各种时态的被动形式

被动语态

英语中及物动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。

一、被动语态的用法：

1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

I am asked to study hard.

2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

A new shop was built last year.

4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

A new hospital will be built in our city.

5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

Young trees must be watered often.

Your mistakes should be corrected right now.

6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词

My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

Trees are being planted over there by them.

7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词

There are two books to be read. →

There are twenty more trees to be planted.

三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：

1.不及物动词无被动语态。The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This pen writes well. This new book sells well.

3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something

see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh him. →He can’t be laugh by us.

He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.

The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.

[各种时态的被动形式]

(1) 一般现在时： am, is, are + done

(2) 一般过去时： was, were + done

(3) 情态动词： can/could/may/must/should be + done

(4) 一般将来时： will be/be going to be + done

(5) 进行时： am, is, are, was, were being + done

(6) 完成时： have/has been + done

1. She __________(tell) the good news as soon as it arrived..

3. The book __________(write) by the young girl.

8. A new building ___________(build) at our school now.

9. An earthquake ___________(take place) when people ____________(sleep) at midnight. 同义转换

1. He sent an e-mail to me last week. An e-mail ________ ________ _______ me last week.

2. You should water the flowers every day. The flowers _______ _______ ______ every day.

3. My parents gave me ten minutes to make a decision.

_________ ________ _________ ten minutes to make a decision.

4. Someone saw her go upstairs last night. She _______ _______ _____ go upstairs last night.

5. You must put away your books. Your books ________ ________ _______ away.

6. Father will buy me a new computer if I get better grades.

A new computer ________ ________ ________ ________ me if I get better grades.

8. She is taking care of the sick people.

The sick people ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ by her.

9. Do you know the boy whose name is Jack?

Do you know the boy _________ ________ _________ Jack/_________ Jack?

10. The box left on the train has been reported.

The TV Station ________ _______ the box ________ ________ ________ on t