5.1系动词助动词情态动词
系动词、助动词、情态动词
一、情态动词
1.can(could):能够、可能、可以;may(might):可以、可能;must:必须; shall:将会;should:应该;will:将会,愿意;would:将会
2. 半情态动词(后接动原,但否定和疑问句要借助do) :have to不得不,had better最好,used to过去常常
3. 情态动词无三单(have to除外) ;不能单独使用,后接动词原形共同构成谓语
4. need既可做实义动词又可做情态动词(作实义动词,后接to do/doing,否定don ’t need to do do/doing;作情态动词,后接动词原形,否定needn ’t do)
5. 表推测:must be一定是(语气最肯定),can be可能是,may be也许是(语气最不肯定);can ’t be一定不是(语气最肯定,must be的否定形式)
6.maybe 也许(副词, 常用在句首) ;may be也许是(谓语动词,用在句中)
7.must 与need 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn ’t/don’t have to(不必).
8.may 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can,否定回答用can ’t/mustn’t.
二、系动词
1. 系动词后可接形容词。
2. 表示状态的系动词be(am, is, are, was, were,been),keep ,stay,表示感觉的半系动词feel (摸起来,感觉), look (看起来), smell (闻起来), sound (听起来),taste(尝起来);
三、助动词
1. 助动词本身无词义或意义不完整,必须和实义动词共同构成谓语。
2. 常用的助动词:be(am, is, are, was, were,been,being)用于进行时态或被动语态;do(does,did)用于一般现在时或一般过去时的否定句和疑问句;have(has,had)用于完成时态;will,shall,would,should 用于将来时态,shall/should只能用于第一人称。
情态动词与系动词练习题
一、基础题
1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him. -You________ find him. He________ Japan.
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?-Sorry. It________ in such a short time.
A. may do B. can't be done C. must do D. needn't be done
3.I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
4.________you mend my car? I______not start it.
A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may
5.________she ride when she was three years old?
A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May
6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.
A. can B. may C. could
7.Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller.
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?
-No. It________be her. She is at school now.
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't
10. ________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should
二、提高题
1.-May I go to the cinema, Mum?-Certainly. But you________be back by 11 o'clock.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
2.-SARS is such a terrible disease.-Yes, it is. We________be more careful.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
3. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish________into the river.
A. needn't be thrown B. mustn't be thrownC. can't throw D. may not throw
4. These books________out of the reading room. You have to read them here.
A. can't take B. must be taken C. can take D. mustn't be taken
5. Cars, buses and bikes________stop when traffic lights change to red.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
6. -Can you go swimming with us this afternoon?
-Sorry, I can't. I________take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.
A. can B. may C. would D. have to
7. -Must I finish the work before five o'clock?-No, you________.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. have to
8. -________I come back before five o'clock?
-No, you________. But you________be back later than seven o'clock.
A. Need; must; mustn't B. May; mustn't; can't C. Can; can't; can't D. Must; needn't; can't
9. -Must I clean the room right now?-No, you________. You________clean it after lunch.
A. needn't; can B. needn't; may C. mustn't; canD. mustn't; may
10.Susan's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ____be very expensive.
A. must B. can C. mustn't D. can't
11. This book________Lucy's. Look! Her name is on the book cover.
A. must be B. may be C. can't be D. mustn't be
12.-________I have your name, please?-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
13. -May I go to the cinema, dad?-No, you________. You must finish your homework first.
A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't
14. -May I smoke here?-________, you________. It can be dangerous.
A. Yes; can B. No; can'tC. Yes; may D. No, needn't
15. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer.
A. must; can B. must; may C. need; can D. can; may
16. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger.
A. need B. must C. should D. may
三、巩固
1.A teacher __do every exercise, but a pupil___.
A needn’t ;must B may not; must C needn’t ;needn’t D can’t ;must
2.You ___to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A needn’t to come B don’t need come C don’t need coming D needn’t come
3. -Could I look at your pictures?-Yes, of course you________.
A. could B. can C. will D. might
4.He ______ some time to rest because he feels thirsty and hungry.
A.need B.needs C.needing D.needed
5.I _______ a car, the bike is good for me.
A.don't need buy B.don't need to buy C.needn't to buy D.needn't buying
6. –Someone is knocking at the door. Who ______ it be?
--It ______ be Tom. He is still in the school.
A. can; can’t B. can; mustn’t C. might; could D. might; may
7.He ________ run a train when he finishes his training in that college.
A.can B.will can C.is able to B.will be able to
8.He ________ sing 30 songs when he was five.
A.can B.have could C.has been able to D.had been able to
9. Mr Wang ______ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
10. –Must I stay at home, Mum?--No, you ______.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. may not
11. --______ the man there be our new teacher?--He ______ be, but I’m not sure.
A. May; mustn’t B. Can; may C. Must; can’t D. Can; can’t
12. Even the top students can’t work out this problem. So it ______ be very difficult.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
13. It’s still early. You ______.
A. mustn’t hurry B. wouldn’t hurryC. may not hurry D. don’t have to hurry