高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习

高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习

1、一般现在时

主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.

The earth goes around the sun.

Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.

考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.

只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。

考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。

The harder you study, the better results you will get.

2、现在进行时

表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。

We are having English class.

The house is being built these days.

The little boy is always making trouble.

考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street.

Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.

考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday.

3、现在完成时

表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。

现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：

考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点

They have lived in Beijing for five years.

They have lived in Beijing since 1995.

I have learned English for ten years.

考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,

Has it stopped raining yet ?

考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。

This is my first time that I have visited China.

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

That is the only book that he has written.

4．一般过去时

表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：

考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。

be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于

He used to smoke a lot.

He has got used to getting up early.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。

He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise

5. 过去进行时

表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.

He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help. What were you doing at nine last night?

The radio was being repaired when you called me.

6. 过去完成时

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till ) There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.

By the end of last term we had finished the book.

They finished earlier than we had expected.

考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.

I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.

No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）

考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。

That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.

It was 3 years since we had parted。

考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。

I had hoped that I could do the job.

I had intended to see you but I was too busy.

7. 一般将来时

表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008. 考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）

考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.

考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。 “am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。

“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are to be married in this May.

8、将来进行时

表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。

The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.

9、将来完成时

表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。

考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.

By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.

考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。

The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.

10. 动词的语态

一般用于强调受者， 做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。

考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed

It took place before liberation.

考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。 lock ( 锁 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 卖 ); read ( 读 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (责备)；ride (乘坐)； write ( 写 )；

Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。

The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。

The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。

The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。

考点三：一些常用经典被动句型：

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…， It is expected…, It is estimated…, 这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”，“人们认为……”，

而 “以前人们认为……” 则应该说：It was believed…, It was thought

练习：

1.—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it?

—I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you.

A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say

2. I wonder why Jenny _____us recently.We should have heard from her by now.

A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written

3.—When will you come to see me，Dad?

—I will go to see you when you ___ the training course.

A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish

4.—How long ____ at this job? —Since 1990.

A.were you employed B.have you been employed

C.had you been employed D.will you be employed

5By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ____ in Beijing.

A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed

6The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it.

A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost

8. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ from the university next year.

A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate

9. I feel it is your husband who ________for the spoiled child.

A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame

10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still ________.

A.has been B.does C.has D.is

11.If city noises ________ from increasing，people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.

A.are not kept; will have to B.are not kept; have to

C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to

12.The price ________，but I doubt whether it will remain so.

A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going down

13.—How long ________ each other before they ________ married?

—For about a year.

A.have they known; get B.did they know; get

C.do they know; are going to get D.had they known; got

14.You can’t move in right now.The house ________.

A.has painted B.is painted C.is being painted D.is painting

15.—Hey，look where you are going!—Oh，I’m terribly sorry.________.

A.I’m not noticing B.I wasn’t noticing C.I haven’t noticed D.I don’t notice

16.The reporter said that the UFO ________ east to west when he saw it.

A.was traveling B.traveled C.had been traveling D.was to travel

17.—Is this raincoat yours?—No，mine ________ there behind the door.

A.is hanging B.has hang C.hangs D.hang

18.I turned around and saw everybody ________ at a man who ________ loudly in a foreign language.

A.was staring; was shouting B.was staring; shouting

C.staring; shouting D.stared; shouted

19.Henry remained silent for a moment.He ________.

A.thought B.had thought C.was thinking D.was thought

20.We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we ________ out his address yet,

A.haven’t found B.hadn’t found C.didn’t find D.don’t find

21.Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished.

A.has written B.wrote C.had written D.was writing

22.—Have you got your test result? —Not yet.The papers ________.

A.are not correcting B.have not corrected

C.are still being corrected D.have already been corrected

23.See the clouds! It ________ rain!

A.will B.is going to C.must D.certainly

24.Do I have to take this medicine? It ________ so terrible.

A.tastes B.is tasting C.is tasted D.has tasted

25.Don’t take the magazine away.It ________ me.

A.is belonged to B.belongs to C.was belonged to D.is belonging to

26.Is this the third time that you ________ late?

A.have been B.am C.was D.had been

27.—Do you know when Tom ____ from abroad?—Perhaps it will be a long time before he ____.

A.will come; will come B.comes; will come C.will come; comes D.comes; comes

28.My uncle said that he would telephone but I ________ from him so far.

A.didn’t hear B.hadn’t heard C.haven’t heard D.won’t hear

29.The telephone _____ four times in the last hour，and each time it _____ for my roommate.

A.has rung; was B.has been ringing; is C.had rung; was D.rang; has been

30.A storm ________ by a calm.

A.is often being followed B.was often followed

C.is often followed D.has often been followed

31.The pen I ________ I ________ is on my desk，right under my nose.

A.think; lost B.thought; had lost C.think; had lost D.thought; lost

32.—We could have walked to the station.It was so near. —Yes，a taxi ________ at all necessary.

A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.couldn’t be D.won’t be

33.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday only to find it ________.

A.to be broken B.had broken into C.was broken D.had been broken into

34.They believed that by using computers the production of their factory ________.

A.will greatly increase B.would greatly increase

C.would be increased greatly D.will have been greatly increased

35.His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he ________.

A.had long been expected B.had long expected

C.has long expected D.was long expected

36.—Do you like the new pen?—Yes，it ________ very well.

A.is written B.is writing C.writes D.wrote

37.—Oh，it’s you? I didn’t recognize you.—I ________ my hair cut，and I ________ new glass.

A.had; was wearing B.have had; am wearing C.had; wore D.have had; wear

38.As she ________ the newspaper，Granny ________ asleep.

A.read; was falling B.was reading; fell C.was reading; was falling D.read; fell

39.However hard you ________，you will never succeed in pleasing her.

A.try B.will try C.should try D.would try

40.—Can I help you，sir?—Yes，I bought this radio yesterday，but it ________.

A.didn’t work B.won’t work C.can’t work D.doesn’t work

41.—How are you today? —Oh，I ________ as ill as I do now for a very long time.

A.didn’t feel B.wasn’t feeling C.don’t feel D.haven’t felt

42.When Jack arrived he learned Mary ________ for about an hour.

A.had gone B.had set off C.had left D.had been away

43.By this time tomorrow we ________ the machine.

A.have repaired B.shall have repaired C.will repair D.would repair

44.I don’t think Jim saw me，he ________ into space.

A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared

45.Helen ________ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband ________ home.

A.had left; came B.has left; comes C.left; had come D.had left; would come

46.—You have left the light on. —Oh，so I have.________ and turn it off.

A.I’ll go B.I’ve gone C.I go D.I’m going

47.This is Ted’s photo.We miss him a lot.He ________ trying to save a child in earthquake.

A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killing

48.The notice ________ “No smoking.”

A.is wrote B.reads C.writes D.is read

49.Good care must ________ babies particularly while they are ill.

A.take B.take of C.be taken D.be taken of

50.Shortly after we ________，a waiter came over to our table with a smile.

A.seated B.were seated C.sat ourselves D.had seated

51.—You look pale，what troubled you?—I ________ my dead friend.

A.am thinking about B.was thinking about C.had thought about D.will think about

52.John and I ________ friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we ________ each other a couple of times before that.

A.had been; have seen B.have been; have seen

C.have been; had seen D.had been; had seen

53.Do make sure that you ________ a seat today!

A.got B.get C.should D.have get

54.We ________ at the house as we ________ of buying it.

A.looked; were thinking B.were looking; were thinking

C.were looking; thought D.looked; had thought

55.—I’m told that you are leaving for Beijing. —Who ________ so?

A.said B.had said C.says D.has said

56.I ________ the room to be empty but found it occupied.

A.had thought B.have thought C.didn’t think D.was thinking

57.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _____so rapidly.

A.will have changed B.has changed C.is changing D.will change

58.I ________ ping-pong quite well，but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.

A.will play B.have played C.played D.play

59.Visitors ________ not to touch the exhibits.

A.will request B.are requested C.are requesting D.request

60.They ________ a snowstorm on their way home.

A.caught in B.had caught C.were caught D.were caught in

参考答案：

1～5 DADBD 6~10 BBCAD

11～15 ACDCB 16~20 AAACA

21～25 DCBAB 26~30 ACCAC

31～35 BADCC 36~40 CBBAD

41～45 DDBBA 46~50 ACBDB

51～55 BCBBC 5 6~60 ACDBD

【解析】

1.用过去时表达没能早说之意。

2.用完成时表达到目前为止本应发生的动作。

3.主句将来时，状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。

4.本句用完成时当无疑问，值得注意的是后面的结构是系表结构表状态，不是被动语态。

5.受by the end of last year的影响，本句是典型的过去完成时。

6.体会一下时间的先后就可明白，前一句是一般过去时，后一句是过去完成时。

7.空格所指的是说话前正在考虑的动作。

9.本句是强调句型，sb. is to blame是“得怪谁”的意思。

10.填空处是现在进行时的省略。

14.现在进行时的被动语态。

16.强调看见时the UFO正在发生的动作。

22.答语为现在进行时的被动语态，指“试卷正在被批改”。

23.有征兆表明某事即将发生一般用be going to 表达。

24.taste为连系动词，因而没有被动语态。

25.belong to没有被动语态。

30.全句意为“暴风雨过后是一片宁静”。

33.only to引导的是一个结果状语，所填空处是典型的过去完成时的被动语态。

40.一般现在时陈述事实。

43.受by this time tomorrow这一时间状语的影响，本题所填是中学不太常见的将来完成时。

2013全国各地动词时态语态高考真题及详解 （共33题）

以下是1-10题

1. 2013年高考英语【安徽卷】24. I’m calling about the apartment you ______ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?

A. advertised B. had advertised C. are advertising D. will advertise

A。本题考查动词时态。此题的解题关键是句中的时间状语the other day，这个时间状语跟一般过去时态连用，没有例外。

【句意】我在电话咨询你前几天登广告的公寓。可以再告诉我一些信息吗？

【小窍门】做动词时态题，很重要的一个方法就是找出句中的时间状语。

2. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years.

A. had been made . B. was made C. has been made D. would be made

C。本题考查动词的时态。本题的解题关键是后面的时间状语over the past years，这种时间状态，通常都是跟现在完成时态连用的，因此锁定答案。

【拓展】现在完成时态有两种用法，其中一种是表示一个动作从过去的某个时候发生，一直延续到现在，此时，经常使用的时间状语有：so far，up to/till now，for …years，since…，over/in/during the past … years，等等。

【句意】在过去的几年中，莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》已经被制作成至少十部不同 的电影。

3. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】25. --- Do you think Mom and Dad ______ late? --- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.

A. were B. will be C. would be D. have been

B。本题考查动词的时态。从句意看，是对将来情况的一种推测，故应该用一般将来时态。

【句意】 — 你认为爸妈会晚到吗？— 不，瑞士航班总是准点。

4. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl ______ us.

A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect

B。本题考查动词的时态。既然是让人家快点，那别 人就一定是正在等，因此锁定正确答案。

【句意】快点！Mark和Carol正在等我们呢。

5. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】32. --- So what is the procedure?

--- All the applicants ______ before a final decision is made by the authority.

A. interview B. are interviewing

C. are interviewed D. are being interviewed

C。本题考查动词的时态语态。从语态看，申请者是被面试，排除选项A，B；

从时态看，既然是程序，那就应该用一般现在时来表达，排除选项D。

【句意】—程序如何？ — 权威部门做出最终决定之前，所有的申请者都要接受面试。

6. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】23. The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.

A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited

B。本题考查时 态及主谓一致。主语是单数，尽管后面跟有介词或介词词组作附属修饰语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。排除A和C；2012 Taipei Flower Expo是一个过去的时间，动作已经发生，和现在没有关系，没必要用现在完成时，排除D

【句意】这个著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年的台北花展上演出。

7. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】26. The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.

A. took B. is taking C. takes D. has been taking

D。本题考查动词时态。A是一般过去时，B是现在进行时，C是一般现在时，D是现在完成进行时over the last three years.常用于完成时，所以选D。

【句意】这个女孩很喜欢运动，在过去的三年时间一直坚持每周上两次羽毛球兴趣班。

8. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】22．“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh，I________ president，” said the boy, with a smile. A．have been B．am C．was D．will be

D。考查动词时态。从题干want可判断出本题考查一般将来时。解题技巧：要善于在语境明确时态，如;want, intend, plan, mean,

expect等表示计划打算的动词，隐含着将来意义。

【句意】“你长大了想干什么？”Crawford先生问道，男孩笑着说：“我想当总统。”

9. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】24．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in

her dream. It somewhat ________ us.

A．bothers B．had bothered C．would bother D．bothered

A。考查动词时态。解题思路：从状语around two o’clock every night可判断出，本句要用一般现在时，will start表示现在的趋势而非将来时，故选择A。

【句意】每晚两点左右，他总是开始说梦话，多少总会打搅我们。

10. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】26．If nothing ________， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

A．doe s B．had been done C．will do D．is done

D。考查动词时态语态——一般现在时的被动语态。解题 思路：根据”主将从现”原则, if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，排除B、C；nothing做主语，和do构成动宾关系，排除A，选择D。

【句意】如果不采取措施，海洋将成为鱼类的沙漠（海洋鱼类资源面临枯竭）。