动词的过去式

动词的过去式和过去分词规则表

一、过去式和过去分词相同。

动词原形 1.bring 2.build 3.burn 4.buy 5.catch 6.dig 7.feel 8.fight 9.find 10.get 11.hang 12.have 13.hear 14.hold 15.keep 16.learn 17.leave 18.lend 19.lose 20.make 21.mean 22.meet 23.pay 24.say 25.sell 26.send 27.shine 28.sit 29.sleep 30.smell 31.spend 32.stand 33.sweep 34.teach 35.tell 36.think 37.understand 38.win 过去式 brought built brunt(bruned) bought caught dug felt fought found got hung

hanged

had heard held kept learnt(learned) left lent lost made meant met paid said sold sent shone(shined) sat slept smelt(smelled) spent stood swept taught told thought understood won

过去分词 含义

brought 带来 built 建 brunt(burned) 燃烧 bought 买 caught 抓 dug 挖 felt 感觉 fought 打架 found 发现 got 得到 hung 悬挂 hanged 绞死 had 有 heard 听到 held 握 kept 保持 learnt(learned) 学习 left 离开 lent 借出 lost 丢失 made 制造 meant 意思是met 遇到 paid 付款 said 说 sold 卖 sent 送 shone(shined) 发光 sat 坐 slept 睡 smelt(smelled) 嗅 psent 花费 stood 站 swept 扫 taught 教 told 告诉 thought 想 understood 理解 won 赢

二、动词的过去分词是在动词原形后加n或者en.

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 39.beat beat beaten 40.blow blew blown 41.draw drew drawn 42.drive drove driven 43.eat ate eaten 44.fall fell fallen 45.give gave given 46.grow grew grown 47.know knew known 48.mistake mistook mistaken 49.ride rode ridden 50.rise rose risen 51.see saw seen 52.show showed shown 53.take took taken 54.throw threw thrown 55.write wrote written 三、原形、过去式和过去分词相同。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 56.cost cost cost 57.cut cut cut 58.hit hit hit 59.hurt hurt hurt 60.let let let 61.put put put 62.read read

read

四、原形中的i, 过去式改为a, 过去分词改为u。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 63.begin began begun 64.drink drank drunk 65.ring rang rung 66.sing sang sung 67.swim swam swum 五、动词的过去分词是在过去式后加n或en.

含义

打 吹 拉 驾驶 吃 下落 给 生长 知道 弄错 乘、骑 升 看见

出示，表现 拿走 抛、掷 写

含义

值（多少）钱切、割 打

伤害、伤痛 让 放 读

含义 开始 饮 响 唱 游泳

动词原形 68.break 69.choose 70.forget 71.speak 72.wake 过去式 broke chose forgot spoke woke 过去分词 broken chosen forgotten spoken woken

含义 打碎 选择 忘记 讲 醒

六、动词原形、过去式和过去分词都各不相同。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 73.become became become 74.come came come 75.run ran run 七、动词原形、过去式和过去分词都各不相同。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 76.am,is was been 77.are were been 78.do did done 79.fly flew flown 80.go went gone 81.lie lay lain 82.wear wore worn

含义

成为 来 跑

含义 是 是 做 飞 去 躺 穿

八、动词的过去分词是在动词原形后加n或者en.

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 83.can could 能 84.may might 可以 85.must must 必须 86.shall should 将要 87.will would 愿、要、将、会

请把下列动词选填到各题空格处并改为适当的形式（可以重复选用）。

（be，break，come，do，drive，enjoy，fall，get，go，have，leave，lose，rain，run，seem，stay，stop，take，teach，tell，write）

1．How many people （1） ______ there at the party last Saturday afternoon？

2．He （2） ______ hungry because he not （3） his breakfast this morning. 4．They say the train （13） ______ faster and safer than the bus does，so we （14） ______ the train to Kaohsiung yesterday. 5．Because I （15） ______ ill I not （16） to school the day before. 6．Have you found the bicycle you （17） ______ the other day？ 7．There （18） ______ few schools in those days. 8．Usually my father （19） ______ to work，but he （20） ______ the bus this morning，for his car （21）______ down on his way home yesterday. 一般过去时

1．概念：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday?

4. 规则动词的过去式的变化规则及读音： （1）一般情况在动词原形后加-ed want answer wanted answered

（2）以字母e 结尾的动词，只加-d move die moved died

（3）以“ 辅音字母+y ”结尾的动词，把y 改为i,再加-ed carry cry carried cried （4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop

stopped， plan， planned 加ed之后的读音规则：

1) 清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ 例如： finished, helped, passed, cooked

2) 元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/

例如：enjoyed, called, moved, borrowed

3) /t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/ 例如：wanted，shouted, needed, counted 3. 常用的一般过去时的时间状语：

yesterday/ the day before(在...之前) yesterday last year/ month/ spring/ week/ Monday/ night yesterday morning/ afternoon/ evening at that time/ just now = a moment ago

two days ago/ 3 years ago/ 5 months ago/ a week ago in 1990/ 2000/ 1988/ 1949

in the old days/ in those days 翻译：昨天晚上我在家里

变否定句：He does his home work last night. 变成一般疑问句：I bought some fish yesterday. 划线部分提问：He does his homework last night. 翻译：你昨天晚上在家里看电视了吗？ 是的，我在/不，我没有。 你昨天在家吗？

是的，我在/不，我没有。

What did you do last Sunday？ 你上一个星期天做什么了？

变否定句：I went to the zoo yesterday. ——I didn’t go to the zoo yesterday. 划线部分提问：I went to the zoo yesterday. ——When did you go to the zoo? 讲解：

（1）一般过去时

①一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

②一般过去时的时态，标志为过去时间点。常见的过去时时间有：yesterday、last night（昨天晚上）1981等等。 ③一般过去时中的谓语动词要用过去式。

④一般过去时态的句子没有第三人称的用法，不管主语是第几人称，动词都可用过去式。

⑤没有do does 之分，全部用did （2）last 上一个的 next 下一个的 last week 上一周 上个月 next week 下一周 下个月 （3）last 还可以做最后讲： 最后at last 终于in the end

翻译：He is the last boy I want go see. This is the last thing I want to do. Tom runs first,Jim runs last. At last I passed the exam.

（4）last 持续

如：The rain lasted 2 days. 动词在形变为过去式的一般规则：

（1）一般词尾加ed如：work—worked ed的读音规则：

①清清浊浊。 即：清辅音后读清辅音[t] 如looked [lukt] 浊辅音后读浊辅音[d] 如climbed [klaimd] ②元音后读[d]。 如：played [pleid]

① 原来以t，d结尾的动词加上ed后读[id]。 如：wanted [???????]

（2）动词以e结尾的直接加d。 如closed

（3）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母再加ed。如：stop –stopped [?????]

a.动词过去式的变化可速记为“直”、“去”、“双”、“改”四字诀。 ①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed.如：wanted，played.

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ed.如：hoped，lived. ③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed.如：stopped.

④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed.如：studied，worried. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[Id].

①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] 等后，ed要读[t].如：worked，finished. ②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d].如：lived，called. ③[t]或[d]后，ed读[Id].如：started，needed.

b.不规则动词变化，要逐一熟记。be动词过去式有两种形式，主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was，其他人称用were. 高分突破：

两类应注意的题：

1. 交际英语中表示过去发生的动作：

“ Please look at the sign: NO PHOTOS!” “ Sorry, I ______ it.”

A. don’t see B. see C. saw D. didn’t see 正确答案：D

2. 客观真理用一般现在时：

My teacher told me that the earth _____ round the sun. A. moved B. moves C. move D. ran a. be动词过去式的句式。否定句是在was/were后面加not，was not （wasn’t）/were not （weren’t）。一般疑问句是把was / were提前并放到句首，要求首字母要大写。

b.实义动词过去式的句式。

①肯定式：主语+动词过去式+其它。 如：They had a good time yesterday. ②否定式：主语+did not（didn’t）+动词原形+其它。如：They didn’t watch TV last night.

③一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？肯定回答：Yes，主语+did.否定

回答：No，主语+didn’t.

如：Did they have a meeting two days ago？ Yes，they did. / No，they didn’t.

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？如：What time did you finish your homework？

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

Where did you go just now?

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型：

It is time for sb. to do sth "到„„时间了" "该„„了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该„„了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else?

I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would.

Could you lend me your bike?

a.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。 My father worked in Shanghai last year. b.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always等表示频度的时间状语连用。

I often went to school on foot. c.与when等连词引导的状语从句连用。 When he got home，he had a short rest.

一般过去时的时间状语表示一般过去时的时间状语有：

a moment ago（刚才），yesterday morning，last night/ week，the day before yesterday（前天），just now（刚才）等。 一句话总结：一般过去时的句子中经常会出现表示过去的时间状语，这些时间状语主要有：

yesterday昨天；last spring上个春天；a few days ago几天前；many years ago数年前；

in l990在1990年；last night昨晚；this morning今天早上；等等。例：My father bought this suit this morning．我父亲今天早上买了这件西装。 I dreamt of a barking dog last night．我昨晚梦见了一条狂叫不止的狗。 He lost his wallet a few days ago．他几天前丢了钱包。 标题：A wet night雨夜

语言点：wet adj．潮湿的；有雨的：a wet season雨季；a wet day雨天 He was a football player. 他过去是一个足球运动员。 讲解：（1）本句是个一般过去式的句子。was[]是???和???的过去式。????是???的过去式。

（2）一般过去式的讲解：①一般过去式表示过去发生的事情。②一般过去式通常有明确的时间标志。如：昨天yesterday、两年之前two years ago 在1990年in 1990

上个星期天last Sunday等。

③一般过去式的谓语动词必须用过去式。如come.过去时came； go过去时 went want 过去时wanted；

④动词过去式加ed的构成规则和读音： 常用的动词过去式的不规则变化： 翻译：昨天我在上海 上个星期他去了北京

去年他想买一辆小汽车。wanted buy last year 去年 Jim和Tom两年之前七岁。

The children_______(1eave)home last Saturday morn- ing at nine o’clock．The bus______(go)very slowly，so they________(arrive)at the beach at about nine thirty． Some of them_______(jump)into the sea and_________ (swim)happily．Some________(make)a fire and some ______(bring)some wood．They________(cook)some food and_______(eat)it quickly．They also_______

(drink)cold drinks．Then some of them________(play)on

the sand，and others_______(sleep)．At four o’clock they________ (catch)a bus home．