高考英语-语法填空专题
Passage 1-3
(A)
My stay in New York
After graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.
Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulders. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps, (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.
Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration. I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realise that a quiet town life was the best for me.
(B)
The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop
Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in the form of the country's first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.
Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with security cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.
Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.
He said: "I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term automatic shop is far (37) ______ (appropriate)."
In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores.
Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ those villages without a local shop.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food ___41___ at the supermarket. Since you really ___42___ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help ___43___ some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up — is a choice architect.
Governments don't have to ___44___ healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect — one that encourages us to choose what is best — we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with ___45___ hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives. The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to ___46___ foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains ___47___ by looking at the lights on the package. A green light ___48___ that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be ___49___; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in ___50___. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.
Passage 4
As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the of our mother‟s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It‟s how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don‟t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes for facial recognition.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from
in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a person‟s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face we are looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations. (324 words)
Passage 5
If you ask an English about the press in his country, he will almost certainly begin talking about the morning daily and Sunday “national newspaper,” all of __25__ now have their head offices in London. Later, almost as an afterthought, he may go on __26__ (talk) about the provincial morning dailies, the London and provincial evening papers. The dominating position of the national daily papers is due to the smallness of the country, with every large town in __27__ (little) than five hours from London. A paper __28__ (print) in around midnight can be at any breakfast table in English the next morning, except in remote country districts. All over the country, most people read __29__ same newspapers and the dominant position of the London papers may reflect a lack of regional identity.
The press, including weekly magazines and local newspapers, is mostly owned by one of about five large organizations. Independent small newspaper-publishers find __30__ very difficult to survive, and many newspapers __31__ (stop) publication during the past twenty years, including even some national ones. But the huge organizations, or empires, differ __32__ one another and are themselves not static.
Passage 6
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices, thus __33__ (establish) a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attentions to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need of labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: __34__ advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need __35__ (double), and travel by bus or tube __36__ (cost) 20 percent more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you __37__ (buy). Apart from the fact __38__ twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He __39__ fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public had the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does __40__is claimed for it, and that it represents good value.
A woman named Emily (25) ________ (renew) her driver‟s license was asked by a woman recorder to state her occupation. She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself. “What I mean is (26) ________ you have a job.” explained the recorder.
“Of course I have a job,” replied Emily. “I ‟m a mother.”
“We don‟t list „mother ‟ (27) ________ an occupation … „Housewife ‟ covers it,” said the recorder.
I forgot all about her story (28) ________ one day I found myself in the same situation at Town Hall. The clerk was obviously a career woman. “What is your occupation?” she asked.
I don ‟t know what made me say it. The words simply got out. “I‟m a researcher in the field of Child Development and Human Relation.”
The clerk paused and looked up (29) _______ _______she hadn‟t heard right.
“Migh t I ask,” said the clerk, “what do you do in your field?”
Coolly, I heard myself reply, “I have a continuing program of research, in the laboratory and in the field. Normally, I would have said indoors and out. I‟m working for my Master, the whole family, and already have four credits. Of course, the job is one of the (30) ________ (demanding) in the humanities, and I often work 14 hours a day, but the job is more challenging and the rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money.”
There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk ‟s voice as she completed the form, stood up and personally showed me to the door.
As I drove into our driveway, I was greeted by my lab assistant. Upstairs I could hear my new experimental model, a six-month-old baby, in the child-development program, (31) ________ (test) out a new vocal pattern. I felt proud! Motherhood … What a glorious career!
(B)
Once upon a time, a boy was walking through a large woods (32) ________ he found a big blackboard hanging on an old tree trunk. It came complete with a box of chalk pieces, and bright sparks were flying from the tips of every piece of chalk. The boy took a piece of chalk and started to draw on the blackboard: first a tree, then a rabbit, and then a flower …
Magically, whenever he finished a figure, it came to life and jumped out of the blackboard. Before long, the place became a wonderfully green and fertile forest, full of animals playing happily.
(33)________ (excite), the boy also drew his parents and brothers and sisters enjoying a picnic, with their sandwiches and cold meats. He also drew the paper plates and the empty tins of sardines (沙丁鱼) left on the ground, (34) ________ always happened on their picnics. But when these bits of litter came to life, (35) __________ awful happened: around every paper plate and every empty tin, the forest turned grey, and this greyness started spreading quickly everywhere: to the grass, to the flowers, to the animals … The boy realized the litter was (36) ________ (blame) for all the greyness, so he ran through the forest with the blackboard rubber in his hand to rub it out wherever it (37) ________ (land).
He was quick and lucky, and didn‟t leave a single piece of litter. The forest and its animals managed to recover, and they played together for the rest of the day.
The boy never again saw that blackboard, but now, every time he goes to the countryside with his family, he
(38) ________ remember that adventure and is the first (39) ________ (pick) up any litter. And he is sure to remind the others that anything (40) ________ (leave) in the woods can do more damage to the environment than they ever would have expected.
We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.
An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for will
disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy friendly relationship with them.
An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live peace.
Passage 1-3
第二大题每小题1分。共26分。
25. where 26. To earn 27. as soon as / as long as 28. exhausted 29. if
30. what 31. adapting 32. did
33. an 34. is equipped 35. which 36. myself 37. more appropriate
38. has forced 39. urging 40. to
41. G 42. C 43.1 44. F 45. E 46. B 47. K 48. J 49. A 50. H
Passage 4
46—49 IDGC 41—45 JHBEF
Passage 5-6
25.
29.
33.
37. which the establishing buy 26. 30. 34. 38. to talk it without that 27. 31. 35. 39. less have stopped to be doubled may/might 28. 32. 36. 40. printed from would cost what
Passage 7-8
25. renewing 26. whether
30. most demanding 31. testing
32. when 33. Exited 34. which
37. had landed/landed 38. will
27. as 28. until 29. as if 35. something 39. to pick 36. to blame 40. left
Passage 9
48. 【答案】them
【试题解析】考察上下文串联。本句中的them 就是指第一句中的neighbors 。句义:我们可以选择朋友,但是我们不能选择邻居。然而,为了幸福的家庭生活,我们不得不要和邻居尽可能地好好相处。
49. 【答案】others
【试题解析】考察代词。Others 其他人;句义:在邻里相处方面一个很重要的品质就是要为他人做考虑。Others 是没有范围限制的其他人,本句中没有提及范围限制。
50. 【答案】which/that
【试题解析】考察定语从句。本句是一个定语从句,先行词是things ,使用关系代词that/which指代先行词在句中做主语。句义:人们不应该做一些打扰他们邻居的事情。
51. 【答案】and
【试题解析】考察句子结构。本句是一个并列句。句义:订书机不需要开到最大的音量,吵闹的音乐也不应该在很晚的时候播放。本句中的两句都是说明我们不应该做一些打扰邻居的事情,所以使用and 连接这两个并列句。
52. 【答案】 a
【试题解析】考察冠词。本横线后面的名词relationship 是一个可数名词,使用a 修饰表示泛指。句义:通过避免做这些让邻居难受的事情,你可以和邻居有很好的关系。
53. 【答案】 but
【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义:邻居要做所有能做的事情来避免打扰他人,但是有时候一些打扰又是不可避免的。根据句义可知上下文之间存在着转折关系,故使用but 。
54. 【答案】If/When
【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义:如果邻居想要友好相处,他们就不得不表示出他们的容忍。本句可以使用if 也可以使用when ,在条件句或者时间状语从句中,都可以使用一般现在时代替将来时。
55. 【答案】 in
【试题解析】考察固定搭配in peace安静,宁静;句义:通过这种方法,每个人都可以生活在安宁之中。