同位语从句
同位语从句
一.同位语的概念
1. 定义:一个名词对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,起限定或说明的作用,那么这个名词就叫做同位语。
2. 同位语与被它限定的词的单复数,以及格(主格、宾格)要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。
3. 同位语可以由以下成分担任:名词作同位语、短语作同位语、直接引语作同位语、句子作同位语(即:同位语从句)。
二.同位语的例句
1. 名词作同位语
Mr. Wang, the winner, will give us a speech about his success tomorrow.
王先生,那位获胜者,明天将就他的成功给我们做一个演讲。
(the winner是同位语,修饰Mr. Wang)
2. 短语作同位语
I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.
我,作为家里最大的女孩,总是要照料家中的其他孩子。
(the oldest girl in the family是同位语,修饰I)
3. 直接引语作同位语
But now the question comes to their minds,“Did she die young because she was a clone?” 但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题:“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗?” (“Did she die young because she was a clone?”是同位语,修饰the question)
4. 句子作同位语
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖,让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
(that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.是同位语,修饰the fact)
三. 同位语从句的概念
1. 同位语一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。这些名词往往是:news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。
Eg. I heard the news that our team had won.
Eg. I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
2. 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。(注意:if, which 不能引导同位语从句。)
Eg. He must answer the question whether he agrees to the decision.
四.同位语从句的例句
We heard the news that our team had won.
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. I have no idea what size shoes she wears.
The question who will take his place is still not clear.
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
五. 注意:
1. 同位语从句的that在从句中不做成分,并且不能省略。
2. 同位语从句的whether不能换成if。同位语从句中没有which。
3. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句都要恢复成陈述语序。
4. 有时,同位语从句可以不紧跟在名词后面。
Eg. The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
5.在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气:should do,其中should可以省略。
Eg. There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.
A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact
2."Is Mary from New York City? " "I don't know _______."
A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from
3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever
4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got
5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so
7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along
8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
9. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is
10. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what
11. When and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee
12. I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs
13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for
14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late
15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.
A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done
C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done
16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.
A. for B. because C. since D. that
17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that B. if C. what D. whether
18. "Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang "
"Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to."
A. which the room B. which room
C. what was the room D. what room was it
19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.
A. that B. which C. what D. of which
20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.
Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________.
A. what little she earns B. how little she earns
C. for little she earns D. with little she earns
21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That...what B. What...that C. That...which D. What...which
22. We gave him ________ help we could.
A. which B. what C. that D. this
23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.
A. that B. which C. all what D. all that
24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________
A. when the sports meet is taken place
B. when is the sports meet going to be held
C. when is the sports meet to begin
D. when the sports meet is to take place
25. Do you happen to know ________
A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears
C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his
26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.
A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed
C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed
27. Where do you think ________
A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he
28. Do you know ________
A. how many populations there are in the world
B. how much population there is in the world
C. how many the population of the world is
D. what the population of the world is
29. Would you go and see ________ outside
A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened
C. what is happening D. what the matter had been
30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." is_______.
A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I
31.________ I think he is Charles.
A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is
C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is
32. He didn't know which room ________.
A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in
33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what
34. The city is no longer ________.
A. what it is B. that it used to be
C. which it was D. what it used to be
35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.
A. which B. that C. what D. all what
36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does
37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of
A. What...that B. That...what C. How...why D. Why...how
38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do
A. That...what B. What...that C. Where...which D. Which...where
39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that
40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which
41."Do you know ________ " "His father is a doctor."
A. what is his father B. who is his father
C. what his father is D. who his father is
42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago
A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which
43. It ________ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that
44. We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.
A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever
45. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.
A. if B. that C. what D. whether
【答案】
1-5.CDCDB 6-10.BABCD 11-15.ADCCA 16-20.DABCA 21-25.BBDDA 26-30.BCDCC 31-35.ABCDC 36-40.DABBC 41-45.CCDDD