绿海龟外周血细胞显微结构与分类
绿海龟外周血细胞显微结构与分类
李长玲，曹伏君，黄翔鹄，刘楚吾，麦哲文
（广东海洋大学水产学院，广东 湛江 524025）
摘 要：对绿海龟(Chelonia mydas) 外周血细胞的进行显微观察。结果表明，经Wright’s染液染色，可鉴定出红血细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜中性粒细胞等七种血细胞。其中红血细胞数量多，长椭圆形，具圆核。白细胞数量少，多为圆形，分无颗粒型白细胞和颗粒型白细胞两种。无颗粒型白细胞包括单核细胞和淋巴细胞，细胞质中无特殊颗粒；颗粒型白细胞包括嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和嗜中性粒细胞，细胞质中具有特殊颗粒。在白血细胞中，血栓细胞体积最小，单核细胞体积最大；在数量上，血栓细胞最多，淋巴细胞次之，单核细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞则较少。绿海龟的淋巴细胞可分为大淋巴细胞和小淋巴细胞两种类型。在外周血细胞中可观察到分解、解体状态的红血细胞，还可观察到少量未成熟的红血细胞和嗜中性粒细胞，偶尔可见正在分裂的红血细胞，提示红血细胞也可在外周血直接分裂。
关键词：绿海龟；血细胞；显微结构
中图分类号：Q959.6+32 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-9159（2008）03-0024-05 Microstructure and Identification of Peripheral Blood in Chelonia mydas
LI Chang-ling, CAO Fu-jun, HUANG Xiang-hu, LIU Chu-wu, MAI Zhe-wen
(Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025,China )
Abstract: The morphology of peripheral blood cells of the Chelonia mydas was studied. On the stained smears, seven major types of cells are recognized: erythrocyte, thrombocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil. Among these cells, erythrocyte is the most abundant and has round nucleus. Leucocytes are divided into two types: granulocytes and non-granulocytes. Non-granulocytes include lymphocyte and monocyte; granulocytes include neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil. In size, thrombocyte is the smallest among leucocytes, and monocyte is the largest; in quantity, thrombocyte is the largest, lymphocyte the second, then monocyte and basophil. Lymphocytes can be divided into two types: large lymphocyte and small one. In peripheral blood cells, decomposition as well as immature erythrocytes can be observed, and sometimes even in the process of fission.
Key words: Chelonia mydas；blood cells；microstructure
绿海龟(Chelonia mydas) 隶属于爬行纲(Reptile)
龟鳖目(Testudoformes)海龟科(Chelonidae)海龟属
(Chelonia ) ，为我国二级保护动物[1-2]。血细胞是机
体免疫的重要成分，对外界环境的理化刺激较为敏
感，特别是对寄生虫、致病微生物以及药物等引起
的反应更明显。对血细胞进行研究，既有助于从比较血液学和比较免疫学的角度认识它们的正常和病理功能与动物生长发育、成熟繁殖、生存环境等因素的关系，又能从系统演化上探讨它们的进化趋势和特点[3]。对龟鳖类外周血细胞的研究，国内外