中医辨证论治老年性便秘
中医辨证论治老年性便秘
【摘要】便秘是老年常见病和多发病,病位在大肠,但是与肝、肺、脾胃、肾关系密切。根据老年人的生理特点,气血虚、肾虚是引起便秘的主要原因。随着人民生活水平的逐渐提高,在临床中,发现由于肝郁气滞、湿滞大肠等引起便秘比较多见。治疗老年性便秘必须针对不同的致病原因,分别采用不同的治疗方法。在进行药物治疗的同时,必要的功能锻炼,合理的饮食等也很重要。
【Abstract 】Constipation arecommon diseases and frequently occurring disease in the elderly . Location of disease for constipation is in the large intestine , but it is closely related to liver, lung , the spleen and stomach and kidney . According to the physiological feature of the aged people , we may draw such conclusions : vital energy and blood deficiency ,renal dificiency are the main cause of senile constipation . The major constipation which caused by stagnation of QI due to depression of the liver and humidity hysteresis in large intestine are often occurredin clinical with people’s living standard deve lopment gradually.So we should aim at different pathogeny to select the corresponding treatment. It is showed that routine medicine is very important for senile constipation as well as necessary functional exercise and reasonable food and drink.
【Key words】Senile constipation Treat with TCM
便秘指的是大便次数减少或大便排出困难,其中包括大便质地干燥,坚硬而秘结不通;或大便质地并不干燥,呈软条状,仍努挣不畅,或排便间隔时间延长,或虽有便意但排出困难的病证,为老年常见病,多发病。
本证在《伤寒论》中,有“阳结”“阴结”及“脾约”名称,有火的是阳结,无火的是阴结,大便坚、小便数为脾约。
1 病因病机
饮食入胃,经过脾胃运化,吸收其精华之后,所剩糟粕,最后由大肠传送而出。如果胃肠功能正常,则大便通畅,不致发生便秘。便秘形成的病因有肠胃积热、肺失肃降、情志不畅、血虚津亏、气虚乏力、阴寒凝滞、湿滞大肠等,引起肠道津液耗伤,肠失濡养,传导功能失常,老年性便秘,实证比较少,多为虚症,或虚中夹实,尤以气血虚为多见。