段概括
1. Shopping for food in the United States today is not the same as it used to be. In the past, every neighbourhood had a little food market. Now every neighbourhood has a big supermarket. These are very different places. The old markets were usually small and friendly. People from the neighbourhood often stopped there to hear the news or to talk. However, this is not true in today’s supermarkets.
Supermarkets are usually large and not very friendly. They are not good place for meeting friends or talking. Many people in supermarkets seem to be tired and in a hurry. Often they are not very polite.
What is this paragraph comparing?（这段在比较什么）
_______________________________________________________________________ Main idea：_____________________________________________________________
2. The food in India is similar （相似）to the food in China. First of all, in both countries, rice is an important food. It is served at almost every meal in India and China. Both Indian and Chinese dishes can be spicy（芳香的）. They are also alike because they both use many different vegetables. In both countries, meat is not always the most important part of the meal. Finally, both countries include many different kinds of cooking. In India and China, each part of the country has its own favourite kinds of food and way of cooking.
What is this paragraph comparing?
________________________________________________________________ Main idea：______________________________________________________
五. 作文
你想成为一个称职的天气预报员吗？那么请你写一篇天气预报好吗？提示内容：
1. 春天来了，气温回升。
2. 明天晴，但有点冷。
3. 气温在3——12摄氏度。
4. 太阳大约早晨六点升，晚上六点降。
【试题答案】
一. 词汇
A. 1. snowy 4. jumping B. 1. B 二. 单选 1. B 6. A 三. 情景对话 1. E 四. 语段概括
2. temperature 5. herself 2. B 2. B 7. B 2. G
3. December
4. A 4. D 9. D 4. D
5. C 5. C 10. A 5. B
3. C 3. C 8. C 3. F
1. The little food market of the past and today’s supermarkets.
Main idea：Shopping for food in the United States is different from the way it used to be. 2. The food in India and China
Main idea：Food in India and China is similar in many ways. 五. 作文 略。