louis pasteur 路易巴斯德

Louis Pasteur

Good morning, everybody! My figure today is Louis Pasteur.

Forgive my ignorance, the first time I saw this name I thought it got to be a king or something like that because I believed I had never heard about it, which is the same with my dorm-mates and maybe the majority of you. But later it heavily hit me in my face.

First let’s look at the picture. It is not rather clear, but I hope you recalled something. It was an experiment that appeared in our biology textbook in junior high. And at first I thought all of you were familiar with it, but as a former science student, Leo replied me with a “no ”.

If you still have not got a clear picture about him(figured out who he is), look at this one. We drink milk and yogurt everyday as well as many other drinks. Many of them apply a kind of disinfection method called Pasteurization, which is widely used in our daily life. We put milk or wine under 50 to 60*C for several minutes to kill the bacteria and virus but do no harm, or the least to the the nutrition and taste. This technique is named after him, Louis Pasteur.

Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination(接种疫苗) ，something leave us bad memory, microbial fermentation (微生物发酵) and pasteurization. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthrough in the causes and preventions of diseases such as rabies(狂犬病) and anthrax(炭疽), and his discoveries have saved countless lives ever since. He is popularly known as the “father of microbiology”

Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, Jura, France, in a poor catholic family. His father was a former cavalry(骑兵) served for Napoleon, his mother a rural woman. Although extolled as the “most perfect man to enter the kingdom of science”, he was a average student in his early years and not very academic, as his interests were fishing and sketching. After one failed attempt for the Ecole Normale Superieure in 1842, he succeeded in 1844. In 1849 he married Marie Laurent, who was the daughter of the university’s rector. Together they had 5 children, but only two survived to adulthood. The other three died of typhoid. These personal tragedies were his motivations for curing infectious diseases. From 1848 to 1867, he worked as a university professor. In Paris, he established the Pasteur institute in 1887, in which he was its director for the rest of his life. He died of stroke in 1895.

Like Issac Newton’s initiating the classical mechanics, Pasteur opened up the gate of microbiology. Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation is caused by the growth of micro-organisms and the emergent growth of bacteria in nutrient broths(营养培养基) is due to biogenesis(生物起源). This experiment crushed the doctrine of spontaneous generation(生物自然发生说). Besides, Pasteur developed many vaccines to kinds of infectious diseases such as chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies and created pasteurization, for which he is best known to the public now. Moreover, in Pasteur ’s early work as a chemist, he found Molecular asymmetry(分子不对称性). This was the first time anyone had demonstrated molecular chirality and also the first explanation of

isomerism(异构现象).Some historians consider Pasteur ’s work in this area to be his “most profound and most original contributions to science”, and his “greatest scientific discovery”

I ’ve said so much and I hope you got a brief knowledge about him now though there are too much terms.

Here comes the last par. What can we learn from him?

In this page is a often-quoted remark of Pasteur:“In the field of observation, chance favors only the prepared mind” yeah, stuck to our work and stop complaining. Lady fairy is coming.

Venn

5,31,2013