非谓语动词
第八章:非谓语动词
中考英语语法非谓语动词
【非谓语动词命题趋势 】
根据对非谓语动词部分全国各省、市中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:
1. it作形式主语、宾语的用法
2. 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法;
3. 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用
4. 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to,但变为被动语态时就要带to;
5. 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语,但表达的意思不同。
动词不定式
动词不定式
动词不定式由―to+动词原形‖构成。其主动式有一般式、进行时、完成式和完成进行式。其被动式、进行式和完成式。如下表: 时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
动词不定式主动式的句法功能
1、动词不定式作主语
当动词不定式作主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。例如:
To say something is one thing; to do it is another.说是一回事,做是另一回事。
To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)/
It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/
It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)
当动词不定式在句子中作主语时,通常使用it作形式主语而真正主语则是不定式或不定式短语,以使句子保持平衡。例如: It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。
It is not difficult to work out the problem.弄清这个节目的情况并不困难。
It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。
It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
这样的句子中,由于表语形容词性质的不同,导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of的区别。
1)for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:例如:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2)of sb句型中的形容词一般为表示性格,品德,心智能力,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right(好与坏,对与错,聪明与笨蛋)。例如:
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
2、动词不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。例如:
My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清扫房间。
His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。
3、动词不定式作宾语
1)及物动词ask,agree,beg,care,choose,decide,expect,force,fail,hesitate,claim,hope,learn,long,manage,offer,pretend,plan,prepare,promise,refuse,want,wish等要求动词不定式作宾语。
非谓语动词的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词
【口诀】
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
【诠释】三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:petend,choose
例如:
We want to learn some body language.我们想学习一点身势语。
She has decided to go to Guangzhou tomorrow.她已经决定明天去广州。
No one can afford to buy such an expensive suit.没有人能担负起买如此昂贵的服装。
4、动词不定式作宾语补足语
有的动词后接带to的动词不定式作补语;有的动词后接不带to的动词不定式。
1)能以带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,allow, get,warn,tell,invite,force, oblige, beg, wish,want, like, hate, expect, encourage, advise, persuade,permit, request, order, cause, know, call on等。例如:
Would you like me to help you? 你要我帮忙吗?
Father will not allow us to play on the street.
2)用不带to的不定式作宾补的动词有see,hear,watch,notice,observe,listen to,look at,feel,let,have,make(让我看,让我听,让我感觉,迈克的手表怎么样)等。但是,这类句子在以下两种情况下,不定式前的to要复原:
(1) 变为被动语态时,不定式符号to仍保留。例如:
I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。
=They were made to work the whole night.
(2) 不定式为否定时:
I let him not to wait at the bus-stop since it was raining heavily at that time.
5、动词不定式与疑问词、介词的连用
(1)decide,find out, forget,know,learn,remember,wonder等动词常接―疑问词+ 动词不定式‖这个结构,用作宾语。疑问词一般是what,who(m),where,how,whether,why,which。例如:
Would you teach us how to drive a car? 你愿意教我们如何开车吗?
Let me tell you what to do now.让我来告诉你现在该做什么。
当宾语是不定式(短语)时,如果其后有宾语补足语,则须用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在补语之后,即:―主语 +谓语 + it +宾补不定式(短语)‖。常见的谓语动词有think, make, feel, find, etc.例如:
I don't think it is necessary to buy a bigger computer.我认为没有必要买那个大功能的计算机。
He found it important to study the situation in Russian.他发现研究俄国形势非常重要。
6、动词不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后,往往表示未发生的动作。例如:
I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多事要做。
There was nothing to bring home that morning. 那天早上(他回家时)两手空空。
7、动词不定式作状语
不定式通常在句子里可作目的、条件、原因和结果状语。
1) 目的状语
常用结构为to do , only to do(仅仅为了), in order to do, so as to do, so(such)… as to…(如此…以便…)。例如:
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2)作结果状语,可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果,不定式要放在句子后面。
I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。
He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间,没发现什么。
3) 表原因
I'm glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。
She wept to see the sight. 她一看到这情形就哭了。
4)表示理由和条件
He must be a fool to say so.他可定是傻子才这样说。
You will do well to speak more carefully.如果你仔细说,你会做得更好。
III.不定式的否定和省略形式
一、不定式的否定
不定式的否定通常应直接在不定式前加否定词not。注:否定词never也可构成不定式的否定形式。
Tell him not to shut the window。让他别关窗。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候,她假装没看见。
关于too......to.......表示否定的情况
表示―如此......以致不能......,‖一般表示否定。例如:
He is too young to go to school.(=He is so young that he can't go to school.)他年龄太小,不能上学。
She was too excited to say a word.(=She was so excited that she could not say a word.)他激动的连一句话也说不出来。
二、不定式的省略形式
1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外) 后。
2) 使役动词 let, have, make后,感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。
注意:被动语态中不能省去to。例如:
I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。
=They were made to work the whole night.
3) would rather,had better句型后
4) Why… / why no…句型后
5) help 后可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:
6) but和except后。but前是实义动词do时,后面出现的不定式不带to。
比较:He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药,他什么都信。
7) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去:
8) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think等词后作宾补时,可以省去to be。例如:
He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
第二节 动名词
1、 动名词作主语
1)动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别。一般地说,动名词表示抽象的、一般的行为,尤其是强调多次性的动作;不定式表示具体的、某一次的动作,特别是将来的动作。例如:
Checking information is very important.核实情况是非常重要的。
Learning a foreign language is very useful to me.学习一门外语,来说是非常重要的。
2、动名词作宾语
1) 有些动词只能用动名词作直接宾语,不 能用不定式作直接宾语。如:admit, advise, avoid, consider,delay,finish, mind, miss, permit, practise, enjoy, resist,risk, appreciate, imagine,
接动名词作宾语的动词
【口诀】
Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. (P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)
【诠释】 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作
宾语。这些动词分别是:
M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,
a=admit,c=can’t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,
a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up。
例如:
He finished reading the book yesterday.他昨天看完这本书。
Have you considered looking for one special friend?你是否考虑过找一位特别亲密的朋友呢?
2)动名词作介词宾语的用法。
be used to, prevent......from, depend on,feel like, be fond of, be proud of, put off, give up, devote oneself to ,help yourself to, be busy in,be afraid of, apologize for 等。例如:
I don't feel like walking very much today.今天我不想走太多的路。
The Great Green will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.绿色长城将阻止风刮走土。
注意: 动名词前的介词有时可以省略。如: have difficulty (in) doing ; have no trouble (in) doing; lose no time (in) doing; prevent/stop......(from) doing; there is no use (in) doing等。例如:
I have some difficult in pronouncing some of the words in English.我发某些英语单词的音有一些困难。
The heavy rain kept them from going out.大雨阻止了他们外出。
We must stop them (from) making the same mistake again.我们必须防止犯同样的错误。
3)有些动词即可用动名词作直接宾语,也可以用不定式作直接宾语,两者有着截然不同的意义。
(1)like,love,prefer,hate......等表示喜爱、厌恶、偏好的情感动词,后跟不定式表示―仅一时的爱憎情感或指特定或具体某次行为‖;后跟动名词表示―抽象性的一种倾向、爱好或习惯性的动作‖例如:
I don't like to read this novel.我不喜欢看这本小说。
I don't like reading in bed.我不喜欢在床上看书。
I prefer to work rather than sit idle.我情愿工作而不愿闲坐着。
注意:这几个词前面有would, should 时,后面都只跟不定式。例如:
Would you like to dine out? 你愿意在外面吃顿饭吗?
(2)动词remember,forget,stop,go on,try,regret,can't help等既能以动词不定式又能以动名词作宾语,但表达的意思却不同。与动词不定式连用时,表示未完成的动作。例如:
remember 后用动名词表示 ―记起过去做过的一件事‖;后用动词不定式表示―记住要去做某一件事情‖。例如:
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
forget 后用动词不定式表示.―忘记要去做某件事情‖;后用动名词表示―忘记过去做过的一件事情‖。例如:
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)
stop 后用动词不定式表示 ―停下来做另一件事情‖(停下来的目的);后用动名词表示―停止正在做的事情‖。例如:
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来,抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。
go on doing sth 表示―继续不停地做某事‖或―一件事没有做完,停顿后继续做下去;与原来所做的事相同。‖例如:
After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后,他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习
try 用动词不定式表示―设法去做某件事情‖;后用动名词表示―试一试某种办法‖。例如:
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。
mean后用动词不定式表示―打算、想要做某事‖;后用动名词表示―意味着、意思是‖。例如:
I meant to tell you yesterday,but you were not in your office.我打算昨天告诉你,但是你不在办公室。
Missing the train means waiting for an hour错过这趟火车就意味着还要等一个小时。
can't help 后用动词不定式表示―不能帮助做......‖。后用动名词表示―禁不住....;不得不‖。例如:
He couldn't help finishing it.他不得不把这件事完成。
We couldn't help to finish it. 我们不能帮助完成这件事。
be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢,胆怯去做某事,是主观上的原因不去做,意为"怕",be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的,意为"生怕,恐怕"。例如:
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
learn后跟不定式表示―学会了做某事‖或―学着做某事‖;跟动名词表示―学过做某事‖,但不一定会了。例如:
He has learned to type.他学会了打字。(指会使用打字机)
He has learned typing. 他学过打字。(他不一定会使用打字机)
4)动词need, want, require,以及 be worth之后动名词的主动语态含有被动的意思,相当于不定式的被动语态。例如:
His clothes need mending(to be mended).他的衣服需要缝补。
Our teacher said that the way of study needed improving.老师说我们的这种学习方法需要改进。
These babies will require taking good care of.这些婴儿需要细心照料。
His talk is well worth listening to.他的报告很值得一听。
3、动名词的否定形式的表达方式
动名词否定结构由―not+动名词‖构成。
I regret not having worked(not working) hard at school.我后悔过去上学时学习不努力。
It is no use buying books but not reading them.买了书却不读是没有什么用处的。
第三节 分 词
分词是非谓语动词中的一种形式,是英语教学过程中的重点、难点,也是历届高考考查语法点之一。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它在句子里可作表语、宾语补足语定语和状语。但要注意分词具有主动和进行的意味而过去分词却具有被动和完成的意味。
一、分词在句中的功能
1、分词作表语
现在分词作表语,多表示主语所具有的特征或性质,意为―令人怎样.......‖,含主动意味。如:astonishing,disappointing,exciting,amusing,frightening,interesting,surprising,relaxing,shocking,tiring,worrying,puzzle;ing,moving;过去分词作表语多表示主语的状态,意为―对什么感受怎样‖,有被动意味。如:astonished,disappointed,excited,amused,frightened,interested,surprised,relaxed,shocked,tired,worried,puzzled,moved。例如:
Our trip was disappointing.我们的这次旅行让人失望。
We was disappointed at our trip.我们对这次旅行感到失望。
This story is interesting.这个故事有趣。
I am interested in this story.我对这故事感兴趣。
2、分词作宾语补足语
分词作宾语补足语时,也要注意主动与被动的关系这种关系主要体现在宾补与宾语之间的主动与被动的关系。
He's going to have his hair cut.他将要去理发。
I must get my bike repaired.我得去修理我的自行车。
动词have,let,make等也可带用过去分词表示的宾语补足语,在这种结构中主语通常不是分词所表示的动作的发出者。能带分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:see,feel,watch,make, let,have等。例如:
You often see musicians performing in the streets.你经常看到音乐家在街上演奏。
We watched three old men sharing their food with each other.我们观看三个老人相互分享他们的食物。
3、分词作定语
不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行,过去分词强调完成;及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动,
过去分词强调被动。分词的完成式一般不作定语。分词作其他成分时,也是如此。分词作定语,单个的分词作定
语一般前置;分词词组,个别分词如given, left等,修饰不定代词等的分词,作定语需后置。例如:
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
分词作定语相当于定语从句,如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. = Most of the people who were invited to the party were famous scientists.
分词: 包含现在分词和过去分词。(高中学习重点)
① 主要区别:现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思;过去分词有被动或动作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。
② 分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。
[A] 作定语:分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如:
I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕)
The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly ,―Stop the thief!‖(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊:捉小偷!)
Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人)
He only gave me a broken glass, so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气)
[B] 现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语)
谓语动词(vt.) 宾语 宾语补足语
keep(保持) / see(看到) /
hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到) sb./sth. (do)ing
如:
Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作)
When I entered the room, I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)
In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动)
[C] 现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。如:
She came into the classroom, holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸)/ I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试)
[D] 过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,―主系表‖主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有:be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / become frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。例略。
[E] 过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如:
I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意:have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆)
真题挑战
2011年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总
非谓语动词
【2011•黑龙江龙东五市】1.—Would you like ______ a movie with us tonight?
—Sorry, I have to help my mother do some chores.
A. see B. to see C. seeing
【2011•黑龙江龙东五市】2.—Which movies do you prefer, comedies or action movies?
—I ______ watch action movies ______ see comedies.
A. would rather; than B. like; better C. prefer; to
【2011•湖南张家界】3. I don’t know how _____________ there. I need to look at a map.
A. to get B. get C. getting
【2011•上海】4. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others _________ for a long time.
A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting
【2011天津】5. Tom’s mother told him_____ eating too much meat.
A. stopping B. to stop C. stops D. stopped
【2011河北】6. Whenever you have a chance English, you should take it.
A. speak B. to speak C. spoke D. speaks
【2011•河南】7. —Why are you so excited?
—Peter invited me____ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.
A. to go B. go C. going D. went
【2011•宁夏】8. Tom's mother is busy _____ breakfast for Tom.
A. cook B. to cook C. cooks D. cooking
【2011山西】9. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed _____ after drinking, or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive
【2011江西】10. How kind you are! You always do what you can_________ me.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps
【2011•广州】11. May I have a rest? I have already finished ______ the report.
A. write B. writing C. to write D. written
【2011山东】12. If you see the cartoon film, it will make you ______.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
【2011.云南昆明】13.The reporter didn’t go to bed until he finished ____ the article.
A. writing B. write C. to write D. wrote
【2011.辽宁淄博】14. —Will you please _______ the flowers? —Sorry. I won’t.
A. pick B. don’t pick C. not to pick D. not pick
【2011.海南三亚】15.Tom often makes his brother __but yesterday he was made_ by his brother.
A. cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry D. to cry; to cry
【2011广西桂林】16. Mr Wang does what he can ________ us improve our English.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
【2011黑龙江绥化市】17. The book is well worth I plan______one.
A. read, to buy B. reading, buying C. reading, to buy
【2011江苏徐州】18. What bad weather it was! We decided _______.
A. to go out B. not to go out C. to not go out D. not going out
【2011哈尔滨】19. Take time lo relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone. Relaxing allows you to your students with more energy. A. return B. to return C. returning
【2011四川达州】20. When people want to relax themselves, they prefer TV or listen to music rather than newspapers. A. watching; read B. watching; to read
C. to watch; read D. to watch; reading
【2011•四川广元】21.Since you are tired, you’d better___and have a good rest.
A. stop to study B. stop study C. stop studying
【2011•四川南充】22. Class is beginning. Please stop_ .
A. talking B. to talk C. talk
【2011四川宜宾】23. It is very important for us ________ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
【2011四川资阳】24. Boys and girls, attention, please. Now let me tell you____to the Bird Island.
A. how to get B. what to get C. whom to get D. where to get
【2011乌鲁木齐】25. Water Park is a good place ____________ .
A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun
【2011•广西柳州】26. My mother asked me _____ the room.
A. clean B. cleans C. to clean
【2011四川雅安】27. Kitty would rather ______ to the park than watch TV.
A. to go B. go C. going D. goes
【2011广西梧州】28. Bruce often asks me ______ him to play the guitar.
A. teach B. to teach C. taught D. teaches
【2011广东深圳】29. — The doctor told me____ too much but I find it difficult.
— The doctor is right. The less you drink, ______ you will be.
A. don't drink; the healthier B. not to drink; the healthier
C. not to drink; the more healthier D. don't drink; healthier
【2011贵州贵阳】30. It is our duty ______our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.
A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping
【2011贵州贵阳】31. "For your coming vacation, why _____ corning to Guiyang?" "Good idea!"
A. not consider B. don't consider C. to consider
【2011贵州贵阳】32. Many students said that they were willing to work hard to make their dreams _______ true.
A. come B. came C. comes
【2011湖南岳阳】33.Would you mind me how English words?
A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember C. telling; to remember
【2011四川雅安】34. Please tell the students ________ too much noise in class.
A. to make B. to take C. not to take D. not to make
【2011大庆】35. The thief was noticed _____the office building by the back door on the screen.
A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into
【2011四川凉山】36.My parents often ask me ________ too much time ______ computer games.
A. not to spend; playing B. not to spend; to play C. to not spend; play
【2011广西崇左】37. Mom! Would you mind me _____table tennis ?
A. play B. played C. to play D. playing
【2011广西贵港】38. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _____ volleyball.
A. play B. playing C. played D. to play
【2011广西贺州】39. Parents often ask us _____ water in our life.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. saves
【2011湖南郴州】40. The old men are playing chess. Would you mind ________________.
A. turning down B. turn down C. turns down
【2011湖南郴州】41. —What could I get my father for Father's Day?
—___________getting him a tie?
A. Why not B. How about C. Why don't you
【2011广东河源】42.Remember ________ the book to the library when you finish _______ it.
A. to return; to read B. returning; reading
C. to return; reading C. returning; to read
【2011江苏泰州】43. At present, many people would rather _________ in the country because there is _____ pollution in the city.
A. live, more B. to live, less C. live, less D. to live, more
【2011重庆江津】44.Teachers always tell me computer games too much.
A. not to play B. to play C. not play D. plays
【2011重庆江津】45.She used to in the morning, but now she is used to at night.
A. read, read B. read, reading C. reading, read D. reading, reading
【2011山东泰安】46. —I feel tired and sleepy.
—Why not stop ______ for a while?
A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested
【2011·福建福州】47. — Don’t forget _____ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. — Thanks. I won’t.
A. bring B. to bring C. bringing
【2011浙江杭州】48. Nick, would you mind ______ those old jeans? They look terrible.
A. not to wear B. not wear C. wearing not D. not wearing
【2011山东潍坊】49. The new treatments _____by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.
A. invent B. invents C, inventing D. invented
【2011湖南邵阳】50. I spent a lot of time ______ English last weekend.
A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking
【2011四川广安】51.- What do you usually do at weekends?
-I often practice ____English.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking
【2011•甘肃兰州】52. One of the difficulties we have English is how to remember new words and expressions.
A. to learn B. in learning C. learn D. learned
【2011•甘肃兰州】53. We can't work out the physics problem. Can you tell us ?
A. how to do B. what to do it C. how to do it D. what should to do
【2011山东临沂】54. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _________ it.
A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop
【2011山东威海】55.What time do you expect her________?
A. arrive B. is arriving C. arriving D. to arrive
【2011山东威海】56.This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George?
A. what to work out B. to work it out
C. how to work it out D. how to work out it
【2011四川内江】57. Teachers often tell us _____ in the river after school.
A. don't swim B. not swim C. not to swim
【2011•湖南株洲】58. Tony wants _______a job as a language teacher in China.
A. to find B. finding C. find
【2011 山东烟台】59.When I was walking past the window, I noticed Wang Fei________ my homework. I really got _______.
A. copying, annoyed B. copying, annoying
C. copy, annoyed D. copied, annoyed
【2011•江苏扬州】60. We can make a fire ______ the room warm so that we can chat for a while.
A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept
【2011湖南怀化】61. —Don’t forget ______ your homework. John.
—Ok. I'll do it right now.
A. doing B. do C. to do
【2011湖北黄冈】62. — _______ a volunteer is great.
— I think so. Some of us want _______volunteers for the London Olympics.
A. Being; being B. To be; being
C. Being; to be D. To be; to be
【2011江苏淮安】63.I spend much more time playing basketball than I _______ for my lessons.
A. spend to prepare B. do preparing
C. do to prepare D. spend prepare
(2011 湖南衡阳) 64.—Please tell the boys any noise. My baby is sleeping.
—OK. I’ll do it at once.
A. not make B. to make C. not to make
【2011广东肇庆】65. The assistant won’t let you ______ the cinema if you haven’t a ticket.
A. enter B. to enter C. entering
【2011四川德阳】66 The final exam is coming. Our teachers tell us _____ time.
A. not to waste B. not waste C. don’t waste
【2011•江苏无锡】67. Jane’s mother preferred ________ TV at home to ______ to the concert.
A. to watch; go B. watching; going
C. watching; go D. to watch; going
【2011湖南长沙】68. ---What about________ a rest?
---OK. Let’s go out and have a walk.
A. to take B. takes C. taking
【2011浙江绍兴】69. — Do you know why he left so early?
—_______for the English test, I guess.
A. To study B. Study C. Studied D. Studying
【2011新疆阜康】70. We should be more careful much time on computer games.
A. not to spend B. to not spend C. not to cost D. not take to
【2011四川绵阳】71.Our English teacher encourages us _____ part in all kinds of after-class activities.
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking
【2011•四川成都】72. While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped and lay on the ground, so we all stopped what was wrong with him.
A. to run; to see B. running; seeing C. running; to see
【2011安徽芜湖】73. —I often have hamburgers for lunch.
— You’d better. It’s bad for you ______ too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
【2011•江苏盐城】74. I saw Li Ming near the river on my way home.
A. plays B. playing C. to play D. played
【2011•江苏盐城】75. Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time what you like every day.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
【2011广西玉林】76. —Would you mind _______ your bike?
— Sorry. I' 11 do it right away.
A. to move B. to make C. moving D. making
【2011广西玉林】77. I'm not good at English. I think it's not easy ______ foreign language well.
A. learn B. to learn c. learned D. learning
【2011北京】78. — Excuse me, could you tell me how____ to Beijing Zoo?
— Well, you may take Bus No. 27.
A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get
【2011内蒙古包头】79. He told us that where _________ a picnic was not decided yet.
A. having B. to have C. have D. had
【2011海南三亚】80. What way can you think of ______ the mice in the room?
A. how to kill B. to kill C. killing D. killed
【2011广西百色】81.—Miss Gao, I am feeling bored. Would you mind my ________ here?
—You had better not, for smoking is forbidden in public now.
A. smokes B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoke
【2011四川乐山】82. –We can use this special pen to record or take pictures.
–Really? Will you please show me _______ it?
A. how to use B. what to use C. why to use
【2011江苏淮安】83. Why not ________ an English club to practice _________ English?
A. join; speaking B. to join; speaking C. join; to speak D. to join; to speak
【2011•山东青岛】84. — I often chat with my friends on the Internet.
— You are so smart! Will you please tell me____?
A. how to do B. how to do it C. how to use D. when can I use it
【2011 山东烟台】85.--How does Jack usually go to school?
--He _____ ride a bike, but now he_________ there to lose weight.
A. used to, is used to walk B. was used to, is used to walking
C. was used to, is used to walk D. used to, is used to walking
【2011广东清远】86. It’s impolite _____ others.
A. laughs at B. to laugh at C. laugh at D. laughing at
【2011广东】87. Try to sing some English songs, you’ll find it interesting ___ a foreign language.
A. learning B. learns C. learn D. to learn
【2011•四川成都】88. —I like this set of sofa so much, but I don't know it in my small house.
—You're supposed to put it in the living room.
A. where to put B. why to put C. how to put
【2011新疆阜康】89. —What happened to the thief later?
—The king had him ______ the next day.
A. hung B. hanged C. hang D. hanging
【2011湖北黄石】90. —Would you like _______ or shall we go by bus?
— I prefer _______,but we have to take a taxi, for time is short.
A. walking; to walk B. to walk; walking
C. walk; to walk D. walk; walk
【2011黑龙江绥化市】91. Each of us is looking forward ______a good result. Let's do it more carefully.
A. to get B. for getting C. to getting
【2011四川德阳】92. When I was a child, my grandmother _____ me interesting stories.
A. used to tell B. is used to telling C. uses to tell
【2011 湖南衡阳 】93. Tony used to to school, but he is used to to school now.
A. walk; taking a bus B. walked; took a bus C. walk; take a bus
【2011 湖南衡阳 】94.—Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother?
—Yes, it’s well worth .It’s moving that I’ve seen it twice.
A. seeing; too B. seeing; so C. to see; enough
2012年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总
非谓语动词
【2012贵州贵阳】44. It took Janet three hours _______ reading this interesting story.
A. to finish B. finished C. finishing
【2012广东】44. It took me two weeks _______ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. Finishing
【2012贵州安顺】26.When I went into the room,I found _____ in bed.
A.him lying B.he lying C.he lies D.him was lying
【2012湖北咸宁】32. Drivers shouldn't be allowed _______ after drinking, or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to be driven
【2012江苏宿迁】14. —Which do you prefer, Chinese food or Western food?
— I would rather _______ Chinese food. Let’s have noodles.
A. to have B. having C. had D. have
【2012 内蒙古包头】31. _______ energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower.
A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save
37._______a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.
A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write
39.______your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.
A. Cut down B. Look down C. Turn down D. Put down
【2011河南】34. ______ out your love. The world will become a nicer place to live in.
A. Speak B. To speak C. Spoke D. Speaking
【2012.山东菏泽】14. Welcome to our school, ladies and gentlemen. ______, I’d like to introduce myself.
A. To be honest B. To my surprise C. To start with D. To tell you the truth
【2012山东聊城】31. ________ English well, one must have a lot of practice.
A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak
B
【2012山东泰安】35. —I’m leaving now.
—______you turn off the lights and the computer.
A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure
【2012绵阳市】16. ________ this rock music, please. I’m afraid some people can’t stand the noise!
A. Stopping B. Stop C. Stops D. Stopped
【2012年广东省】44. It took me two weeks ____ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing
【2012贵州黔东南州】30. We believe we can _______ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.
A. catch up with B. come up with C. put off D. set off