初中英语现在完成时用法归纳
优胜教育
现在完成时
1、用法:① 用于表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。→强调对现在造成的影响或结果,常与 “ever/never/already/yet/just”连用。如:She has gone to Shanghai. She is not here.
② 用于表示“过去开始的动作一直持续到现在”。→强调动作的持续性,常与“for/since+时间”连用。 如: 2、时态标志词:for/since+时间,just ,never ,ever ,already ,yet ,before ,so far,in the past/last few years等。
3、常考易错点:
(1)辨析have gone to,have been to与have been in :“已经去了某地(去而未归)”→去了某地还没回来,常用来回答where 开头的问句 :“曾经去过某地(去而已归)”→去过某地但已回来,常与ever/never/次数(two/many times)连用。 :“在某地待了(多长时间) ”,常与 “for/since+时间” 连用。
① He is not here. He has gone to Beijing. ② He has been to Beijing for many times.
③ He has been in Beijing for 20 years.
(3)already 与yet :肯定句用already ,否定句和问句用yet.
(4)for 与since :for+时间段 (多少分钟/小时/天/周/月/年,如:two weeks/five years等)
since+时间点 (某天/周/月/年,如:last week/2016等)
since +时间段+ago,如:since two weeks ago=for two weeks
since+从句(从句动词用过去式)
常见句式:现完+since+过去式
(5) 短暂(动词) 变延续 句中有“for+时间/how long”用现在完成时且短暂性动词需转换为have/has been格式,如:
特殊 ①. borrow/lend → have kept (保管) ②. buy → have had(拥有)
比较: ①. die → have/has been dead ④. begin/start → have/has been on ⑤. join → have/has been in 口诀:有for+时间用have/has been ②. marry → have/has been married ③. leave → have/has been away