1.小学比较级
形容词副词比较级与最高级讲义（for teacher）
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1．大多数单词的变法 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest large→larger→largest big→bigger→biggest easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily
great→greater→greatest clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest
nice→nicer→nicest hot→hotter→hottest
able→abler→ablest fat→fatter→fattest
2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；
3．在重读闭音节（辅＋元＋辅）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； 4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest
5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；
注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
（2） 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem.
=It is a very important problem.
6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good-----better------best 好的 well------better------best 身体好的 bad------worse------worst 坏的 ill--------worse-------worst 病的 many--------more------most 许多 much------more--------most 许多 few------less-------least 少数几个
little-------less------least 少数一点儿 far------further------furthest 更进一步，程度 far------farther------farthest 更远，路程 old-------older------oldest 年老的（指年纪） old------elder-------eldest 年老的（指兄弟姐妹的排行）
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1．“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。 如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。 注意：
① 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。 ②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。 如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. ③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”
It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。 It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。
The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。
The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。 The sooner，the better. 越快越好。 5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：
①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.
如：The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高) ②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) ③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。
如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。 7."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. 8. 比较级与最高级的转换：
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 9.修饰比较级和最高级的词 1）可修饰比较级的词
①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
③. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。 This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意：
a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent. 10.要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother.
11.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia. 12.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
13.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.
三.课堂练习
● 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. My school is ______________, but Tom’s school is ______________ than mine. And Sally’s school is the ______________. (small)
2. Rabbits can run ______________, but tigers can run ______________ than rabbits, and cheetahs can run ______________ of the three. (fast)
3.Pig is ______________, but deer is ______________ than pig, and elephant is the ______________ (heavy)
4. I’m ______________, but she is ______________ than me. (beautiful)
5. Every day is ______________. But today is the ______________ day I have ever had. (busy) 6. I think pizza is the ______________ food of all. (delicious) 7．My brother is two years _________ (old) than me. 8. Is your sister _________ (young) than you? Yes,she is. 9. Who is __________ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
10. Whose pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? Hers is. 11．Ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 12．Does Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does. 13．My eyes are __________(big) than hers.
14．Which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 15．Who gets up ________ (early),Tim or Tom?
16．Do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
17．Jim runs _____ (slow). But Ben runs _____(slow). ● 五、翻译句子。
1．谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are
2．谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________. 3．谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is ________ ,______ or ________？________ is,I think. 4．Yang Ling每天睡得比Su Yang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day. 5．你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____ you_______the kite _____than Wang Bing?No,I _____ it _____than _____ . 6．我的姐姐起得比我早。My _____ _____ up _____than me.
7．她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ 8.她比我漂亮。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________ 9.我学习比他们好。（well）
_______________________________________________________________ 10.她是我们中间最漂亮的。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________ 11.我学习是全班上最好的。（well）
_______________________________________________________________
_____than _____.
形容词副词比较级与最高级讲义（for student）
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
三.课堂练习
● 1. My school is ______________, but Tom’s school is ______________ than mine. And Sally’s school is the ______________. (small)
2. Rabbits can run ______________, but tigers can run ______________ than rabbits, and cheetahs can run ______________ of the three. (fast)
3.Pig is ______________, but deer is ______________ than pig, and elephant is the ______________ (heavy)
4. I’m ______________, but she is ______________ than me. (beautiful)
5. Every day is ______________. But today is the ______________ day I have ever had. (busy) 6. I think pizza is the ______________ food of all. (delicious) 7．My brother is two years _________ (old) than me. 8. Is your sister _________ (young) than you? Yes,she is. 9. Who is __________ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
10. Whose pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? Hers is. 11．Ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 12．Does Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does. 13．My eyes are __________(big) than hers.
14．Which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 15．Who gets up ________ (early),Tim or Tom?
16．Do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
17．Jim runs _____ (slow). But Ben runs _____(slow). ● 五、翻译句子。
1．谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are
2．谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________. 3．谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is ________ ,______ or ________？________ is,I think. 4．Yang Ling每天睡得比Su Yang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day. 5．你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____ you_______the kite _____than Wang Bing?No,I _____ it _____than _____ . 6．我的姐姐起得比我早。My _____ _____ up _____than me.
7．她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than _____. 8.她比我漂亮。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________ 9.我学习比他们好。（well）
_______________________________________________________________ 10.她是我们中间最漂亮的。（pretty）
_______________________________________________________________ 11.我学习是全班上最好的。（well）
_______________________________________________________________