文献检索报告-蚤蝇形态学研究
文献检索报告
【项目名称】：蚤蝇形态学研究
【检索目的】：
分类是整个生物学科的基础，目前的蚤蝇的分类主要依据其外部形态。在物种进化过程中，蚤蝇是最成功的类群之一，它还具有丰富的生物多样性。因此，蚤蝇本身具有特殊的形态特征，使其在系统发育研究中具有特殊的地位。从物种进化方面来说，蚤蝇是介于蚊、虻以及蝇之间的类群，因此，对蚤蝇科昆虫形态特征的深入研究，不仅是对探讨蚤蝇科昆虫进化历史，重建其系统发育关系有重要作用，同时也将对理解双翅目的系统演化关系提供重要借鉴，对于研究物种的进化将具有重要的指导意义。蚤蝇科是双翅目较大科之一，不同属种蚤蝇的外部形态特征是不同的，可以通过对其外部的形态观察区分属种。
【检索策略】：
关键词：蚤蝇，形态，双翅目，分类
主题：蚤蝇形态学研究
检索策略：（蚤蝇 and 形态）or （双翅目 and 形态）or（昆虫 and 形态）or（phoridae and morphology）
or (phoridae and dipteral and morphology)
【检索途径】：
☆CNKI中国学术文献网络出版总库：文献类型包括学术期刊、博士学位论文、优秀硕士学位论文、工具书、 重要会议论文、年鉴、 专著、报纸、专利、标准、科技成果、知识元、哈佛商业评论数据库、古籍等； ☆国际学术文献总库：包括国际学术文献库9个，收录文献题录共2300多万条，包括外文学术期刊、专利、标准、图书等；
☆PubMed医学文献检索服务系统：其数据主要来源有MEDLINE、OLDMEDLINE、Record in process、Record supplied by publisher等，数据类型：期刊论文、综述、以及与其它数据库链接。 ☆google学术搜索
【检索结果】：
〖CNKI中国学术文献网络出版总库〗
主题=蚤蝇+形态 模糊搜索
检出18条，选取4条如下：
（1）
中文篇名：蚤蝇科翅脉的形态研究
英文篇名：Morphology Research of the Veins of Phoridae
作者：崔冰冰，刘广纯
文献出处：湖北农业科学
中文关键词：蚤蝇，翅脉，形态
摘要：共对蚤蝇科14属13种进行了详细的翅脉描述。对蚤蝇翅脉类别进行初步划分,对各属种蚤蝇
翅脉的类别进行讨论。
（2）
中文篇名：蚤蝇翅的形态变化
英文篇名：The Morphological Changes of Phorid Wing
作者：崔冰冰，刘广纯
文献出处：安徽农业科学
中文关键词：蚤蝇科，翅，形态学
摘要：[目的]研究蚤蝇翅的形态及其变化规律。[方法]通过形态观察及文献对比的方法分析了蚤蝇
翅在不同生活环境下的形态变化特点。[结果]不同的生活环境能够改变蚤蝇翅的外部形态。同性别异型翅的产生通常与蚤蝇所处的环境有关,在不同的环境中饲养蚤蝇可以产生2种不同类型的翅。蚤蝇翅的性二型现象的产生是蚤蝇为更好的适应环境的结果。[结论]同性别翅的变化与取食、生存环境有关;雌雄异型翅不但是其对生活环境的适应,同时还是一种独特的进化方式。
（3）
中文题名：甘肃虻科（双翅目）研究
英文题名：Study on Tabanidae (Diptera) in Gansu
作者：何静
导师：刘荣堂，刘增加
学位授予单位：甘肃农业大学
学位年度：2008
论文级别：博士
关键词：双翅目，虻科，区系，亚生殖板，新种，甘肃
中文摘要：虻科昆虫俗称牛虻,分类地位属昆虫纲(Insecta)、双翅目(Diptera)、短角亚目
(Brachycera)、虻科(Tabanidae)。在吸血双翅目昆虫中属个体大、种群数量大和吸血量
大的类群,它不仅刺叮骚扰传播人畜共患疾病,而且通过对家畜刺叮吸血,造成皮毛质量
下降和奶量减产,已对我国一些地区构成特有的危害。引起草业、林业、畜牧兽医卫生防
疫和广大科技人员的重视与研究,已取得一些可喜的成就,但与蚊、蠓、蚋、蝇、蚤等昆
虫研究相比还比较滞后,仍有许多问题尚待研究。如在国内外至今还没有分类技术评价标
准,许多种类的外部形态十分近似,仅用传统的形态分类很难区分,本底不清,地理信息不
明,不仅制约虻类学科的发展,而且控制虻害缺乏依据性。因此,通过甘肃双翅目虻科昆虫
的研究,进一步了解甘肃省虻科昆虫本底,掌握虻科的地理信息,探索虻科昆虫成虫的外
部形态特征、雌性尾器亚生殖板细微结构的种间变化规律具有重要而深远的意义。研究
方法主要采用网捕法、人畜诱法、帐诱法、诱虻器诱捕法、形态描述、细微结构和超微
结构等方法。
（4）
中文篇名：贵州省虼蚤蝇属二新种（双翅目：蚤蝇科）
英文篇名：Two New Species of The Genus Puliciphora (Diptera: Phoridae) From China 作者：杨集昆，王心丽
文献出处：昆虫分类学报
中文关键词：双翅目，虼蚤蝇属，新种
摘要：双翅目的蚤蝇科(Phoridae)属种繁多、分布广泛、形态特殊、习性多样,是一个研究较多又很
不完善的类群。世界已知1500余种,我国只记载过57种,绝大部分在台湾,大陆仅广东、甘肃等省有零星记录。蚤蝇科有不少种类是为害菌蕈的,我们结合食用菌害虫的研究而积累了蚤蝇科的标本与资料;本文报道的屹蚤蝇属(Puliciphora)2新种就是在贵州得自蘑菇上的,新种模式标本保存在北京农业大学,虫标本室。
〖国际学术文献总库〗
主题=phoridae+morphology 模糊搜索
检出2条：
（1）
篇名：Morphology of puparia of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae), a fly species of
medical and forensic importance
刊名：Parasitology Research
作者：(1) Kabkaew L. Sukontason
(2) Worachote Boonsriwong
(3) Sirisuda Siriwattanarungsee
(4) Somsak Piangjai
(5) Kom Sukontason
学科分类：Biomedicine - Immunology;Microbiology;Medical Microbiology
摘要: Megaselia scalaris (Loew), a scuttle fly, is a fly species of medical and forensic
importance. For use in forensic investigation, fly specimens found to associate with human corpses have to be identified at species level. Herein, we present the morphology of the puparia of the above fly species using scanning electron microscopy. The characteristic of the intersegmental spines along the dorsal and lateral segments and sculpture of the pupal respiratory horn of this puparia may be useful in future studies, to distinguish it from other closely related species.
(2)
篇名：Phorinae (Phoridae/Diptera; Rennfliegen) als Blütenbesucher auf
Doldengewächsen(Umbelliferae)
刊名：Plant Systematics and Evolution
中文刊名：植物分类学与进化
出版社：Springer-Verlag
作者：Eberhard Baumann
英文关键: Diptera ; Phoridae ; Phorinae ; Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) ;Pollination ecology; 摘要:A report is given on about 1000 specimens of 28 species ofPhorinae and their occurrence
on 12 species ofUmbelliferae. Collections were made in a variety of habitats ranging from the German North Sea coast up to altitudes of 2500 m in the Western Alps. The morphology of the mouth-parts of the flies and their behaviour on the umbels are discussed briefly. No specific adaptations exist between Phorid flies and the visited umbels; their relationship is mutualistic. Climate and altitude have a greater influence on frequency and diversity of these visitors than the host-plants themselves. Visitors frequency and diversity increases with altitude.
〖Pubmed Research〗
检索结果26条，取3条如下：
（1）
题目：A new species of Phalacrotophora (dipt. Phoridae) from France.
作者：Disney RH.
摘要：A specimen attributed to Phalacrotophora fasciata (Fallén) by Dr. A. Delage (1974,
Annales de Parasitologie 49 (4), 495-500) is recognised as a new species. It is described and named P. delageae and compared with P. fasciata and P. berolinensis Schmitz.
（2）
题目：The species of Phora (Diptera: Phoridae) of Costa Rica.
作者Brown BV.
作者单位：Source Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900
Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA. [email protected]
摘要：The Phora of Costa Rica were reviewed and three species, all belonging to Schmitz's
Group III, were recognized: P. americana Schmitz and Wirth, P. truncata new species and P. paramericana new species. Of the three species, P. americana is by far the most abundant, with the other two species being rarely collected. All specimens were collected in the central highlands of the country. The previous record of the Holarctic Region species P. stictica Meigen from Costa Rica was found to be based on a misidentification of P. truncata.
（3）
题目：First report of Triphleba nudipalpis (Becker) (Diptera: Phoridae) in a forensic case. 作者：Disney RH, Manlove JD.
作者单位：SourceDepartment of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
摘要：The only insects found on a corpse of a murder victim buried at least 1m deep in a
heavy clay soil in East of England proved to be Triphleba nudipalpis (Becker), a species not previously reported from a forensic case. Its larva is described.
〖google学术搜索〗
学术高级搜索：标题=phoridae+morphology
检索到4条结果：
（1）
篇名：Morphology of puparia of Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae), a fly species of
medical and forensic importance
刊名：Parasitology Research
作者：(1) Kabkaew L. Sukontason
(2) Worachote Boonsriwong
(3) Sirisuda Siriwattanarungsee
(4) Somsak Piangjai
(5) Kom Sukontason
学科分类：Biomedicine - Immunology;Microbiology;Medical Microbiology
摘要: Megaselia scalaris (Loew), a scuttle fly, is a fly species of medical and forensic
importance. For use in forensic investigation, fly specimens found to associate with human corpses have to be identified at species level. Herein, we present the morphology of the puparia of the above fly species using scanning electron microscopy. The characteristic of the intersegmental spines along the dorsal and lateral segments and sculpture of the pupal respiratory horn of this puparia may be useful in future studies, to distinguish it from other closely related species.
（2）
Title: Humpbacked flies (phoridae, diptera) of the far east (morphology, biology and
systematics)
Authors: Mikhailovskaya Marina Vladimirovna
Keywords: BIOLOGY
Abstract: The object of investigation: the humpbacked flies, the utilizers of the rotting
organics, parasites of the insects-phytophages. The work is aimed at studying the fauna of the Far East Phoridae, at the investigation of the development biology. For
the first time, a complex investigation of the Far East Phoridae fauna located in the south has been performed; 113 species have been registrated including 28 snew species for the science. The obtained data present the new information about the Phoridae fauna, its evolution, development and trophic connections of the larvas. The determination tables have been compiled
（3）
Title：Morphology and Development of a Termite Endoparasitoid Misotermes mindeni (Diptera:
Phoridae)
Journal：Annals of the Entomological Society of America 104(2):233-240. 2011 Author：Foong-Kuan Foo, Ahmad Sofiman Othman and Chow-Yang Lee1
Abstract：The morphology and developmental stages of Misotermes mindeni Disney & Neoh
(Diptera: Phoridae), a newly described endoparasitoid of the fungus-growing termite Macrotermes gilvus (Hagen) (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) were studied, and biometric descriptors of eggs, larvae, and pupae were recorded. The larvae of M. mindeni exhibit three larval stages. Larvae complete their first instar development in fourth larval instars and major presoldiers, whereas the second and third instars develop entirely in major soldiers' head capsule and abdomen, respectively. The second instar can be readily differentiated from the first by the presence of a posterior spiracular base and more defined body segments, and the third instar can be discriminated from the second by the presence of respiratory horns and a well-developed posterior spiracular base. Differentiation of the larval instars is further supported by morphometric measurements. The first instar moves freely within the host's body cavity and head capsule, whereas the last two instars remain in the host's head capsule and abdomen, respectively. Termite developmental stages were used as a model to determine the developmental time of M. mindeni larvae. Duration between the first and second instars was 19.00 ± 2.28 d and between second and third instars was 36.88 ± 5.17 d. It took the third instar, 0.53 ± 0.08 d to reach pupation. The pupal stage lasted for an average of 13.51 ± 0.74 d. Mean adult longevity was 1.47 ± 0.57 d and 3.00 ± 0.98 d for females and males, respectively. Longevity of males was significantly longer than that of females.
Received: July 19, 2010; Accepted: October 29, 2010
Keywords: dipteran, larval parasitoid, immature stages, longevity
【检索结论】：
根据以上检索结果可见，近年来根据蚤蝇的形态进行区系分类学方面的研究较多，另外也有部分学者根据其生物学特性进行应用研究，但是蚤蝇方面比较形态学方面的专题研究却较少，而根据蚤蝇形态进行的系统发育研究在双翅目乃至昆虫纲的进化分类中具有十分重要的意义，所以蚤蝇形态学研究具有十分广阔的前景空间和十分重要学术价值和应用价值。