大学英语专业[翻译基础]试卷
III. Improve the following translations. (10%, 1 points for each correct answer)
1. What is identifiably unique about the human species is its achievement, or history, in fact. （整与零）
译文一：人类可以确认的独特之处在于它的成就，实际上也就是它的历史。 译文二: 可以确认的是，人类的独特之处在于它的成就，实际上也就是它的历史。
2. Electricity can pass through the carbon grains more easily when they are pressed together than when they are spread apart.
译文一：当电流在碳粒聚集时比碳粒分开时更容易通过。
译文二: 碳粒聚集时，电流在碳粒中的传导比碳粒分开始更容易。
3. The rocketing price of housing has tremendously dampened the enthusiasm of potential house buyer.
译文一：住房猛涨的价格大大挫伤了潜在购房者的积极性。（整与零） 译文二: 住房价格猛涨，大大挫伤了潜在购房者的积极性。
4. It is important that everyone does his duty.
译文一：每个人尽自己的责任是很重要的。（整与零）
译文二: 每个人各司其职，这一点很重要。
5. His pursuit of science withdraws interest from external things.
译文一：他对科学的追求使他对外界事物不感兴趣。（整与零）
译文二: 他一心追求科学，对外界事物根本不感兴趣。
6. 我一看到他就生气。
译文一：Whenever I saw him，I became very angry. （物称与人称）
译文二: The very sight of him makes me angry.
7. 我们的民族是一个伟大民族。（重复与省略）
译文一：Our nation is a great nation.
译文二:
8. 她衣着素净，与她的年龄、提醒都很相配。（物称与人称/零与整） 译文一：She wears simple clothing and it suits her age and figure very well. 译文二: Her simple clothing suited her age and figure.
9. 生米煮成了熟饭。(增词)
译文一：The rice is already cooked.
译文二:
10. 慢走！(文化因素)
译文一：Walk slowly.
译文二:
IV . Translate the following sentences. (20%, 2 points for each correct answers)
1. 应对该细胞结构进一步研究。（被动与语主动）
Farther investigation should be made on this cellular structure.
2. 您有何高见？（文化因素）
3. 我打电话给她，建议同她一起出去吃晚饭并在饭后看电影，她既惊讶又怀疑，问我：“出什么事了？（注意信息中心的处理和断句）
4. 你不愿落后，他也不愿落后。（重复与替代）
5. 他可是非常勇敢的。（正反译法）
Coward
6. Science is a servant of mankind. (转换词性)
科学造福人类
7. A thorough study of electricity in the atmosphere was not possible until the development of radio and radar. (正反译法)
直到研发出了无线电和雷达，人们才得以对大气中的电进行全面研究。
8. Cheerfulness and diligence are nine-tenths of practical wisdom. They are the life and soul of success, as well as of happiness. (替代/省略与重复)
9. The word “gift” has got dangerously devalued lately. （搭配的词转小句）
10. She published her first collection of short stories in 1963, two years after she had received her master’s degree from the University of Wisconsin and became an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. (注意时间顺序)
V . Translate the following passages. (60%, 30 points for each part)
A. From English into Chinese.
A Chinese script of one form or another has been in existence for over 5000 years. Although it has continued to develop, the basic form of the writing was already established by 200 A. D. This makes it not only a very interesting aspect of Chinese life, but also one of mankind’s greatest early achievements.
The origins of Chinese script are shrouded （隐含）in mystery, and various legends exist to explain its creation. One such legend tells how Cang Jie 仓颉, a minister of the Emperor Huang Di, observed the footprints of birds and animals. He noticed how each one was distinct and recognizable. Inspired by this, Cang Jie drew pictures of objects, simplifying them by reducing the number of lines. These were the first pictographs, called xiang xing by the Han Dynasty lexicographer Xu Shen许慎. Certain items could be represented very well by pictographs, for example, animals, plants, parts of the body, etc. As the development of a particular character is traced, we can see that, over time, it tends to lose some of its resemblance to the original.
Answer to Paper B
III. Improve the following translations. (10%, 1 points for each correct answer)
1. 可以确认的是，人类的独特之处在于它的成就，实际上也就是它的历史。
2. 碳粒聚集时，电流在碳粒中的传导比碳粒分开始更容易。
3. 住房价格猛涨，大大挫伤了潜在购房者的积极性。
4. 每个人各司其职，这一点很重要。
5. 他一心追求科学，对外界事物根本不感兴趣。
6. The very sight of him makes me angry.
7. Ours is a great nation.
8. Her simple clothing suited her age and figure.
9. The rice is cooked and it can’t be uncooked.
10. Good-bye. / Good luck.
IV . Translate the following sentences. (20%, 2 points for each correct answers)
1. Farther investigation should be made on this cellular structure.
2. What’s your opinion? / We’d like to have your opinion.
3. She was surprised and suspicious when I called her and suggested that the two of us go out to dinner and a movie. “What ’s wrong?” she asked. 4.
4. You don’t want to lag behind, neither does he.
5. He is no coward.
6. 科学造福人类。
7. 直到研发出了无线电和雷达，人们才得以对大气中的电进行全面研究。
8. 人的智慧十分之九是愉快和勤奋，这两者不仅是幸福的关键，也是成功的关键。
9. 近来，“礼物”一词贬值了，这种情况很危险。
10. 她在威斯康星大学获得了硕士学位，成为底特律大学的英语讲师，两年后的1963年，出版了第一部短篇小说集。
V . Translate the following passages. (60%, 30 points for each part)
B. From English into Chinese.
中国的汉字至今已有5000多年的历史。尽管汉字不断地发展演变，但基础的汉字书写形式在公元200年前就形成了。它不仅生动地反映出中国人生活的一个侧面，同时也标志着人类早期文明的伟大成就。
汉字的起源带有一定的神秘色彩，有各式各样的传说解释它的产生。其中的一个传说讲述了皇帝手下的一名叫仓颉的史官如何观察飞禽走兽的足迹。当他注意到每个动物的足迹都不同，而且具有可分辨性时，受到了启发，于是他把每个动物画成画，并简化了线条的数量。这就是最早出现的、汉朝语言学家许慎所说的象形字。
象形字可以很好地表现一个事物，例如动物、植物、身体的各个部位等。随着汉字的发展，我们不难看出，现在的汉子已失去了它所反映的事物的原本面目。
C. From Chinese into English
Backwardness must be perceived before it can be changed. One must learn from the advanced before he can overtake them. Of course, to raise China’s scientific and technological level we must rely on our own efforts, develop our own creativity, and adhere to the policy of independence and self-reliance. But independence does not mean closing the country to international intercourse, nor does self-reliance mean blind opposition to everything foreign. Science and technology are a kind of wealth in common created by all mankind. Every nation or country must learn from the strong points of other nations and countries, from their advanced science and technology. It is not just today, when we are scientifically backward, that we need to learn from other countries. Even when we have caught up with the advanced world levels in science and technology, we shall still have to learn from the strong points of the others.