初中英语常用近义词及词组
初中英语首字母填空常混淆近义词
1. ability n. 能力，本领，技巧to do sth。
capability n. 才能，可能性，性能 to do/of doing sth。
capacity n. 容量，潜能，智能to do/for doing sth。
2. able adj. 能干的，有能力的to do sth。
capable adj. 能胜任的，有可能的of doing sth。
competent adj. 能胜任的，(知识技术) 过硬的~ to do/for sth。
qualified adj. 符合资格/条件的for sth./in doing sth。
3. absence n. 缺席，不在，缺乏(证据，理由)
lack n. 缺少，没有(信心，经验)
want n. 需要，缺乏(知识，关心)
4. accept vt. 接受(可拒绝)
receive vt. (无法拒绝地) 收到
5. accident n. 意外事故，灾祸
incident n. 事件，事变，(政治) 事端
event n. 大事，重大事件
occurrence n. 偶然发生之事
6. accomplish vt. 完成
achieve vt. 获得(成就)
attain vt. 达到(目标)
7. accordingly adv. (自然而平常的因果) 于是，据此
consequently adv. (未必必然之) 结果，因此(=as a result)
hence adv. (为强调前因之) 因而，所以，这样(thus)
therefore adv. (作为必然结果/结论) 因此(because of this)
8. accurate adj. (话、计算等) 准确，精确的
exact adj. (数字、细节) 与事实/标准相符的，确切的
precise adj. 精确严密的，严谨无误的
9. accuse v. 控告(sb. of…)
charge v. 控告(sb. with…)
scold v. 责备(sb. for…)
sentence v. 判处徒刑(sb. for…)
10. acknowledge v. 公开承认(本来否认之事) a secret
admit v. 不情愿、被迫承认(真实性) a statement
confess v. 认错，招供(to)； a crime
11. adapt vt. 使(有能力) 适应(新环境、条件)
adjust vt. (调整以) 适应，调节(机器、仪器)
regulate vi. 校正，调节(温度、速度) ；控制
12. adequate adj. (相对于某一标准的) 足够的，适当的
enough adj. (相对于愿望、要求的) 足够的
sufficient adj. (相对于实际需要的) 足够的，充分的
13. adhere vi 坚持(原则等to)
insist vi 坚持(观点等 on, that)
persist vi 坚持(行动等 in) persevere vi. 持之以恒
stick vi 坚持，粘着(原先的立场、主张、承诺等~ to)
14. advise v. 建议，忠告
counsel n. v. (审慎而正式) 忠告，顾问
15. area n. (与面积相关的) 地区，区域
region n. (与某天然色、气候相关的) 地区，大行政区
zone n. (与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的) 区
district n 行政划分的区(比region 小) ，(市内的) 区
16. affect vt. (直接，有形的；不良的，情感的) 影响
influence vt. (潜移默化地) 影响
impact vt. 冲击，(巨大地) 影响
17. aid v. (急需的、经济等方面的) 援助
assist v. (辅助、次要的) 协助，起助手作用
help v. (精神、物质上) 帮助(以达到某种目的)
18. aim n. (军事，体育) 目的，目标，明确的奋斗目标
goal n. (长期努力的) 目标，终点
objective n. (具体、直接、很快可达到的) 目标，目的
purpose n. 意图，目的
19. allow v. (不加阻止、默许) 准许，许可 sb. to do, for
permit v. (正式而严肃的) 允许，准许 sb. to do, doing sth。
20. alter v. (局部、尺寸等) 改变 a dress改制衣服
change v. (通用词) 变化，改变a dress换衣服
convert v. (本质、信仰等) 转变 sb./sth. into
shift vt. 变换(档，速，位置) ；(并非出于自愿的) 改变，更换，转移
transfer vt. 搬迁，调动；改转(车票等) vary vi. (一定范围内) 变动，变化
21. amaze v. (=surprise greatly)使愕然
astonish v. (对无法理解、解释之事的) 震惊 surprise v. 使吃惊
22. answer v. 回答(问题) ，接(电话) ，(对敲门等的) 答应
reply v. (正式、书面的) 答复that…, to …
respond vi. (口头或行动上的) 响应，反应 to
23. apparatus n. (与某职业相关的) 仪器、器械
appliance n. (常s) 电器
equipment n. (不可数) 设备，装备
implement n. (大型) 工具，(农) 具，器具
instrument n. 精密仪器，乐器
24. apparent adj. 表面的，明显的(←appear)
distinct adj. 与众不同的，清楚的(→distinctive)
evident adj. 有证据表明的，显然的(←evidence)
obvious adj. 显而易见的
25. appear vi. (事物) 出现
arise v. (问题等) 出现
emerge vi. (从…冒出)from… happen vi. 发生，碰巧
occur vi. 发生，想起to do sth
take place vi. (依据安排等) 进行，发生
初中英语首字母填空常混淆近义词组
（一）
(A) 用所给的词组填空。
as fast as possible at the same time as usual at least
at the beginning of at times at once at the head of
at the top of at most at first at last
1. I can pay only fifty pounds _______________.
2. _______________ my mother lets me watch TV in the evening.
3. The two runners reached the finishing line _______________.
4. It was late for school. Li Lei ran _______________.
5. She would go home, _______________, for Christmas.
6. If you find any mistakes, tell me _______________.
7. _______________ he knew the meaning of the text.
8. The exam will begin _______________ June.
9. _______________ he was a little shy in class, but now he is active.
10. Mary graduated _______________ her class.
11. There were _______________ a hundred people in the hall.
12. There was snow _______________ the mountains.
(B) 用所给的词组填空。
how long how soon how far how often
how much how many how deep how old
1. --- __________ do you go to Beijing? --- Once a year.
2. --- __________ do you want to go to Beijing again? --- I can’t wait to.
3. --- __________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- About 1,157 kilometers.
4. --- __________ have you been a League member? --- Three years.
5. --- __________ will Mr Green come back to Beijing? --- In three years.
6. --- __________ kilos of milk was produced on the farm in 2001? --- 48,400 kilos.
7. --- __________ is the Lake, do you know? --- It’s about 1,600 meters deep, I think.
8. --- __________ was he last year?--- Ten.
(C) 用所给的词组填空。
in the day instead of in English in the future
in fact in time in this way in the open air
1. I’ll go to see her _______________ you.
2. No one knows what will happen _______________.
3. No one believed it, but, _______________ Mary did get an A in maths.
4. The sun comes out _______________ and the moon comes at night.
5. the students are learning to sing a song _______________.
6. _______________ you can learn English well.
7. Every morning he walks _______________ for an hour.
8. We got to the station just _______________ to catch the bus.
(D) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
on watch on display on the other hand neither … nor
on foot on the left not…at all not only … but also
on earth on time no matter no longer
1. Mr Huang is _______________ our teacher _______________ our friend.
2. The old man _______________ lives here. He lives with his son in Canada.
3. Every day it takes me five minutes to go to school _______________.
4. The soldier was standing _______________ though it was snowing hard.
5. A new kind of car was _______________ in the shop.
6. ____________ Bill _______________ Jack knows how to spell the word “ heard ”.
7. She is going to be a singer _______________ what difficulties she met.
8. I think he is the luckiest man _______________.
9. He is clever, but _______________, he makes many mistakes.
10. Little John is ________ tall enough to touch it _______________.
(E) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
out of just now at the moment after a while either … or…
ever since first of all up and down more and more more or less even though as if
1. Jim doesn’t feel like eating. He has been like this _______________ last week.
2. _______________ it was snowing hard, we had to go out.
3. The work is _______________ finished.
4. It looks _______________ it is going to rain.
5. _______________ Tom _______________ his brothers like to go hiking.
6. A lift is used to carry people _______________ in the tall building.
7. Don’t look _______________ the window. It’s dangerous.
8. _______________ I’d like to say how glad I am to be here.
9. The old woman knows the address but she can’t think of it _______________.
10. Where is Smith? He was here _______________.
(F) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
at sea by sea to his surprise in surprise in front in front of
some day one day before long long before the number of a number of
1. When we woke up, the ship was in the storm _______________.
2. They didn’t have to worry about their chickens _______________.
3. The driver sits _______________, and the passengers sit behind.
4. _______________, he found the girl was blind.
5. _______________ my father went out for a walk in the street and met his old friend.
6. _______________ the students in our school is 1,200.
(G) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
at the end of in the end sometime some time by the way
on the way none of no one less than more than
1. Zhang Hong hopes she will have a chance to study in America _________ next year.
2. The population has increased from _______________ 6,600,000 to 8,300,000.
3. _______________ home father told me about the accident.
4. _______________ we finished the work successfully.
5. She is interested in _______________ these books.
（二）
(A) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
cut down come down fall down get down put down
slow down shut down turn down write down sit down
1. We have __________ when we come to the main road. There is a lot of traffic on it.
2. Something must be done to stop them from _______________ trees.
3. Please _______________ your hands before I ask you questions.
4. The room is too noisy. Please _______________ the radio.
5. Sue had the computer _______________ before she left the room.
(B) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
drop off fall off get off hurry off keep off turn off set off put off
1. This morning we _______________ for our field trip together.
2. Can’t you see a girl with some flowers in her hands _______________ the bus?
3. He had to _______________ the meeting because of illness.
4. The doctor asked the patient _______________ sleeping pills.
5. Don’t forget to _______________ the lights when you leave here.
(C) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
come up with catch up with eat up grow up give up
hurry up hands up look up open up put up
make up one’s mind ring up send up wake up pick up
1. Tell me how _______________ the word in the dictionary, please.
2. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted ___________ a good answer.
3. A new cinema _______________ in the center of the city last year.
4. _______________, or we’ll miss the train.
5. Look! The teacher _______________ the competition result on the wall.
6. If you work hard, you _______________ your classmates.
7. The doctor told my father _______________ smoking.
8. Will you _________ the rubbish and throw it into a dustbin to keep the room clean?
9. They _______________ to turn it into rich farm land.
10. The dog was so hungry that it _______________ all the food.
11. _______________ or I’ll shoot you.
12. The news reporter said China _______________ another spaceship soon.
(D) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
think about think over work out work on have been to have been in hear of hear from used to be used to look for find out
1. I _______________ going to Beijing for my holiday.
2. I _______________ play football when I was younger, but not very often.
3. The scientists _______________ inventing new ways of reaching outer space.
4. We _______________ the Great Wall twice already.
5. There is an important matter _______________.
6. --- __________ you _________ Mr Black, sir? --- Yes, we often write to each other.
7. --- Can you _______________when the train will leave for Shanghai? --- Of course.
8. We _______________ the cost of the holiday and decided that we could afford it.
(E) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
wear out speak highly of learn … all by oneself take care of
pay for try out get on prefer to
make sure make room for stop … from enjoy oneself
1. I’m sure that you must ________ the library book if you still can’t find it anywhere.
2. We are going hiking on our first trip. So we __________ to bring enough food for the trip.
3. My English teacher often _______________ us so that we all like to study English.
4. Edison _____________ always _______________ new ideas when he was young.
5. All the students in Class 1 _______________ well with each other.
6. They _______________ walk rather than take a bus when they lived in town.
7. Mum, can you buy new trousers for me? Mine _______________.
8. Bruce is clever enough _______________ this song _______________.
（三）
(A) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
far away from arrive in at the second crossing from now on went wrong
give back come along come out went over are used for talking to over there
1. --- Can I borrow this new book? --- Yes, but you must ______ it _______ in a week.
2. --- Is your school ___________ your home? --- Yes, I go to school by bus every day.
3. I’ll give you a call as soon as I _______________ Beijing.
4. Man-made satellites _______________ studying the universe now.
5. Our teacher was ___________ Ann’s mother when I passed the teacher’s office.
6. He _______________ his exam paper and found two mistakes.
7. _______________, we must learn more to meet the need of the world.
8. Some flowers have begun to _______________.
9. It would be terrible if anything _______________.
10. Turn right _______________ and you’ll see a supermarket.
(B) 选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
in red knocking at the day before yesterday went on hour after hour waiting for the same as played a joke on to make money laughed at
1. Be quick! Mr Liu is _______________ you at the school gate.
2. Do you hear someone _______________ the door?
3. Mr Green works hard _______________.
4. The two brothers don’t look _______________ each other.
5. We waited _______________, but the visitor didn’t arrived.
6. It was raining hard but they _______________ working in the fields.
7. He doesn’t like to be _______________.
8. A girl _______________ is smiling to us far away.
9. The boys _______________ James. They did his shoes and he couldn’t find them.
10. They planted trees in the park _______________.
(C) 选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
be surprised at be angry with be made of be made for
be famous for be amazed at be afraid of be fed up with
be worried about be sorry for be fast asleep be able to
1. The children had a good time in the zoo. But they _______ the animals in the cages.
2. I used to eat a lot of meat. But now I _______________ it.
3. I _______________ the beautiful scenery in Xiamen. I really enjoyed myself when I was visiting the city.
4. Han Mei was born in the year of snake. But she _______________ snakes.
5. All of us _______________ the news that Miss Gao won’t come to the evening party this Saturday.
6. Please don’t _______________ me if I don’t go swimming with you.
7. Look! The baby _______________.
8. I found the dress which _______________ paper very strange.
9. She said that she _______________ support her family since two years ago.
10. Mrs Green is ill in hospital. Everyone _______________ her.
(D)选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
fill … with play with begin with quarrel with
agree with thanks to so far regard … as
as well do their best throw about put away
take away run away wash away keep from
1. Many more houses have been built for teachers in our city _______________.
2. _______________ the teacher, we all did well in maths.
3. She not only sings , she dances _______________.
4. The doctor often _______________ the bottle _______________ medicine.
5. It’s dangerous _______________ fire.
6. The museum _______________ one of the best schools.
7. They _______________ what I said after I had explained.
8. The Chinese people _______________ to make their country strong.
9. Luckily they _______________ from a fire.
10. Mother always tells me not ____________ my clothes ____________ in the room.
11. Y ou’d better _______________ the food. It smells bad.
12. The bridge _______________ by the flood.
13. My English teacher often ____________ her class ____________ an English song.
14. The sand can __________________________ moving towards the rich farmland.
参考答案
（一）
(A) 1. at most 2. at times 3. at the same time 4.as fast as possible
5. as usual 6. at once 7. At last 8.at the beginning of
9.At first 10. at the head of 11.at least 12. at the top of
(B) 1. How often 2. How much 3. How far 4. How long
5.How soon 6 .How many 7. How deep 8. How old
(C) 1. instead of 2. in the future 3.in fact 4.in the day
5.in English 6. In this way 7. in the open air 8. in time
(D)1. not only…but also 2. no longer 3.on foot 4. on watch
5. on display 6. Neither…nor 7. no matter 8.on earth
9. on the other hand 10. not…at all
(E) 1. ever since 2. Even though 3. more or less 4.as if 5.either… or
6. up and down 7.out of 8. First of all 9. at the moment 10. just now (F)1. at sea 2. Before long 3. in front 4. To his surprise
5. One day 6. The number of
(G)1. some time 2. less than 3. On the way 4. In the end 5. none of
（二）
(A)1. to slow down 2. cutting down 3. put down 4. turn down 5. shut down
(B)1. set off / will set off 2. getting off 3. put off 4. to keep off 5. turn off
(C)1. to look up 2.came up with 3.was opened up 4. Hurry up
5. is putting up 6. will catch up with7. to give up 8. pick up
9. have made up their minds 10 .ate up 11.Hands up 12. would send up
(D) 1. am thinking about 2. used to 3. are working on 4. have been to
5. to think over 6. have … heard from 7. find out 8. worked out (E) 1. pay for 2. make sure 3. speaks highly of 4. was … trying out
5. are getting on 6. preferred to 7. are worn out 8.to learn … by himself （三）
(A) 1. give … back 2. far away from 3. arrive in 4. are used for
5. talking to 6. went over 7. from now on 8. come out
9. went wrong 10. at the second crossing
(B) 1. waiting for 2. knocking at 3. to make money 4. the same as
5. hour after hour 6. went on 7. laughed at 8. in red
9. played a joke on 10 . the day before yesterday
(C) 1. were sorry for 2. am fed up with 3. was amazed at 4. is afraid of
5. are surprised at 6. be angry with 7. is fast asleep 8. was made of
9. had been able to 10. is worried about
(D)1. so far 2. Thanks to 3. as well 4. fills … with
5. to play with 6. is regarded as 7. agreed with 8. are doing their best
9. have run away/ran away 10. to throw … about 11. take away
12. was washed away 13. begins… with 14. be kept from