学术英语unit1练习答案

Unit 1 Lesson2

Section A

Presenting a Speech

Task 3 Translation

A. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (P14)

1. 通过语言，我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识和传承文化。

2. 暗喻是一种隐性的比喻，它能够把两个不同但是有一些共同之处的事物联系在一起。

3. 实际上，熟练地使用论据经常是区别优秀演说和空洞演说的关键所在。

4. 为了使表达更加富有效果，你演说中的举例应该生动活泼，丰富多彩。

5. 扩展性的例子---描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事---通常长些，但更具体。

6. 虚拟性的例子描述想象中的情形，能够十分有效地将演说者的思想传达给听众。

7. 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释，这些数据将有助于传达信息，听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。

8. 引用那些权威的观点对于增加演说者的

可信度来说是一种好方法。

9. 语言是演说者展示才能的工具。对于他们来说，如同其他职业的工具一样，语言也有特殊的功用。

10. 演说的表达方式基本上有四种：通读手稿中的段落，复述背诵过的一段文章，幻灯片辅助的演说，即兴发挥的演说。

B. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (P15)

发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的想法是相关联的， 你的思路是从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。

在准备提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点。发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在些发言提纲时，可采用准

备提纲的模式。尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰、易于辨认。

C. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases in brackets. Make additions or changes where necessary. (P16)

1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture.

2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view.

3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice.

4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience.

5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing.

6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.

7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible.

8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers’ideas clearly and interestingly.

9. You should not blindly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary.

10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful.

D. Translate the following passage into English.(P17)

Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points

clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

Task 5 Writing Practice (P18)

This article is about how to make an effective speech. First of all, a speaker should understand how language works. To present an effective speech, the speaker should be able to use his words accurately, clearly and vividly. To make a speech more effective, three basic types of supporting materials are needed: examples, statistics and testimony. The use of these materials can help affect the speech in a satisfactory way. Speech delivery is also very important. The article suggests some effective

ways of delivering speeches. One of them is to use PowerPoint. Other factors which may affect a speech are also mentioned briefly, such as personal appearance, bodily actions, gestures, eye contact and volume, pauses and so on.

Section C

Writing: How to Write a Short Speech Task 1 Sample Writing (P27)

Good morning, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen,

It is my great pleasure on behalf of the university to extend our warm welcome to all the conference participants.

It is a special honor for us to be holding the International Symposium on Computer Science at our university. Among the participants are well-known professors, scientists and scholars in this field. I believe that this symposium will offer a good opportunity for you to exchange your ideas,

share your latest research achievements and further cooperation in the field of computer science as well.

Also, to some extent, this symposium will help us develop computer science in our university and help push forward our research in this field.

Finally, I hope the symposium will be a great success and I hope everyone will enjoy their stay here. Thank you!

Task 3 Sample Writing (P28)

Ladies and gentlemen,

Happy New Year to everybody!

I am very happy to see all of you here to celebrate the arrival of the new year. In particular, I am delighted to have so many foreign professors, teachers and friends with us this evening.

Last year, with the joint efforts of all the faculty members, we made some impressive achievements in both research and teaching.

Some of our research and teaching programs have won awards at the national and provincial levels. We certainly owe these achievements to our colleagues and our foreign friends here. I’d like to take this opportunity to express my thanks to you for what you have done for our university. Also, I’d like to wish everyone good health and success in the new year. Now let me propose a toast. Happy New Year!

Useful Expressions:

Welcoming speech

— Today, we feel very honored to have … with us.

— On behalf of all present here, ...

— Let’s extend our warm welcome and cordial greetings to our distinguished guest. — Now let us invite … to give us a lecture.

Answering speech

— Thank you for your nice welcome and reception.

— It has been a long cherished hope to visit …

— We are fortunate to enjoy this rare chance today.

— We feel specially honored to be given this opportunity to meet such a nice group of distinguished people.

Send-off speech

— How time flies!

— It was here that we gave … a hearty welcome … ago. We are now here again to bid … farewell.

— As you know, … is well known to the world for his great achievements in the field of …

— … will leave for home tomorrow.

— We sincerely hope that … will benefit us with some advice and valuable suggestions. — Finally, we want to take this opportunity to beg … to convey our profound friendship and best regards to his people.

— We are sure our stay here will be a fruitful and enjoyable one.