用Android搭建客户端手机和服务器交互开发实例

本文介绍了如何使用Android搭建客户端，实现手机和服务器的交互。让我们了解如何采用SSH框架，把服务器端的信息用JSON的形式发送到手机端。

AD：

笔者以前是学的Java EE，由于项目需要要开发Android，所以临时补了一个多星期，主要是手机端和服务器端交互，双向开发的。

首先在服务器端，我采用的是SSH框架，struts 2集合了JSON插件，服务器和客户端的信息交互采用的JSON来传输，由于在服务器端用了Struts 2，所以我就用装了一个JSON插件。这样，很轻易的就把服务器端的信息用JSON的形式发送到了手机端。以下是代码：

首先，在服务器端搭建好SSH框架，具体细节就不在陈述。struts.xml配置如下： 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

手机端的代码如下：

首先，手机端有一个缓存类，主要用于缓存一些手机端需要访问的数据，这样的好处是可以达达节省手机和服务器的交互，用单例实现的：

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. packagecom.jclick.cache; importcom.jclick.bean.User; publicclassCache{ privateUserUser; privateCache(){

10.

11. }

12. /**构造单例*/

13. privatestaticclassCacheHolder{

14. privatestaticfinalCacheINSTANCE=newCache();

15. }

16. publicCachegetInstance(){

17. returnCacheHolder.INSTANCE;

18. }

19. publicUsergetUser(){

20. returnUser;

21. }

22. publicvoidsetUser(UserUser){

23. this.User=User;

24. }

25.

26. }

27.

28. packagecom.jclick.cache;

29.

30. importcom.jclick.bean.User;

31.

32. publicclassCache{

33.

34. privateUserUser;

35.

36. privateCache(){

37.

38. }

39. /**构造单例*/

40. privatestaticclassCacheHolder{

41. privatestaticfinalCacheINSTANCE=newCache();

42. }

43. publicCachegetInstance(){

44. returnCacheHolder.INSTANCE;

45. }

46. publicUsergetUser(){

47. returnUser;

48. }

49. publicvoidsetUser(UserUser){

50. this.User=User;

51. }

52.

53. }

接着开始书写手机端的协议，用户向服务器发送请求，同时服务器反馈给手机端信息的： 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. packagecom.jclick.protocol; importjava.io.BufferedReader; importjava.io.InputStreamReader; importjava.util.ArrayList; importjava.util.List; importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse; importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;

10. importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

11. importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

12. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

13. importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

14. importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

15. importorg.json.JSONException;

16. importorg.json.JSONObject;

17.

18. publicclassBaseProtocol{

19. privateStringBuildersb=newStringBuilder();

20.

21. privateHttpClienthttpClient;

22. privateHttpPosthttpRequest;

23. privateHttpResponseresponse;

24.

25. privateListnameValuePair=newArrayList(

);

26.

27. BaseProtocol(){

28. httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();

29. }

30.

31. /**

32. *向服务器端发送请求

33. *

34. *@paramurl

35. *@throwsException

36. */

37. protectedvoidpack(Stringurl)throwsException{

38. httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();

39. httpRequest=newHttpPost(url);

40.

41. httpRequest.setEntity(newUrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePair));

42. response=httpClient.execute(httpRequest);

43. }

44.

45. /**

46. *得到返回数据

47. *

48. *@paramurl

49. *@return

50. *@throwsException

51. */

52. protectedvoidparse()throwsException{

53. //TODO状态处理500200

54. if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){

55.

56. BufferedReaderbufferedReader2=newBufferedReader(

57. newInputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));

58. for(Strings=bufferedReader2.readLine();s!=null;s=bufferedReader2

59. .readLine()){

60. sb.append(s);

61. }

62. }

63. }

64.

65. /**

66. *向服务器发送信息

67. *

68. *@paramkey

69. *@paramvalue

70. */

71. publicvoidaddNameValuePair(Stringkey,Stringvalue){

72. nameValuePair.add(newBasicNameValuePair(key,value));

73. }

74.

75. /**

76. *返回JSONObject对象数据模型

77. *

78. *@return

79. *@throwsJSONException

80. */

81. publicJSONObjectgetJSON()throwsJSONException{

82. returnnewJSONObject(sb.toString());

83. }

84.

85. }

86.

87. packagecom.jclick.protocol;

88.

89. importjava.io.BufferedReader;

90. importjava.io.InputStreamReader;

91. importjava.util.ArrayList;

92. importjava.util.List;

93.

94. importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;

95. importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;

96. importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

97. importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

98. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

99. importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

100. importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

101. importorg.json.JSONException;

102. importorg.json.JSONObject;

103.

104. publicclassBaseProtocol{

105. privateStringBuildersb=newStringBuilder();

106.

107. privateHttpClienthttpClient;

108. privateHttpPosthttpRequest;

109. privateHttpResponseresponse;

110.

111. privateListnameValuePair=newArrayList

ir>();

112.

113. BaseProtocol(){

114. httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();

115. }

116.

117. /**

118. *向服务器端发送请求

119. *

120. *@paramurl

121. *@throwsException

122. */

123. protectedvoidpack(Stringurl)throwsException{

124. httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();

125. httpRequest=newHttpPost(url);

126.

127. httpRequest.setEntity(newUrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePair)

);

128. response=httpClient.execute(httpRequest);

129. }

130.

131. /**

132. *得到返回数据

133. *

134. *@paramurl

135. *@return

136. *@throwsException

137. */

138. protectedvoidparse()throwsException{

139. //TODO状态处理500200

140. if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){ 141.

142. BufferedReaderbufferedReader2=newBufferedReader(

143. newInputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getCon

tent()));

144. for(Strings=bufferedReader2.readLine();s!=null;s=buffere

dReader2

145. .readLine()){

146. sb.append(s);

147. }

148. }

149. }

150.

151. /**

152. *向服务器发送信息

153. *

154. *@paramkey

155. *@paramvalue

156. */

157. publicvoidaddNameValuePair(Stringkey,Stringvalue){

158. nameValuePair.add(newBasicNameValuePair(key,value)); 159. }

160.

161. /**

162. *返回JSONObject对象数据模型

163. *

164. *@return

165. *@throwsJSONException

166. */

167. publicJSONObjectgetJSON()throwsJSONException{

168. returnnewJSONObject(sb.toString());

169. }

170.

171. }

接着是登陆协议，在这里我只是模拟登陆使用的一个类，仅供大家参考：

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. packagecom.jclick.protocol; importorg.json.JSONObject; importcom.jclick.bean.User; publicclassLoginProtocolextendsBaseProtocol{ privatefinalstaticStringURL=

11. publicbooleancheckLogin(Userusr){

12. try{

13. pack(URL);

14. parse();

15. JSONObjectobj=this.getJSON();

16. if(obj.getString(

17. returnfalse;

18. }else{

19. returntrue;

20. }

21. }catch(Exceptione){

22. e.printStackTrace();

23. returnfalse;

24. }

25. }

26.

27. }

28.

29. packagecom.jclick.protocol;

30.

31. importorg.json.JSONObject;

32.

33. importcom.jclick.bean.User;

34.

35. publicclassLoginProtocolextendsBaseProtocol{

36.

37. privatefinalstaticStringURL=

38.

39. publicbooleancheckLogin(Userusr){

40. try{

41. pack(URL);

42. parse();

43. JSONObjectobj=this.getJSON();

44. if(obj.getString(

45. returnfalse;

46. }else{

47. returntrue;

48. }

49. }catch(Exceptione){

50. e.printStackTrace();

51. returnfalse;

52. }

53. }

54.

55. }

然后是User实体类，主要用于保存用户信息：

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. packagecom.jclick.bean; publicclassUser{ privateStringusername; privateStringpassword; publicStringgetUsername(){ returnusername; } publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){

10. this.username=username;

11. }

12. publicStringgetPassword(){

13. returnpassword;

14. }

15. publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){

16. this.password=password;

17. }

18.

19. }

20.

21. packagecom.jclick.bean;

22.

23. publicclassUser{

24. privateStringusername;

25. privateStringpassword;

26. publicStringgetUsername(){

27. returnusername;

28. }

29. publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){

30. this.username=username;

31. }

32. publicStringgetPassword(){

33. returnpassword;

34. }

35. publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){

36. this.password=password;

37. }

38.

39. }

最后就是LoginActivity里边判断登陆的代码了，详细代码不再贴出来了，仅贴一个判断登陆的代码：

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. privatevoidcheckedData(){ username=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.username)).getText().toString(); password=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.password)).getText().toString(); Useruser=newUser(); user.setUsername(username); user.setPassword(password); LoginProtocollogin=newLoginProtocol(); booleanresult=login.checkLogin(user);

10.

11. if(result){SpiderCache.getInstance().setUserSession(user);

12. Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),

13. Intentintent=newIntent();

14. intent.setClass(LoginActivity.this,WelcomeActivity.class);

15. startActivity(intent);

16. }else{Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this,

17. }

18. }

19.

20. privatevoidcheckedData(){

21. username=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.username)).getText

().toString();

22. password=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.password)).getText

().toString();

23.

24. Useruser=newUser();

25. user.setUsername(username);

26. user.setPassword(password);

27. LoginProtocollogin=newLoginProtocol();

28. booleanresult=login.checkLogin(user);

29.

30. if(result){ SpiderCache.getInstance().setUse

rSession(user);

31. Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),

32. Intentintent=newIntent();

33. intent.setClass(LoginActivity.this,WelcomeActivity.c

lass);

34. startActivity(intent);

35. }else{ Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this,

密码或用户名不匹配，请重新输入！

36. }

37. }

以上代码为了跟大家分享一下，感觉手机端和服务器双向开发非常过瘾。同时对Android的兴趣大大提升，它也没有我们想象中的那么难。