初中特殊疑问句讲义
特殊疑问句(Special Questions)
一、定义 以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
二、特殊疑问词
特殊疑问词可分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词
1. 疑问代词
疑问代词主要有五个,分别为:who (有宾格变化,为whom )、whose (谁的)、which 、what 、whose 。它们没有性和数的变化;除了who 意外,其它疑问词
也没有格的变化。
* 其中what 和其它名词一起可以组成很多疑问词组,如:what time(什么时间,询问具体时刻、几点几分)、what color、what about(…怎么样,询问征求意见)、what day (哪天,询问星期几)、what date(哪天,询问具体日期、几月几日)、what class、
what grade等。
【例题】
A. 翻译:(比较①和②)强调回答语
① 你最崇拜谁? ? ② 你崇拜谁,周杰伦还是杰克逊? ?
B. 根据答语填写句子:
③ ? It is Friday today.
④ ? It was November 10 yesterday. 2. 疑问副词
疑问副词包括when ,where ,why ,how 和how 。
* 其中how 与其他副词和形容词一起可以组成很多疑问词组,如:how old 、
how many、how much、how about(…怎么样,询问征求意见)、how far、how long、
how often、how soon(多久、多快-时间快慢)、how fast(多快-速度快慢) 、how tall、how high 、How big、How wide、how hard(多硬-硬度、多难-难度)、How deep(多深)等。
【例题】翻译:
①--你将在北京待多长时间?--两个月
②--中山路有多长? ?
--我不知道,不过那条路真的很长. 它也许是上海最长的一条路。
? ③从人民广场到徐家汇有多远? ? ④你知道这河水有多深吗? ?
三、特殊疑问句的构成及回答
它的结构一般为:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,
即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)
特殊疑问句的答语的重点是:针对疑问词提问的部分做回答,不用yes 或no 回答。在回答时,可以用一个词或词组,也可以用一个较为完整的句子。
【例题】
A. 翻译并回答:
① 你多久去图书馆一次? ② 你们这学期总共有几门课?
B. 对划线部分提问:
③I think that little girl is very beautiful. ? ④I will come back in one hour. ?
★ 1. 区别:what day(哪天,询问星期几)、what date(哪天,询问具体日期、几月几日)
【例题】翻译:
①——前天是星期几吗?——星期五 ②——儿童节是哪天? —— 6月1日
③——明天是几月几日? ——11月15日
★ 2. 区别:how many对可数名词提问
how much对不可数名词提问
【例题】翻译:(对比②和③)
①——你看见山坡上有多少只羊? ——很多,有好几千只。
②——你每天喝多少水? ——大约一千克。
③——你每天喝多少杯水? ——平均每天八杯。
★ 3. 区别:how far多远,对路程远近提问
how long多长,对时间和物体的长短提问
【例题】翻译并回答:
①——从你家到学校有多远? —— ②——你们的寒假有多长时间?—— ③——长江有多长? —— How far is it from A地 to B地? 从A 地到B 地有多远? (固定句型) It is + miles/kilometers + from A 地 to B地。从A 地到B 地有„米/千米。(固定句型)
★ 4. 区别:how soon(多久、多快-时间快慢)
how fast(多快-速度快慢)
【例题】翻译:
①——中国高铁(high-speed railway)速度有多快? ——大约400多公里/小时。
②——你多久去看你爷爷奶奶一次?(频率) ——每周一次。
③——你们多久开始上第二节课?(时间快慢) ——十分钟后。
★ 5. 区别:how tall:对人、树和建筑物的高度提问
how high:对山的高度提问
【例题】翻译:
①——法国的埃菲尔而铁塔(Eiffel Tower)有多高? ——320米
②——桂林的独秀峰(Duxiu mountain)有多高? ——66米。
③——浦东世贸大楼(the World Trade Building)有多高? ——410米,没有东方明珠塔高。 ★ 6. How about和What about:意思相同,都是询问、征求意见用的,
„怎么样?
【例题】
翻译:——你最近学习怎么样? ——还好,我正在努力进步。
同义转换并回答:
——How about eating hot pot this evening?
—— eating hot pot this evening?
肯定回答:Yes/Good idea/I’d like it.
否定回答:I ’d like it, but„/Sorry, but„
注意:“why+一般疑问句否定式”这种结构一般表示劲告、建议、责备等,而不是特殊问句,
如: Why don’t you come earlier ? 你为什么不早些来呢?(责备)
—Why not go skiing?(Why not+动词原形)为何不去滑雪呢?(提建议, 委婉)
=Let’s go skiing.
课后练习(做题时间:30分钟)
I. 对画线部分提问
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________
8. ____________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
18. I didn’ ______________________________________________________
II. 选择题
( ) 19. Excuse me ______ is the nearest bookshop ?
Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?
A. how B. what C. where D. who
( ) 20. ______ is a ticker for the film Hacker He?
About forty yuan .
A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often
( ) 21. —______ are you going? — I ’m going to the library.
A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where
( ) 22. It’s a nice car. ______ have you been in it?
Just to Shanghai.
A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far
( ) 23. ______? It’s eight.
A. What day is it B. What’s five and three
C. How old are you D. What’s your telephone number
( ) 24. —______? —I ’ve got a headache and a cough.
A. What’s your trouble B. What’s wrong with it
C. Can I help you D. How are you
( ) 25. ______ tea did you have?
Two cups.
A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which
( ) 26. ______ shall we meet in the park?
What about half past eight?
A. What B. When C. Where D., Which
( ) 27. ______ a year does your school have sports meetings?
Twice a year.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times
( )28. ______?
The one behind the tree.
A. Whose girl B. Who’s that girl C. Which girl D. Where’s the girl
( )29. ______ are you going to be in the future?
I want to be a person _____- Yang Liwei.
A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as
( )30.______ will your father be back? .
A How long B how often C How soon D How wide
III 就划线部分提问。
31.
he often lunch?
32.
will they come back?
33.
he hurt his leg ?
34..
you ?
35..
they when I came in ?
36.
you go to school?
37..
bus ?
38.
he feeling ?
39..
is your sister?
40.
?
41. He goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (对括号部分提问)
_________________________________________________?
42. My father goes to work by car. ( 改为特殊疑问句 )
__________________________________________________?
43. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 对括号部分提问 ) __________________________________________________?
44. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 对括号部分提问 )
_______ ________ can you dial to call the police
45. Ted put his bag in the desk . ( 改为特殊疑问句 )
_____ ______ Ted _____ in the desk?
46. The students ( went camping ) last week. (对括号部分提问)
_________________________________________________?
47. 3 and 9 is 12. (改为特殊疑问句)
_________________________________________________?
48. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). (对括号部分提问)
_____ _____ Diogenes ______ _______?
49. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). (对括号部分提问) _______ _______ the way to _______ _______?
50. We landed (on an unexplored planet ) . ( 对括号部分提问 )
______ ______ you land ?