外研社英语八年级下册M6-M8知识要点及写作范文

Module 6 Hobbies

Unit 1

1. a little + 不可数名词：有点儿、少量的 a bit of + 不可数名词：有点儿、少量的 2. have a look:看一看，后跟宾语时，要加介词at. have a look at = look at Have a look at the picture.

3. most of + 代词宾格 或 most of + 面的代词或名词决定。

4. must:表示肯定的推测， The restaurant must be very good. It’ That girl can’5. as + 形容词/ 副词的原级 + as : 6. 用：1) with: 2) in:用语言、声音、原材料 3) by:用/ 通过„„用段或方式7. 形容词修饰不定代词时后置：Unit 2

1. 1) some„„others 2) one „„the other 2. make sb. do sth.: 使某人做某事 We made the little girl laugh at last.

3. develop: v. We should develop good living habits. 4. during = in: 5. as well as:除了„„外（还有），可用besides代替。 I have a few English books as well as / besides this .

I study Japanese as well as English. 除了英语外，我还学日语。 6. encourage sb. to do sth.: 鼓励某人做某事 My parents always encourage me to study hard. 7. come out: 出版、发行、（花儿）开放、出来

8. as a result = so 结果、因此、

She didn’t study hard and as a result, she didn’t pass the exam. Tom studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam.

不客气（回答感谢）。

失败乃成功之母。 成功地 succeed v. 成功 He is a successful writer. 他终于成功完成了那项工作。 ’clock in the afternoon. I play ’s home for a lesson every 为某事做准备

准备做某事

2. make a list:列清单 Let’s make a shopping list.

3. 1) crazy adj. 发疯的、荒唐的 You are crazy to buy the watch at such a high price. 2) be crazy about:对„„着迷 The boys are crazy about Jay Chou. 3) drive sb. crazy:使某人发疯 、疯狂迷恋

Things almost drive me crazy. 这些东西差点把我弄疯。

4. what to take = what I should take 疑问词 + 不定式作宾语 = 宾语从句

These dressed are very beautiful. I can’t decide which one to buy. 5. at the end of: 在„„末端/ 尽头/ 后期 / 结束 （时间 / 地点） There is a park at the end of the street. My birthday is at the end of June.

6. 英语中成双成对的名词：shorts, trousers, glasses, /socks, shoes. 其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由pair修饰作主语时，谓语动词单复数由pair决定。

7. light: 轻的 --- heavy: 重的 light:浅色的 8. 体，谓语动词用单数形式。

Twenty years is a long time. Maths is my favorite subject. Ten kilometers is very far.

9. else: 作后置定语 疑问词 / 不定代词 other: 作前置定语 other + 名词复数 10. 1) weigh: v. 重、称„„的重量 Please weigh the bananas.

2) n. weight 重量 put on weight: 长胖 11. total adj. The total score is one hundred. In total: 12. 1) by the way: 顺便说/ 2) on one’s way to: 在某人去„„的路上 3) in the way: 挡道 Don’ 14. write to sb. = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信

祈使句表示的动作是尚末发生的动作，应答上句的祈使句，答语用助动词will 表示将来。 Unit 2

1. 1) offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物

He offered me a cup of tea. = He offered a cup of tea to me.

2) offer to do sth.：主动提出做某事 Tom offered to help me with my English.

2. at the same time: 同时 3. last: v. 持续 last (for) + 一段时间，for可省略 The film lasted (for) three hours. 4. depend on: 依靠、依赖、取决于

Our success depends on hard work. 我们的成功取决于艰苦的工作。 You can’t always depend on your parents.

/ 为某人提供某物 等词修饰。 毕业

2) fill „ with„:用„„把„„装满 （表动作） He filled the bags with books.

3) be filled with = be full of : 充满、装满（表状态） The glass is filled with water. = The glass is full of water. 话题写作：

假设你是张林，你的美国笔友Bob来信询问你的暑假计划，现在请你写一封回信，

告诉他你将在爷爷奶奶家度过这个假期。 注意：1.至少写出你将要做的三件事；

2.回信不少于80词，信的开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Bob,

The summer vacation is coming soon. After a tiring school year, I’m going to relax myself. I will spend my vacation with my grandparents. I will stay with them for about three weeks. Of

time together. What’Best wishes to you. Yours,

point to: 指着（远距离） He pointed to the hill.

point at: 指着（近距离） Don’t point at people with a finger.

8. sight n. 名胜、风景 （人文景观或历史遗址为主的景观） see the sights:游览名胜 Do you know the sights of Beijing?

9.1) allow sb. to do sth.:允许某人做某事 My parents allow me to watch TV at weekends. 2) allow doing sth.:允许做某事 Our teachers allow playing here.

学生不允许在学校吸烟。 /金钱做某事 /金钱 My father promised to buy a bike for me. 遵守诺言 break a promise:不守信 ’clock.

离开、搬开 move in: 迁入 继续向前移动

（主动） （被动）

7. pull:拉 --- push:推 Pull the door open. 把门拉开。 Pull down:拉倒、拆毁 8. I’m / was sorry„：当听说别人糟遇不幸时，用此句表示对别人同情。 I was sorry to hear that he had a bad cold last week. 虚拟语气

Wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示与现在的事实相反的假设，be 动词都用were. I wish I were as strong as you. I wish I were with you now.

Module 8 Time off

Unit 1

1. 1) v. 欢迎 2) n. 欢迎 3) adj. 受欢迎的、不必感谢的 --- Thank you. ---- You’2. 1) so „ that 形/副词 + enough to相互转化。 He was so angry that he couldn’ He ran so quickly that we couldn’ 2) so that:相互转化。

3. hear sb. do sth. hear sb. doing sth.: 4. 1) hardly = almost not I can hardly finish the work. 2) hard adv. 努力地 hard adj. 艰艰苦的、硬的 5. be famous for: 因„„而闻名 be famous as: 以/ 作为„„而出名 6. take up: 占据（时间/空间）

你认为哪种业务爱好占的时间最少？ 这个大盒子占了太多的空间。 7. point out: 指出 Please point out the mistakes.

语法：

1. 常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词是：believe, expect, promise, think, tell, hope, wish, remember, forget等。

I hope (that) everyone will have a happy family.

2. 主句的谓语是由“be + 形容词（afraid / glad / sure / sorry）”等构成的系表结构时，后面常接that 引导的宾语从句。 I’m sure (that) she’ll write to me soon. I’m sorry (that) he isn’t here right now. 3. 宾语从句的时态：

1) 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

2) 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等）。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump.

3) 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。

Don’t mention this problem to her this evening.

2) mention + that(宾语从句): Tom mentions that he often sees Peter in the library. 3) Don’t mention it. = You’re welcome. = Not at all. 别客气、不用谢。 6. refuse to do sth.:拒绝做某事 The students refuse to try the healthy food. Refuse sb. sth.: 拒绝某人某事 贷款 7. treat „as = see„ as = regard „as 把„„看作 Don’ We treat him as our leader.

自信、满怀信心 He is not sure of himself these days. I am / feel sure of his success. 9. regret: v. I didn’ ’后悔/ Teachers should be patient with their students. 对某事有耐心 Tom is patient of the trouble. 与某人交朋友 把某人/某物介绍给某人，没有introduce sb. sth.结构 I introduced my sister to Lily.

2) introduce oneself:自我介绍 Can you introduce yourself? 13. No problem. 不用谢。/没关系。/没问题。

1) --- Thank you very much. 2) --- I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. --- No problem. --- No problem. Unit 2

1. every time = each time 每次，引导一个时间状语从句。

Every / Each time I borrow money from him, he says he is poor. 2. talk to sb. about sth.: 与某人谈论有关某事 Let’s talk to him about the picnic.

3. worry about sb. / sth. = be worried about sb. / sth. 担心某人/某事 4. in silence:安静地 He looked at the pictures on the wall in silence. silent: adj. 沉默的、无声的 、寂静的 He is a silent boy. keep silent: 保持安静 keep silence: 保持沉默 5. touch n. 接触、碰到 I felt a touch on my back.

v. 触摸、碰 Don’t touch the machine. It’s dangerous. 6. bright adj. 明亮的、欢快的、聪明的

Module 9 Friendship

Unit 1

1. 打电话用语：1) 您是哪位？ 2) 我是„„。This is sb. / This is sb. speaking.

3) 请别挂断电话： 4) 电话线繁忙/不通/占线：2. have a problem with sb. / sth.: 与某人之间有问题/ Tom said that he had a problem with his father. Do you have a problem with your English study?

3. 1) seperate „ from 2) get seperated: be separated:

We got separated one week ago. = We have been separated for one week. 4. 1) explain sth. to sb.: 向某人解释某事 不能使用explain sb. sth.的结构。 The teacher explained the maths problem to his studens.

2) explain that(宾语从句): Peter explained that he would get there on time.

3) explain + 疑问词 + to do sth.: Father explained that he would go there on time. 5. 1) mention sth. to sb.: 向某人提及某事 不能使用mention sb. sth.的结构。

7. treasure: n. 意为“珍宝“时为可数名词，意为”财富“时为不可数名词。 These are the nation’ treasure: v. 珍惜 I treasure your friendship.

8. change one’s life: 改变某人的生活 change one’s mind:改变某人的主意 Change„ into „: 把„„变成„„ change A for B：用A换B The fridge can change water into ice.

9. trust sb. = believe in sb. 信任某人

We have always trusted him. 10. include v. 包括 Including prep. 11. stick together: 粘在一起、团结一致

Whatever happens, we must stick together.

12. advise sb. to do sth. advise doing sth. advide that / wh-从句 语法：

1. if和whether 1) 在介词后、不定式之前、以及有or not I don’ 2. Do you know when the train will arrive? No one knows why Amy is not happy today. I want to know what is wrong with Tom He didn’t know what happened to Tom

在宾语从句中，疑问词what话题写作：

微笑是一种态度。请你以“稿件。

内容要点：1.学会对自己微笑；2.学会对他人微笑；3.微笑是一种语言。 注意：紧扣主题，表述全面、准确、流畅；可以适当发挥。

参考词汇：attitude 态度 misunderstand 误会 confidence 自信心

benefit health有益于健康 enemy Lear to smile

In our life, there may be something unpleasant. For example, you fail in an exam or you are misunderstood by your friends. These things may make you feel sad. Then what will you do? Why not learn to smile? Smiling to yourself can bring back your confidence and beat the unhappy feelings. Sometimes the greatest enemy is yourself. The most important thing is that smiling benefits your health.

and it will help us to get closer to other

带某人参观某地

be on:开始、进行 看到 about playing computer games. 9. keep + adj.:保持某种状态 keep quiet You should do some exercise to keep healthy.

10. 1) against: prep. 与„„对抗、以„„为竞争对手，其后接名词、代词或动名词。

2) against: prep. 反对 My father is against my plan. I’m against building a new zoo.

1. look down at sth.:低头看/俯视某物 look up at sth.:抬头看/仰视某物 Look down on / upon sb.:看不起某人 Don’t look down on the poor. I looked down at the whole city from the top of the building.

3. 现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语，表示伴随的动作。即与谓语动词所表示的动作同叶发生的一个次要动作。

He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper. Lily went out , laughing loudly.

4. 1) It seems that + 从句：似乎、好象 3) seem + adj.: 看起来 5. not…but…：不是……而是 not just … but…: 不仅……还…… 6. in person:亲自、当面，在句在作状语。

7. at the age of + 年龄的数词 = When sb. be + At the age of seven, she went to school.

8. 1) as conj. As he grew up, he became active.

He saw her as she was getting off the bus. 2) as conj. 因为，引导原因状语从句。 You must hurry up as there is little time left.

3) as prep. 作为 9. do research on: 10. 1) look out of :从„„往外看 Don’ 2) look out = be careful 留神、注意、小心

11. have +食品 早/ I have chicken and bread for lunch. 12. the purpose of: „„的目的/意图

This is the main purpose of my coming here.

What’s the purpose of your visit? 你来访的意图是什么？ on purpose: 故意地 for the purpose of: 为了„„的目的 Don’t you agree? Isn’t this book very interesting? Can’t you see the sign?

100名学生中进行了一次调查采访。采访主”和“Why?”这两个问题进行的，”为题的报告，并谈谈你自己的理想 12%-- teachers (some) (make„learn more)

the rest—other jobs

’ dream jobs, we made a survey among 100 duty to make contributions to the peace of our