扭剪型高强螺栓连接工艺标准2
1.2普通紧固件连接工程施工工艺
General Parts Construction Technology
(1) 成品进场
Refined Approach
普通螺栓、铆钉、自攻螺钉、拉铆钉、射钉、锚钉(膨胀型和化学试剂型)、地脚锚栓等坚固标准件及螺母、垫圈等等标准配件,其品种、规格、性能等符合现行国家产品标准和设计要求。
Ordinary bolts, rivets, and self-drilling screws, rivets (expansion and chemical reagents), to such strong legs stud and nut standard parts, gaskets, etc. standard accessories, variety, specifications, and other products with existing national standards and design requirements.
(2) 螺栓实物复验
Complex and bolts kind experience
普通螺栓作为永久性连接螺栓使用时,当设计有要求或对其质量有疑义时,应进行螺栓实物最小拉力载荷复验,其结果符合国家标准《坚固件机械性能、螺栓、螺钉和螺柱》(GB3098)的规定。
Ordinary bolt connecting bolts as a permanent use, when the design requirements or questions about its quality should be carried out when the smallest lag bolts kind complex load testing and the results were consistent with national standard《mechanical fasteners, bolts, screws and stud》 (GB3098).
(3) 匹配及间距
Matching and spacing
连接薄钢板采用的自攻螺钉、拉铆钉、射钉等其尺寸与被连接钢板相匹配,其间距、边距等应符合设计要求。
Thin plate connecting the self-drilling screws, rivets, such as its size and connecting plate by matching their distance, should comply with the design requirements and other fringe.
(4) 螺栓坚固
Solid bolts
永久性普通螺栓紧固应牢固、可靠,外露丝扣不应少于2扣。
Ordinary bolt should be firmly secured permanent, reliable, not less than two exposed screw deduction.
(5) 外观质量
Appearance Quality
自攻钉、钢拉铆钉、射钉等与连接钢板应紧固密贴,外观排列整齐。
Since the attack nails, rivets Steel, Steel Nailing should be secured so closely connected with stickers topology neat appearance.
1.3高强度螺栓工程施工工艺
High Strength Bolt Construction Technology
1.3.1工艺流程
Process
作业准备→选择螺栓及配套→接头组装→安装临时螺栓→安装高强度螺栓→高强度螺栓紧固→检查验收.
Ready to work →Bolts and matching options →Joint assembly →Installing temporary bolts → Installation of high strength bolts →High strength bolts fastening →Inspection and
acceptance
1.3.2螺栓长度的选择
Bolt length option
扭剪型高强螺栓的长度为螺栓头根部至螺栓梅花卡头切口处的长度. 选用螺栓的长度应为紧固连接板厚度加上一个螺母和一个垫圈的厚度, 并且紧固的要露出不少于两扣螺纹的余长, 一般按连接板厚加表5-2中的增加长度, 并取5㎜的整倍数.
Torsional shear length of the high-strength bolts bolt-head bolts Plum card to the root of the length of the first incision. The length should be chosen for the fastening bolts interconnects thickness with a thickness of the nut and a washer and fastening the show at least two of the detained more than a l0ng thread, the general increase in table 5-2 by thick interconnects increase in the length of 5 mm and take the whole multiples. 螺栓公称直径Nominal diameter bolts 增加长度(㎜)Increase the length
M16 25
M20 30
M22 35
M24 40
1.3.3接头组装
Joint assembly
连接处的钢板或型钢应平整, 板边、孔边无毛刺;接头处有翘曲、变形必须进行校正,并防止损伤摩擦面,保证摩擦面紧贴。
The link should be formed steel plate, plate edge, no burr hole; A joint warping, used to be calibrated to prevent injury and friction, the friction surface to ensure close.
配件前检查摩擦机,试件的摩擦系数是否达到设计要求,浮锈用钢丝刷除掉,油污、油漆清除干净。
Before friction machine parts inspection, the friction coefficient whether the specimen design requirements, floating steel brush to remove rust, oil, paint cleanse.
板叠接触面间应平整,当接触有间隙时,应按规定处理,见表5-3
Stack contact area should be formed, when the contact gap, should be required to handle, as shown in table 5-3
表5-3
间隙大小Gap size 处理方法Approach
1㎜以下1 mm below 不作处理Not processing
3㎜以下3 mm below 将高出的侧磨成1:10斜面打磨方面应与受力方面垂直
1:10 inclined to the higher side of the flowers into by the power and grinding should be vertical
3㎜以上3 mm below 加垫板, 垫板两面摩擦面处理方法与构件相同
Plus plate, plate friction dealt with two identical components
1.3.4安装临时螺栓
Installing temporary bolts
连接处采用临时螺栓固定, 其螺栓个数为不远接头总数的1/3以上; 并每个接头不少于两个, 冲钉穿入数量不宜多于临时螺栓的30%.组装时先用冲钉对准孔位, 在适当位置插入临时螺栓, 用扳手拧紧. 不准用高强螺栓兼作临时螺栓, 以防螺纹损伤.
Connection temporary fixed bolts, the bolts more than one third of the total number of near joints; And not less than every two joints, nail penetration -- the number should not be
more than 30% of the provisional bolts. When first assembled at the nail holes, inserted in the appropriate place temporary bolts tightened with a spanner. Not allowed to use high-strength bolts served as interim bolts to prevent thread damage.
1.3.5安装高强螺栓
Installation of high-strength bolts
安装高强螺栓应自由穿入孔内, 不得强行敲打. 扭剪型高强螺栓的垫圈安在螺母一侧, 垫圈孔有倒角的一侧应和螺母接触, 不得装反.
Installation of high-strength bolts should be free penetration hole, not forced beating. Torsional shear-nut in high-strength bolts on the side of the gasket, washer and nut should side of the hole with a range of contacts, not anti-loaded.
螺栓不能自由穿入时, 不得用气割扩孔, 要用绞刀绞孔, 修孔时需使板层紧贴, 以防铁屑进入板缝, 绞孔后要用砂轮机清除孔边毛刺, 并清除铁屑.
Bolt free invasive, not use gas cutting reaming, with cutter knife hole, the holes need to make amendments lamellar close to prevent iron into joints and hole cutter wheel machine after use to remove the burr hole, and to remove iron.
螺栓穿入方向宜一致, 穿入高强螺栓用扳手紧固后, 再卸下临时螺栓, 以高强螺栓替换. 不得在雨天安装高强螺栓, 且摩擦面应处于干燥状态.
The same direction are advised to bolt invasive, invasive high-strength bolts secured with a spanner and then unloaded temporary bolts replaced with high-strength bolts. Not covered in the installation of high-strength bolts, and the friction surface should be at the dry state.
1.3.6高强螺栓紧固
High-strength bolts fastening
必须分两次进行, 第一次为初拧. 初拧紧固到螺栓标准准轴力(即设计预拉力)的60%~80%,初拧的扭矩值不得少于终拧扭矩值的30%.第二次紧固为终拧, 终拧时扭剪型高强螺栓应将梅花卡头拧掉. 为使螺栓群中所有螺栓均匀受力, 初拧、终拧都应按一定顺序进行。
Be divided into two, for the first time early mistake. Standard screw fastening bolts early access to axial force (Pretentioned Design) 60% to 80% of the initial value of torque twist the screw end torque value of not less than 30%. Second screw fastening to the end, when the final twist torsion and shear type cards with high-strength bolts should first shake off Plum. To enable all groups bolt by bolt uniform, the early mistake, seekers have eventually made certain order.
一般接头:应从螺栓群中间顺序向外侧进行紧固。
从接头刚度大的地方向不受约束的自由端进行。
从螺栓群中心向四周扩散的方式进行。
初拧扳手应是可以控制扭矩的,初拧完毕的螺栓,应做好标记以供确认。为防止漏拧,当天安装的高强螺栓,当天应终拧完毕。
Joints : general order from the middle to outside groups for fastening bolts. Joint stiffness from the direction of unfettered freedom to carry out end. Bolt from the group around the center to the proliferation of ways. Screw torque wrench should be controlled early, early completion of the screw bolts should be well marked for confirmation.
终拧应采用专用的电动扳手,如个别作业有困难的地方,也可以采用手动扭矩扳手进行,终拧扭矩须按设计要求进行。用电动扳手时,螺栓尾部卡头拧断后即表明终拧完毕,检查外露丝扣不得少于2扣,断下来的卡头应放入工具袋内收集在一起,防止从高空坠落造成安全
事故。
To prevent leakage gesture, the same day the installation of high-strength bolts should finally shake after day. Electric wrench is used to be the final twist, if the operation is difficult, can also be used manually torque wrench, torque required to achieve this end design requirements. Electric wrench, the first bolt tail card that shows no progeny final twist after twist, the exposed screw inspection shall not be less than 2 missiles, the first cards should be placed in constantly from the tool bag collection together, to prevent accidents caused by falling from a height.
1.3.7检查验收
Inspection and acceptance
扭剪型高强螺栓应全部拧掉尾部梅花头为终拧结束, 不准遗漏.
个别不能用专用扳手操作时, 扭剪型高强螺栓应按大六角头高强螺栓扭矩法施工. 终拧结束后, 检查漏拧、欠拧宜用0.3~0.5㎏重的小锤逐个敲检, 如发现有欠拧、漏拧应补拧;超拧应更换。检查时应将螺母回退30°~50°,再拧至原位,测定终拧扭矩值,其偏差不得大于±10%,已终拧合格的做出标记。
做好高强螺栓检查记录,经整理的归入技术档案。