西南大学[语言学导论]网上作业及参考答案

1：[单选题]The syllabic structure of the word "children" is ______.

A:CVCCVC

B:CCVCCCVC

C:CCVCCVC

D:CVVCCVC

参考答案：A

2：[单选题]There are ______ morphemes in the word "policemen".

A: two

B:three

C:four

D:five

参考答案：B

3：[单选题]Which of the following statements is FALSE:

A:Language is just for communication.

B:Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world.

C: Language is a sign system.

D:Language is arbitrary and conventional.

参考答案：A

4：[单选题]Of the following sounds, ______ is a rounded vowel.

A:[au]

B: [u:]

C:[ju:]

D:[e]

参考答案：B

5：[单选题]_____ are produced when the nasal passage is opened by lowering the soft palate ant the back of the throat and the air is allowed to pass through it.

A:Semi-vowels

B:Affricates

C:Nasals

D:Glides

参考答案：C

6：[单选题]_____ studies the changes in language and language use with respect to social factors. A:Sociolinguistics

B:Comparative linguistics

C:Syntax

D:Computational linguistics

参考答案：A

7：[单选题]A ______ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.

A:root

B:free morpheme

C:stem

D:suffix

参考答案：C

8：[单选题]Which one of the following statements does not account for the primacy of speech over writing in linguistic analysis? _______

A:Speech existed long before writing systems came into being.

B:Speech is more complex than writing.

C:Genetically children learn to speak before learning to write.

D: Written forms just represent in this way or that the speech sounds.

参考答案：B

9：[单选题]Foreign language learners’ errors may be caused by ________.

A:borrowing patterns from the mother tongue

B:extending patterns form the target language, e.g. by analogy

C:expressing meanings using the words and grammar which are already known

D:all the above three

参考答案：D

10：[单选题]Language serves the ________ function when it is used to express the speaker’s feeling or attitude or to arouse a certain feeling or attitude in the hearer.

A: phatic

B:informative

C:emotive

D:directive

参考答案：C

11：[单选题]By _____, we mean language can refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.

A:cultural transmission

B: interchangeability

C:displacement

D:creativity

参考答案：C

12：[单选题]When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a _____ function.

A:expressive

B:evocative

C:performative

D:phatic

参考答案：D

13：[单选题]The branch of linguistic study called _____ is concerned with how speakers use the sentences of a language to achieve effective and successful communication.

A:sociolinguistics

B:pragmatics

C:syntax

D:computational linguistics

参考答案：B

14：[单选题]_____ is the study of meaning in language.

A:Syntax

B:Applied linguistics

C:Morphology

D:Semantics

参考答案：D

15：[单选题]Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.

A：False

B：True

参考答案：B

16：[单选题]Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _____ and meanings.

A：sense

B：sounds

C：objects

D：ideas

参考答案：B

17：[判断题]Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

参考答案：错误

18：[判断题]A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 参考答案：错误

19：[单选题]Modern linguistics regards the written language as _____.

A：primary

B：better

C：secondary

D：unchangeable

参考答案：C

20：[判断题]Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

参考答案：正确

21：[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.

参考答案：错误

22：[单选题]If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be ______.

A：prescriptive

B：analytic

C：descriptive

D：linguistic

参考答案：C

23：[单选题]Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?

A：Arbitrariness

B：Displacement

C：Duality

D：Meaningfulness

参考答案：D

1：[判断题]All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.

参考答案：正确

2：[单选题]In first language acquisition, imitation plays ___.

A：a minor role

B：a significant role

C：a basic role

D： no role

参考答案：A

3：[单选题]_____ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.

A：Words

B：Morphemes

C：Phonemes

D：Sentences

参考答案：B

4：[单选题]Bound morphemes are those that ____.

A： have to be used independently

B：can not be combined with other morphemes

C：can stand as words on their own

D： have to be combined with other morphemes

参考答案：D

5：[单选题]The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _____.

A：lexical

B：morphemic

C：grammatical

D：semantic

参考答案：C

6：[单选题]A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.

A：back

B：central

C：front

D：middle

参考答案：C

7：[判断题]Sense is concerned with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.

参考答案：错误

8：[单选题]The sound /f/ is ____.

A：voiced palatal affricate

B：voiced alveolar stop

C：voiceless velar fricative

D：voiceless labiodental fricative

参考答案：D

9：[单选题]Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _____.

A：in phonemic contrast

B：in complementary distribution

C：the allophones

D：minimal pair

参考答案：A

10：[单选题]The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones ______.

A：identical

B：same

C：exactly alike

D：similar

参考答案：D

11：[单选题]____ is a voiced alveolar stop.

A：/z/

B：/d/

C：/k/

D：/b/

参考答案：B

12：[单选题]The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.

A：voiceless

B：voiced

C：vowel

D：consonantal

参考答案：A

13：[单选题]According to Grice’s theory, a conversational implicature arises when the cooperative principle and its maxims are _______.

A:strictly observed

B:secretly and deliberately violated